Sportswomanship: The Cultural Acceptance of Sport for Women versus the Accommodation of Cultured Women in Sport

Female involvement and accomplishments within sport have reached unprecedented levels. This has been due, in part, to the passing and enforcement of Title IX. Yet, few films have embraced female achievement in sport as indicated through their depiction as heroines (ìsheroesî). The author analyzed the salient similarities and differences between the depiction of women in sport theme feature films (sport films) before and after Title IX. Emphasis was placed on the aggregate number of sport films, type and content, and perceived social and cultural significance of female depictions. Content analysis and archival research methodologies were employed. These included the systematic examination and coding of all identified American sport films highlighting heroines from 1930-1999 (N = 41), as well as the analysis of critical reviews of the sport films which were unavailable for viewing. Based upon results there has been a notable increase in the depiction of women as heroines in sport films after Title IX. However, like their predecessors, women’s athletic prowess was trivialized in many of the films by their comedic themes and attentions to heterosexual attractiveness. These findings, as well as others, raise intriguing questions regarding the messages communicated through sport films.

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Women with Disability, Paralympics, and Reasoned Action Contact Theory

Women in Sport and Physical Activity Journal ◽

10.1123/wspaj.2.2.51 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 51-60 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Claudine Sherrill

Keyword(s):

Feminist Theory ◽

Physical Disability ◽

Reasoned Action ◽

Contact Theory ◽

Equal Access ◽

Women In Sport ◽

The World ◽

Race Ethnicity ◽

Underrepresentation Of Women ◽

Women With Disability

The underrepresentation of women in the Paralympics movement warrants attention as the world prepares for Atlanta 1996, when Paralympics (conducted after the Summer Olympics) will attract approximately 3,500 athletes with physical disability or visual impairment from 102 countries. Barriers that confront women with disability, the Paralympic movement, and adapted physical activity as a profession and scholarly discipline that stresses advocacy and attitude theories are presented. Two theories (reasoned action and contact) that have been tested in various contexts are woven together as an approach particularly applicable to women in sport and feminists who care about equal access to opportunity for all women. Women with disability are a social minority that is both ignored and oppressed. Sport and feminist theory and action should include disability along with gender, race/ethnicity, class, and age as concerns and issues.

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Images of women in sport and physical education part 2: Building and integrating a digital exhibit site into the classroom

Journal of Electronic Resources Librarianship ◽

10.1080/1941126x.2018.1465515 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 30 (2) ◽

pp. 70-83

Author(s):

Brenda L. Meese ◽

Julia Chance Gustafson

Keyword(s):

Physical Education ◽

Women In Sport ◽

Images Of Women

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Pushing Boundaries: Women in Sport and Exercise Conference, St Mary’s University, Twickenham, June 11–12, 2019

Women in Sport and Physical Activity Journal ◽

10.1123/wspaj.2019-0050 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 28 (1) ◽

pp. 53-54

Author(s):

Nicola Brown ◽

Jacky Forsyth ◽

Rachael Bullingham ◽

Claire-Marie Roberts

Keyword(s):

Women In Sport ◽

Sport And Exercise

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Lawful Solutions For Violation On Women In Sports

Acta Facultatis Educationis Physicae Universitatis Comenianae ◽

10.1515/afepuc-2015-0011 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 55 (2) ◽

pp. 97-111

Author(s):

Zuzana Sakáčová

Keyword(s):

Violence Against Women ◽

Slovak Republic ◽

Codes Of Conduct ◽

Legal Aspects ◽

Right To Life ◽

Women In Sport ◽

Sport Activities ◽

The Right ◽

Women In Sports ◽

The Relationship

Summary This contribution deals with the legal aspects and acts of violence against a group of women in sport. Discussions about violence in society and thus on violence in sport are often associated with people's thoughts about the moral state of society as a whole. Violence against women is one of the most widespread violations of human dignity. It represents a violation of human rights, namely the right to life, the right to safety, the right to dignity, the right to physical and mental integrity. It is desirable to raise awareness about the prevention of sexual violence at all levels. We have to focus on preventive precautions to support projects to fight violence and intolerance in sport, to develop codes of conduct that determine the relationship between athletes, relations between men and women, as well as relations between coaches and officials, relations between parents and coaches. The Slovak Republic is only at the beginning of the way of creating the relationship between law and sport. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the legal awareness of sport as a tool for regulation in sport activities.

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