Prostacyclin Production By Autogenous Venous Grafts In Dogs

1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Eldor ◽  
E L Hoover ◽  
S B Pett ◽  
W A Gay ◽  
D R Alonzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Jugular Vein ◽  
Jugular Veins ◽  
Vein Grafts ◽  
Venous Grafts ◽  
System A ◽  
Radioimmune Assay ◽  
Smooth Muscle Proliferation ◽  
Prostacyclin Production

Arteries are capable of producing significantly larger quantities of prostacyclin than veins. Experiments were designed to compare the production of prostacyclin by venous autografts to that of normal veins and arteries, and to test the hypothesis that prostacyclin production by the vessel wall is related to blood pressure and flow. In 20 dogs a segment of jugular vein was interposed into the carotid system; a sham dissection was done on the opposite side. Six weeks later specimens of venous autograft, jugular vein and carotid artery were taken for histology and radioimmune assay of prostacyclin. “Arterialized” vein grafts showed prominent intima lined by endothelium, medial smooth muscle proliferation and fibrotic proliferation in adventitia. Spontaneous and arachidonic acid stimulated prostacyclin production was not significantly different in venous autografts and jugular veins. Significantly larger amounts of prostacyclin were synthesized by the carotid artery; table shows mean ± S.E. in ng/ml.We conclude that the histological and rheological changes in vein grafts do not affect prostacyclin production. While normal veins never develop atheroma, atherosclerosis is prevalent in venous autografts. The above may be explained in part by the impairment of one of the vascular defense mechanisms, namely the decreased prostacyclin production in venous grafts.

scholarly journals The Influence of the Univent® Endotracheal Tube on Internal Jugular Vein Cannulation

2005 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Schummer ◽  
C. Schummer ◽  
R. Frober ◽  
J. Fuchs ◽  
M. Simon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Endotracheal Tube ◽  
Internal Jugular Vein ◽  
Jugular Vein ◽  
Clinical Investigation ◽  
Lateral Displacement ◽  
Left Internal Jugular Vein ◽  
Jugular Veins ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Right

This prospective clinical investigation assessed the effect of placement of a Univent® tube on the anatomy of the internal jugular veins and the success of cannulation of the left internal jugular vein. After obtaining informed consent, 48 adult patients were enrolled. Of these, 42 patients were eligible and were divided into two groups: Univent® tube (group U, n=21) and wire enforced endotracheal tube (group C, n=21). The Univent® tube group were having a left thoracotomy. Using horizontal ultrasound scans just above the thyroid gland, the internal jugular vein was visualized and measured before and after Univent® placement. The number of needle passes necessary to cannulate the left internal jugular vein in the two groups was also compared. Univent® tubes were associated with lateral displacement of the right carotid artery and internal jugular vein on the convex side of the Univent® tube, with compression of the right internal jugular vein by the artery, resulting in a kidney-shaped cross-section of the vein. On the left (concave side of the tube), the neck was indented, the sheath of the left carotid artery was displaced medially, and the left internal jugular vein distorted to an ellipse. There was a significant increase in the lateral diameter and a decrease in the cross-sectional area of the left internal jugular vein (t-test, P<0.05). The first attempt at cannulation of the left internal jugular vein failed significantly more often in the Univent® group (13/21 vs 5/21 in group C, Chi-square 6.22, P=0.025). Cannulation of the internal jugular vein before placement of the Univent® tube, or placement with ultrasound guidance is suggested.

Ultrasound-guided Internal Jugular Venous Cannulation in Infants 

1999 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan T. Verghese ◽  
Willis A. McGill ◽  
Ramesh I. Patel ◽  
Jeffrey E. Sell ◽  
Frank M. Midgley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Success Rate ◽  
Internal Jugular Vein ◽  
Jugular Vein ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Jugular Veins ◽  
Physical Status Classification ◽  
American Society ◽  
Ultrasound Group ◽  
Ultrasound Scanner

Background Percutaneous cannulation of the internal jugular vein in infants is technically more difficult and carries a higher risk of carotid artery puncture than in older children and adults. In this prospective study, the authors tested their hypothesis that using an ultrasound scanner would increase the success of internal jugular cannulation and decrease the incidence of carotid artery puncture in infants. Methods After approval from the institutional review board and receipt of written informed parental consent, 95 infants scheduled for cardiac surgery were randomized prospectively into two groups. In the landmarks group, the patients' internal jugular veins were cannulated using the traditional method of palpation of carotid pulsation and identification of other anatomic landmarks. In the ultrasound group, cannulation was guided using an ultrasound scanner image. The cannulation time, number of attempts, success rate, and incidence of complications were compared for the two groups. Results There were no significant differences between the two groups with regard to weight, age, and American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status classification. The success rate was 100% in the ultrasound group, with no carotid artery punctures, and 77% in the landmarks group, with a 25% incidence of carotid artery punctures. Both differences were significant (P &gt; 0.0004). The cannulation time was less, the number of attempts was fewer, and the failure rate was significantly lower in the ultrasound group than in the landmark group. Conclusion Ultrasonographic localization of the internal jugular vein was superior to the landmarks technique in terms of overall success, speed, and decreased incidence of carotid artery puncture.

Primary chondroid chordoma arising from the base of the temporal bone

1985 ◽  
Vol 99 (5) ◽  
pp. 485-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Hasegawa ◽  
W. Nishijima ◽  
I. Watanabe ◽  
M. Nasu ◽  
R. Kamiyama
Keyword(s):  
Local Recurrence ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Internal Carotid Artery ◽  
Temporal Bone ◽  
Internal Carotid ◽  
Jugular Vein ◽  
Intracranial Extension ◽  
Mastoid Cavity ◽  
Residual Tumour ◽  
Chondroid Chordoma

AbstractA 36-year-old male with a primary chondroid is presented. This tumour arose from the base of the temporal bone and extended to the mastoid cavity. It involved the facial nerve and was adherent to the internal jugular vein and internal carotid artery. The tumour was excised and the patient has been carefully followed up for 10 years. He has shown no evidence of local recurrence, intracranial extension of the residual tumour and distant metastasis.

scholarly journals A modified technique for the production of an arterio-venous shunt in sheep, allowing a comparison of biocompatibility of synthetic materials

1990 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. A. Stertmann ◽  
H. H. Scheld ◽  
J. Kubicek ◽  
H. Fitz ◽  
H. Lukas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Drug Safety ◽  
Extracorporeal Circulation ◽  
Jugular Vein ◽  
Artificial Kidney ◽  
Modified Technique ◽  
Multiple Administration ◽  
Synthetic Materials ◽  
Venous Shunt ◽  
Clinical Impairment

Polytetrafluorethylene (PTFE) prostheses were implanted in 12 sheep as a shunt between the carotid artery and the jugular vein using an end-to-side anastomosis technique. This technique allows repeated tests of the pharmacological and toxicological safety of artificial kidney units after both single and multiple administration. Further-more, it enables the investigation of detoxification of compounds via dialysis, thus contributing to drug safety. Implantation of the prosthesis was uncomplicated. Connection to the extracorporeal circulation was achieved via catheters and maintained using a pump with an output of up to 300 ml/min. This enabled maintenance of extracorporeal circulation for several hours without clinical impairment to the animals. The AV-shunts remained functional for between 8 and 253 days (mean 112·3 days).

Spontaneous carotid—jugular fistula and carotid dissection in a patient with multiple intracranial arachnoid cysts and hemifacial atrophy: a generalized connective tissue disorder?

1995 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 546-549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wouter I. Schievink ◽  
David G. Piepgras ◽  
Douglas A. Nichols
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Internal Carotid ◽  
Jugular Vein ◽  
Connective Tissue Disorder ◽  
Carotid Artery Dissection ◽  
Arachnoid Cysts ◽  
Artery Dissection ◽  
Hemifacial Atrophy ◽  
Content Type

✓ The authors report a case of a 45-year-old woman with pulsatile tinnitus who was found to have an unusual spontaneous fistula between the petrous internal carotid artery and internal jugular vein. The fistula resolved spontaneously, possibly related to daily manual compression of the ipsilateral common carotid artery. The patient also had a contralateral carotid artery dissection, multiple intracranial arachnoid cysts, and hemifacial atrophy. Her medical history was significant for easy bruisibility, abnormal scarring, and mitral valve prolapse. This association appears unique and may represent a previously undescribed generalized connective tissue disorder.

scholarly journals Response to Letter Regarding Article, “External Carotid Artery–Internal Jugular Vein Fistula: A Complication of Internal Jugular Cannulation”

Circulation ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 114 (13) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vijay K. Sharma ◽  
Ashok W. Pereira ◽  
Benjamin K.C. Ong ◽  
Rahul Rathakrishnan ◽  
Bernard P.L. Chan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Internal Jugular Vein ◽  
Jugular Vein ◽  
External Carotid Artery ◽  
External Carotid
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