Historians, Authoritarian States and Spectator Sport, 1880–2020

Author(s):  
Robert Edelman
Keyword(s):  
1969 ◽  
Vol 15 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 99-99
Author(s):  
Dennis Scott
Keyword(s):  

2021 ◽  
pp. 089124162110316
Author(s):  
David Jian-Jia Cumming ◽  
Martin Gibbs ◽  
Wally Smith

Spectatorship is a core element of esports. Short for “electronic sports,” esports encompasses organized, professional competitive videogaming practices produced and consumed as a spectator sport. Esports’ computerized nature grants it a placeless quality, which creates ambiguities around what authentic esports spectatorship ought to be. Notably, some notions theorized prior to the emergence of contemporary esports imply that authenticity and placelessness are incompatible. We address this conundrum by presenting an ethnographic study conducted at an esports bar; a venue designed for the spectatorship of esports alongside other fans and alcohol consumption. While embodying seemingly placeless qualities, esports spectatorship nevertheless takes place in situated places. We found spectators at the bar worked to authenticate their spectatorship by drawing on conventions of legitimacy, professionalism, and spectacle from elsewhere, particularly spectator sports. Through their spectatorship, those at the bar constructed and affirmed a convention of authenticity for esports.


Author(s):  
Sungho Cho ◽  
NaRi Shin ◽  
Dae Hee Kwak ◽  
Amy Chan Hyung Kim ◽  
Won Seok Jang ◽  
...  

2004 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 317-328
Author(s):  
CYNTHIA CANNADY

For many developing countries trading in intellectual property has been a spectator sport. Active play in the high stakes game of ‘trading in knowledge’ has been for a few wealthy countries whose institutions and citizens own intellectual property (IP). These IP-owner countries have the equipment needed to play – the funding systems, patent lawyers, marketing support services, and thriving government subsidized research labs and universities – enabling them to turn their research and development into IP, intangible but highly valuable financial assets. In the game of ‘trading in knowledge’, capturing strategic IP portfolios is the goal, and lucrative licensing contracts are the touchdown.


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