99mTc-Pyridoxylidene Glutamate —A Radiopharmaceutical for the Hepatobiliary System

1976 ◽  
Vol 15 (02) ◽  
pp. 71-74
Author(s):  
O. P. D. Noronha ◽  
A. B. Sewatkar ◽  
R. D. Ganatra ◽  
G. Subramanian
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Gall Bladder ◽  
Intravenous Injection ◽  
Preliminary Data ◽  
Hepatobiliary System ◽  
Good Agent

Summary 99mTc-pyridoxylidene glutamate is a good agent to visualize the hepatobiliary system. The method of preparation and quality control, and preliminary data on its behaviour in human controls is presented. In humans the gall bladder could be well seen in about 15—20 minutes after intravenous injection.

scholarly journals Polypoid gall bladder lesions: Is it necessary for immediate surgery?

1970 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 44-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Selim M. Ansari ◽  
Sabina Banu ◽  
M.A. Awal ◽  
Abu Bakkar Siddique ◽  
Md. Monjur Alam
Keyword(s):  
Gall Bladder ◽  
Malignant Transformation ◽  
Histological Findings ◽  
System A ◽  
Hepatobiliary System ◽  
Cholesterol Polyp ◽  
Immediate Surgery ◽  
Hypochondriac Pain ◽  
First Diagnosis

Ultrasonographic study of hepatobiliary system was done in 481 patients with acute right hypochondriac pain to find out any pathology in hepatobiliary system. A total of 57 patients with polypoid lesions in gall bladder were diagnosed and underwent extensive follow-up.  In 31 patients, who underwent surgery, the histological findings were cholesterol polyp/cholesterosis (n=14), cholesterosis with fibrous displasia of gall bladder (n=7), adenomyomatosis (n=3), hyperplastic cholecystosis (n=5) and adenocarcinoma (n=2). Remaining 26 patients were under follow-up up to 18 months from first diagnosis. Though most of the polyps diagnosed on ultrasound appeared to be benign without any risk of malignant transformation, it, however, may be recommended to go for surgery in a persistent symptomatic patient.  Keywords: Polypoid; Gall bladderDOI: 10.3329/bmrcb.v33i2.1203Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull 2007; 33: 44-47

Head to Head Comparison of 99mTc(CO)3(NTA) and 99mTc-MAG3 in Patients with Suspected Obstruction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Taylor ◽  
Malgorzata Lipowska ◽  
Raghuveer K. Halkar
Keyword(s):  
Gall Bladder ◽  
Intravenous Injection ◽  
Nitrilotriacetic Acid ◽  
Diuretic Renography ◽  
Background Ratio ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Bladder Activity ◽  
Rapid Clearance ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Voided Volume

Abstract Purpose 99mTc-tricarbonyl-nitrilotriacetic acid, 99mTc(CO)3(NTA), is a new 99mTc-renal radiopharmaceutical with a clearance equal to that of 131I-ortho-iodohippuran. Our purpose was to compare the performance of 99mTc(CO)3(NTA) and 99mTc-MAG3 in patients with suspected obstruction.Methods 99mTc(CO)3(NTA) was prepared with commercially available NTA and CRS Isolink kit, and isolated by HPLC. Eighteen adult patients referred for diuretic renography received an intravenous injection of approximately 40 mg of furosemide 15 min prior to either 99mTc(CO)3(NTA) or 99mTc-MAG3 (mean activity of 47 ± 4.4 MBq). Data were acquired for 24 minutes followed by an anterior image of the liver and gall bladder and a measure of voided volume. Patients received a second furosemide injection equal to one third of the original dose followed fifteen minutes later by administration of the alternate tracer, mean activity of 320 ± 34 MBq. Clearances were measured using a camera-based technique.Results The clearance of 99mTc(CO)3(NTA) was greater than that of 99mTc-MAG3, 331 ± 146 vs 271 ± 105 mL/min/1.73 m2, respectively, p < 0.0001. The kidney to background ratio for 99mTc(CO)3(NTA) was greater than that of 99mTc-MAG3 for both left and right kidneys, p < 0.001; the 20 min/maximum count ratio was significantly less, p < 0.0001. There was no significant difference in the voiding volumes following 99mTc(CO)3(NTA) and 99mTc-MAG3 administration, 598 ± 237 mL vs 498 ± 170 mL, respectively, p = 0.07. Gall bladder activity was not observed with 99mTc(CO)3(NTA) but was present in 6/17 99mTc-MAG3 studies. Images and renogram curves were comparable except for two patients where the 99mTc(CO)3(NTA) study excluded obstruction but the 99mTc-MAG3 study suggested an indeterminate or obstructed kidney.Conclusions Unlike 99mTc-MAG3, 99mTc(CO)3(NTA) is not eliminated via the hepatobiliary track. Moreover, 99mTc(CO)3(NTA has a higher kidney to background ratio and more rapid clearance than 99mTc-MAG3. These advantages should allow more robust camera-based clearance measurements and may lead to better discrimination between obstructed and non-obstructed kidneys.

scholarly journals QUALITY CONTROL IN ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY REPORTING (PART A)

2022 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 292-299
Author(s):  
Imran Hameed
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Learning Curve ◽  
Preliminary Data ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Strain Analysis ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Standardized Report ◽  
Cardiac Evaluation ◽  
Line Analysis

For cardiac evaluation echocardiography is of immense importance. Easy availability, low cost, and portability lands it in the hands of novices at times. It has a learning curve and expertise must be obtained to keep the standard of reports high and reliable. The referring physician must be fully conversant with the indications of echocardiography. The echocardiographic machine should deliver images of high resolution and fully equipped with all the basic modalities. Availability of 3D (3-dimensional) imaging, tissue synchronization imaging and strain analysis are added advantages. Preliminary data of patient must be collected and the study should be recorded for off-line analysis. Finally, the findings should be narrated on a proforma in the form of a standardized report showing all the relevant features, especially directed to the query of referring physician, thus completing the loop.

scholarly journals RÖNTGENOLOGICAL VISUALIZATION OF THE GALL-BLADDER BY THE INTRAVENOUS INJECTION OF TETRABROMPHENOLPHTHALEIN

1924 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 473-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evarts A. Graham ◽  
Warren H. Cole ◽  
Glover H. Copher
Keyword(s):  
Gall Bladder ◽  
Intravenous Injection

scholarly journals A rare case of double gall bladder: a case report and review of literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 3488
Author(s):  
Gurushantappa Yalagachin ◽  
Abhijit D. Hiregoudar ◽  
Ashika Bagur ◽  
Abhishek Choudhari
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Anomaly ◽  
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Gall Bladder ◽  
Preoperative Diagnosis ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Rare Congenital Anomaly ◽  
Hepatobiliary System ◽  
Double Gallbladder

Double gall bladder is a rare congenital anomaly of the Hepatobiliary system with an incidence of 1:4000 due to abnormalities resulting during the embryogenesis during fourth to sixth week of gestation. Boyden was first to describe the duplication of the gallbladder and Harlaftis classification describes three types for the duplication of the gallbladder. Preoperative diagnosis of the duplication of the gallbladder has to be confirmed to minimise the complications during the surgery and post operatively. Sometimes the duplication of the gallbladder is missed preoperatively and hence increasing the risk and complications during the cholecystectomy. MRCP is the investigation of choice for preoperative diagnosis of the duplication and the laparoscopic cholecystectomy being the treatment of choice for the double gallbladder. We encountered a 25 year old girl with duplicate gallbladder who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy with removal of both gallbladders successfully.

Upper gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary surgery

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison Smith
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Small Bowel ◽  
Gall Bladder ◽  
Bile Ducts ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Hepatobiliary Surgery ◽  
Hepatobiliary System ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal

The upper gastrointestinal tract consists of the oesophagus, stomach, and the duodenum, which is the first section of the small bowel where pancreatic digestive juices and bile mix with food. The term hepatobiliary refers to the liver, gall bladder, and bile ducts. This chapter provides an overview of the conditions affecting the upper gastrointestinal tract and the hepatobiliary system, including the signs and symptoms, investigations, and treatments.

scholarly journals Pathogenetic features of the hepatobiliary system damage in patients with metabolic syndrome

2014 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-74
Author(s):  
O V Gaus ◽  
V A Akhmedov
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Gall Bladder ◽  
Bladder Wall ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Hepatobiliary System ◽  
Gall Bladder Wall ◽  
Cholesterol Monohydrate ◽  
Bile Cholesterol ◽  
Bile Excretion

A review of articles covering the modern views on the hepatobiliary system damage features in patients with clinical manifestations of metabolic syndrome. 196 original papers published over the last 6 years were found using PubMed, MEDLINE, E-library databases, from which 50 articles were picked out for the review. Considering high prevalence of metabolic syndrome, the studied problem seems important. The influence of obesity and associated insulin resistance at launching the systemic inflammation leading to activation of immunological cascade resulting in terget organs damage in such patients is highlighted. The pathogenesis of liver, gall bladder and bile ducts damage at presence of metabolic disorders is outlined. The role of inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in liver tissue damage is described. Based on the data of literature review and own data, it was shown that the lipid metabolism alterations are associated with liver functional damage, and liver in patients with metabolic syndrome is not only participating in atherogenic dislipoproteinemia development, but also damaged as the target organ. It was revealed that the key link in the gall bladder pathology in patients with metabolic syndrome is the lipid metabolism alterations that lead to the excess cholesterol bile excretion and cholesterol monohydrate crystals sedimentation. It was also shown that the functionally affected hepatocytes produce imperfect bile micelles with high cholesterol and low phospholipid levels, increasing the bile lithogenicity. High bile cholesterol level stimulating the mucin secretion by gall bladder wall, which is the important component of bile sediment and increases the bile crystalloids aggregation.

scholarly journals Head to head comparison of [99mTc]Tc(CO)3(NTA) and [99mTc]Tc-MAG3 in patients with suspected obstruction

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew T. Taylor ◽  
Malgorzata Lipowska ◽  
Raghuveer K. Halkar
Keyword(s):  
Gall Bladder ◽  
Intravenous Injection ◽  
Nitrilotriacetic Acid ◽  
Diuretic Renography ◽  
Background Ratio ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Bladder Activity ◽  
Rapid Clearance ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Voided Volume

Abstract Purpose 99mTc-tricarbonyl-nitrilotriacetic acid, [99mTc]Tc(CO)3(NTA), is a new 99mTc-renal radiopharmaceutical with a clearance equal to that of 131I-ortho-iodohippuran, [131I]I-OIH. Our purpose was to compare the performance of [99mTc]Tc(CO)3(NTA) and [99mTc]Tc-MAG3 in patients with suspected obstruction. Methods [99mTc]Tc(CO)3(NTA) was prepared with commercially available NTA ligand and CRS Isolink kit, and isolated by HPLC. Eighteen adult patients referred for diuretic renography received an intravenous injection of approximately 40 mg of furosemide 15 min prior to either [99mTc]Tc(CO)3(NTA) or [99mTc]Tc-MAG3 (mean activity of 47 ± 4.4 MBq). Data were acquired for 24 min followed by an anterior image of the liver and gall bladder and a measure of voided volume. Patients received a second furosemide injection equal to one third of the original dose followed fifteen minutes later by administration of the alternate tracer, mean activity of 320 ± 34 MBq. Clearances were measured using a camera-based technique. Results The clearance of NTA was greater than that of MAG3, 331 ± 146 versus 271 ± 105 mL/min/1.73 m2, respectively, p < 0.0001. The kidney to background ratio for NTA was greater than that of MAG3 for both left and right kidneys, p < 0.001; the 20 min/maximum count ratio was significantly less, p < 0.0001. There was no significant difference in the voiding volumes following NTA and MAG3 administration, 598 ± 237 mL versus 498 ± 170 mL, respectively, p = 0.07. Gall bladder activity was not observed with NTA but was present in 6/17 MAG3 studies. Images and renogram curves were comparable except for two patients where the NTA study excluded obstruction but the MAG3 study suggested an indeterminate or obstructed kidney. Conclusions Unlike MAG3, NTA is not eliminated via the hepatobiliary track. Moreover, NTA has a higher kidney to background ratio and more rapid clearance than MAG3. These advantages should allow more robust camera-based clearance measurements and may lead to better discrimination between obstructed and non-obstructed kidneys.

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