Prevention of Taurolithocholate-Induced Hepatic Bile Canalicular Distortions by HPLC-Characterized Extracts of Artichoke (Cynara scolymus) Leaves

Introduction: According to Rome IV, functional dyspepsia is diagnosed with presence of dyspepsia in the absence of organic or metabolic causes. FD caused by several factors such as impaired gastric accommodation and hypersensitivity to gastric distention. Several studies have reported effectiveness of herbal medicine on FD. This article, thus, reviews Persian herbal medicine in FD. Method: Electronic databases including Pubmed, Scopus, Cochrain, Embase, Web of science and Ovid were searched so as to find clinical articles related to dyspepsia and herbal medicine by July 2019. Our search strategies were traditional medicine, complementary and alternative medicine, herb, plant, and dyspepsia. We excluded all articles except Persian clinical trials. Results: We found 34 clinical trials with 15 herbs and 4 compound herbal remedies like Asparagus racemosus, Brassica oleracea, Cynara scolymus, Ocimum basilicum, Mentha longifolia, Mentha pulegium, Mentha piperata, Pimpinella anisum, Nigella sativa, Mastic gum, Curcuma longa, Pistatio atlantica, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Solanum tuberosum and Zingiber officinale and compound remedies of Rosa damascene & Crocus sativus, Trachyspermum copticom & Apium graveolence, Carum carvi & Mentha pipperata, Gingiber officinalis & Cynara scolymus are effective in functional dyspepsia. Conclusion: Many people use herbal and traditional remedies for treatment of disorders such as gastrointestinal disordersو , especially in Asian countries. Several studies reported the efficacy of herbal medicine in functional dyspepsia. Although their mechanisms are not fully understood, it seems they can modulate GI motility and improve symptoms of FD.

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Bioaccessibility of Tudela artichoke (Cynara scolymus cv. Blanca de Tudela) (poly)phenols: the effects of heat treatment, simulated gastrointestinal digestion and human colonic microbiota

Food & Function ◽

10.1039/d0fo03119d ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Maite Domínguez-Fernández ◽

Iziar A. Ludwig ◽

María-Paz De Peña ◽

Concepción Cid

Keyword(s):

Heat Treatment ◽

Gastrointestinal Digestion ◽

Cynara Scolymus ◽

Simulated Gastrointestinal Digestion ◽

Catabolic Activity ◽

Colonic Microbiota ◽

Positive Effect

Heat treatment exerts a positive effect on the bioaccessibility of artichoke (poly)phenols after gastrointestinal digestion. In the first 2 h of fermentation, native (poly)phenols were readily degraded by an important microbial catabolic activity.

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Extraluminal recanalization for postoperative biliary obstruction using transseptal needle

Surgical Case Reports ◽

10.1186/s40792-020-01080-9 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Hiroki Horinouchi ◽

Eisuke Ueshima ◽

Keitaro Sofue ◽

Shohei Komatsu ◽

Takuya Okada ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽

Bile Duct ◽

Biliary Obstruction ◽

Hepatic Duct ◽

Drainage Tube ◽

Biliary Strictures ◽

Hepatic Bile ◽

Hepatic Bile Duct ◽

Benign Biliary Strictures ◽

The Right

Abstract Background Postoperative biliary strictures are commonly related to accidental bile duct injuries or occur at the site of biliary anastomosis. The first-line treatment for benign biliary strictures is endoscopic therapy, which is less invasive and repeatable. However, recanalization for biliary complete obstruction is technically challenging to treat. The present report describes a successful case of treatment by extraluminal recanalization for postoperative biliary obstruction using a transseptal needle. Case presentation A 66-year-old woman had undergone caudal lobectomy for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. The posterior segmental branch of the bile duct was injured and repaired intraoperatively. Three months after the surgery, the patient had developed biliary leakage from the right hepatic bile duct, resulting in complete biliary obstruction. Since intraluminal recanalization with conventional endoscopic and percutaneous approaches with a guidewire failed, extraluminal recanalization using a transseptal needle with an internal lumen via percutaneous approach was performed under fluoroscopic guidance. The left lateral inferior segmental duct was punctured, and an 8-F transseptal sheath was introduced into the ostium of right hepatic duct. A transseptal needle was advanced, and the right hepatic duct was punctured by targeting an inflated balloon that was placed at the end of the obstructed right hepatic bile duct. After confirming successful puncture using contrast agent injected through the internal lumen of the needle, a 0.014-in. guidewire was advanced into the right hepatic duct. Finally, an 8.5-F internal–external biliary drainage tube was successfully placed without complications. One month after the procedure, the drainage tube was replaced with a 10.2-F drainage tube to dilate the created tract. Subsequent endoscopic internalization was performed 5 months after the procedure. At the 1-year follow-up examination, there was no sign of biliary obstruction and recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma. Conclusions Recanalization using a transseptal needle can be an alternative technique for rigid biliary obstruction when conventional techniques fail.

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