A Rapid Radioisotope Dilution Technique for the Accurate Determination of the Cardiac Output

SummaryA pair of printing scalers was used to record the information obtained by external monitoring of the isotope dilution curve following the intravenous injection of radioiodinated human serum albumin. The first scaler gives the differential count rate of the curve at increments of one second, whereas the second integrates continuously the isotope dilution curve. This recording device enabled cardiac output determinations to be calculated rapidly at the bedside without any loss in accuracy.Using this method in 15 normal individuals, the cardiac output was found to be 6.13 ± 0.73 liters/minute (Mean ± 1 S.D.), with a cardiac index of 3.36 ± 0.35 liters/minute/m2. In the same group of normals, the stroke index (stroke volume/surface area) amounted to 50 ± 7.3 ml/beat/m2.Comparison of the results of this method with those obtained by integration of the entire isotope dilution curve by an IBM 1620 computer showed excellent agreement, proving the validity of the suggested technique.

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Accurate determination of sulphur in steels and certain heat-resisting alloys by isotope dilution mass spectrometry

Talanta ◽

10.1016/0039-9140(79)80059-4 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 26 (3) ◽

pp. 251-253 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Kazuo Watanabe

Keyword(s):

Mass Spectrometry ◽

Isotope Dilution ◽

Accurate Determination ◽

Isotope Dilution Mass Spectrometry

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Ultradian rhythms of autonomic, cardiovascular, and neuroendocrine systems are related in humans

AJP Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpregu.1996.270.4.r873 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 270 (4) ◽

pp. R873-R887 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

D. S. Shannahoff-Khalsa ◽

B. Kennedy ◽

F. E. Yates ◽

M. G. Ziegler

Keyword(s):

Spectral Power ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

Autonomic Tone ◽

Ejection Time ◽

Index Stroke Volume ◽

Nasal Cycle ◽

Index Stroke ◽

Fast Orthogonal Search ◽

Time Averages ◽

Ventricular Ejection Time

Autonomic, cardiovascular, and neuroendocrine activities were monitored for 5-6 h in 10 normal adult resting humans (8 males, 2 females). The nasal cycle, a measure of lateralized autonomic tone, was measured at 4 Hz. Impedance cardiography (BoMed NCCOM3) was used to measure cardiac output, thoracic fluid index, heart rate, ejection velocity index, stroke volume, and ventricular ejection time (averages of 12 heart beats). Systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial pressures were measured with an automated cuff at 7.5-min intervals. Separate blood samples were taken every 7.5 min simultaneously from both arms with the use of indwelling venous catheters. Assays for adrenocorticotropic hormone, luteinizing hormone, norepinephrine, epinephrine, and dopamine were performed on samples from each arm. Time-series analysis, using the fast orthogonal search method of Korenberg, was used to detect variance structure. Significant spectral periods were observed in five windows at 220-340, 170-215, 115-145, 70-100, and 40-65 min. The greatest spectral power was observed in the lower frequencies, but periods at 115-145, 70-100, and 40-65 min were common across variables. Significant correlation coefficients for linear regressions of all paired variables in each subject were observed in 38.87% of the comparisons (subject range, 18.05-48-9.70%) with r > 0.30. These results suggest that either a common oscillator (the hypothalamus) or mutually entrained oscillators regulate these systems.

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Development of Isotope Dilution LC-MS/MS Method for Accurate Determination of Arsenobetaine in Oyster Certified Reference Material

Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society ◽

10.5012/bkcs.2014.35.3.821 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 35 (3) ◽

pp. 821-827 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Woo Young Lee ◽

Yong-Hyeon Yim ◽

Euijin Hwang ◽

Youngran Lim ◽

Tae Kyu Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Reference Material ◽

Certified Reference Material ◽

Isotope Dilution ◽

Accurate Determination

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Development of an on-line isotope dilution technique with HPLC/ICP-MS for the accurate determination of elemental species

Fresenius Journal of Analytical Chemistry ◽

10.1007/bf00322473 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 350 (4-5) ◽

pp. 221-227 ◽

Cited By ~ 97

Author(s):

Lothar Rottmann ◽

Klaus G. Heumann

Keyword(s):

Isotope Dilution ◽

Accurate Determination ◽

Dilution Technique ◽

Isotope Dilution Technique ◽

Icp Ms ◽

On Line

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Cardiac Output by the Dye Dilution Technique Under Thiopental Sodium-Oxygen and Ether Anesthesia

American Journal of Physiology-Legacy Content ◽

10.1152/ajplegacy.1956.186.1.101 ◽

1956 ◽

Vol 186 (1) ◽

pp. 101-104 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Esther M. Greisheimer ◽

Dorothy W. Ellis ◽

George Stewart ◽

Lydia Makarenko ◽

Nadia Oleksyshyn ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Cardiac Output ◽

Arterial Blood Pressure ◽

Total Peripheral Resistance ◽

Peripheral Resistance ◽

Stroke Index ◽

Ether Anesthesia ◽

Dye Dilution ◽

Arterial Blood ◽

Thiopental Sodium

One hundred-twenty determinations of cardiac output by the dye dilution technic utilizing the cuvette oximeter were made on 20 dogs. Of these, 60 were done under thiopental sodium-oxygen analgesia and 60 were done after supplementing with ether. Arterial blood pressure was recorded by strain gauge. Electrocardiograms were taken periodically. Concentrations of thiopental and ether in arterial blood were determined. Cardiac output began to increase under thiopental analgesia and continued to increase when ether was administered. Arterial blood pressure and heart rate decreased slightly when ether was administered. Stroke index increased when ether was administered. Total peripheral resistance decreased markedly under thiopental analgesia, and continued to decrease when ether was administered. When compared with an earlier study in which cyclopropane was used as the supplementing agent, it was found that cyclopropane and ether exert opposite effects on cardiac output and peripheral resistance despite the fact that the effect on arterial blood pressure is similar under the two agents. Increase in cardiac output was found to be parallel with decrease in total peripheral resistance in this study. Amount of dye injected did not influence cardiac output. Under the conditions of this study, cardiac output was in no way dependent on the concentration of thiopental in the blood nor on the amount injected. Level of ether in the blood did not show much effect, if any, on cardiac output. It is probable that the changes observed in this study are comparable with those which obtain clinically when thiopental-oxygen analgesia is supplemented with ether. Systolic blood pressure is not an infallible guide to other cardiovascular functions since it may remain fairly steady while cardiac output and peripheral resistance undergo marked changes under anesthesia.

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