Excessive Salivation as a Hidden Comorbidity of Basal Ganglia Germ Cell Tumor

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (05) ◽  
pp. 187-190
Author(s):  
Kenichiro Kobayashi ◽  
Minoru Suehiro ◽  
Toshiro Maihara ◽  
Ikuya Usami ◽  
Toshio Heike
Keyword(s):  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Germ Cell ◽  
Germ Cell Tumor ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Cell Tumor ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Clinical Trial Registration ◽  
Excessive Salivation ◽  
Photon Emission Computed Tomography

AbstractThe progression of basal ganglia germ cell tumor (BGGCT) is slow and insidious, and the diagnosis is often delayed. We report here an 11-year-old boy with BGGCT associated with psychomotor deterioration and excessive salivation. Serial salivary gland scintigraphy and single photon emission computed tomography suggested that the dysregulation of basal ganglia to cortical circuitry accounts for the neurological comorbidity associated with BGGCT. We also found that topical scopolamine patches are safe and effective to suppress excessive salivation. Clinical Trial Registration: No.

Clinical Value of Perfusion Abnormalities of Brain on Technetium-99m HMPAO Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography in Children With Sydenham Chorea

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 316-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Maria delle Acque Giorgio ◽  
Maria Grazia Caprio ◽  
Flavia Galante ◽  
Giustina Russo ◽  
Alfonso Romano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Single Photon Emission ◽  
Sydenham Chorea ◽  
Single Photon Emission Computed ◽  
Photon Emission Computed Tomography

We evaluated whether perfusion brain abnormalities by single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging improves diagnostic and prognostic assessment in Sydenham chorea. Twenty-three children with acute autoimmune chorea underwent technetium-99m hexamethylpropyleneamine oxime brain SPECT imaging. In 16 children, SPECT was repeated during the follow-up. A pattern of basal ganglia hyperperfusion was observed in 20 (87%) patients. In 4 of 10 patients with generalized chorea, perfusion was comparable in right and left striatum and right and left thalamus. In 13 patients with hemi-chorea and in 3 with generalized chorea, unilateral hyperperfusion was detected. Three patients with generalized chorea had normal perfusion. Tracer uptake of basal ganglia of the patients at the acute phase was higher than at the follow-up ( P < .001). SPECT seems a useful noninvasive tool in pediatric patients with Sydenham chorea to support the clinicians during the acute phase of disease and to monitor the course of autoimmune chorea.

scholarly journals Dystonic Seizures and Intense Hyperperfusion of the Basal Ganglia in a Patient with Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 272-276
Author(s):  
Hideyuki Matsumoto ◽  
Hideji Hashida ◽  
Yukitoshi Takahashi
Keyword(s):  
Nmda Receptor ◽  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Caudate Nuclei ◽  
Nmda Receptor Encephalitis ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
Photon Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Main Region

This report describes a rare case presenting with dystonic seizures due to anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor encephalitis. The patient was an 18-year-old woman with repeated right-dominant dystonic seizures even under sedation. Single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) showed intense hyperperfusion of the caudate nuclei, putamen, globus pallidus, thalamus, and insula on the left side, suggesting encephalitis. Antibodies against NMDA receptors were detected in the sera and cerebrospinal fluids. Immune-mediated treatments were administered. Three months later, the dystonic seizures disappeared. We diagnosed her with anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis. SPECT suggested that the main region of encephalitis was the basal ganglia. Therefore, we propose that the patient’s dystonic seizures may originate from the insula and be generated by intense hyperactivity of the basal ganglia.

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