A Water Quality Improvement Approach for the San Joaquin River Basin

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lowell F. Ploss ◽  
Byron M. Buck
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Quality Improvement ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Water Quality Improvement ◽  
San Joaquin River

What Price for Ecosystem Services in China?

2017 ◽  
pp. 176-198
Author(s):  
Haixia Zheng ◽  
Stale Navrud ◽  
Shiran Shen
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Quality Improvement ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Contingent Valuation Method ◽  
Policy Instrument ◽  
Miyun Reservoir ◽  
Water Quality Improvement ◽  
Value Of Water

Payment for Environmental Services (PES) in the watershed has been widely adopted as an important policy instrument to compensate upstream water users for providing water quality improvement for the whole river basin. In this paper, we use three independent valuation methods to determine the price of ecosystem service (ES), particularly water quality, in Miyun Reservoir, the main surface water source for Beijing. We find that the value of water quality is lowest using opportunity cost of limitation of development rights (OCLDR), highest with contingent valuation method (CVM), and water resources benefits assessment (WRBA) gives an in-between value. OCLDR determines the size of subsidies from those that benefit from water quality improvement from upstream. WRBA is a reference for compensation criteria to the upstream government and farmers when water resources are transferred across jurisdictional boundaries. CVM not only captures the direct value of water quality improvement, but also the indirect value of improvement in other ecosystem services as a result of improvement in water quality. Based on the results, we propose a multi-level ecological compensation system for the Miyun Reservoir river basin. We use OCLDR to determine subsides/ compensation to upstream farmers and other suppliers of the ES; WRBA set the price of water transfer; and CVM to figure out the size of payments for integrated water quality improvement.

What Price for Ecosystem Services in China?

2017 ◽  
pp. 171-192
Author(s):  
Haixia Zheng ◽  
Stale Navrud ◽  
Shiran Shen
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Quality Improvement ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Contingent Valuation Method ◽  
Policy Instrument ◽  
Miyun Reservoir ◽  
Water Quality Improvement ◽  
Value Of Water

Payment for Environmental Services (PES) in the watershed has been widely adopted as an important policy instrument to compensate upstream water users for providing water quality improvement for the whole river basin. In this paper, we use three independent valuation methods to determine the price of ecosystem service (ES), particularly water quality, in Miyun Reservoir, the main surface water source for Beijing. We find that the value of water quality is lowest using opportunity cost of limitation of development rights (OCLDR), highest with contingent valuation method (CVM), and water resources benefits assessment (WRBA) gives an in-between value. OCLDR determines the size of subsidies from those that benefit from water quality improvement from upstream. WRBA is a reference for compensation criteria to the upstream government and farmers when water resources are transferred across jurisdictional boundaries. CVM not only captures the direct value of water quality improvement, but also the indirect value of improvement in other ecosystem services as a result of improvement in water quality. Based on the results, we propose a multi-level ecological compensation system for the Miyun Reservoir river basin. We use OCLDR to determine subsides/ compensation to upstream farmers and other suppliers of the ES; WRBA set the price of water transfer; and CVM to figure out the size of payments for integrated water quality improvement.

scholarly journals Simulating the Impact of Water Quality Improvement Measures for Nutrient-Sensitive River Basins with the Aquatox Model

10.29007/5q94 ◽  
2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alper Elçi ◽  
Selma Ayaz ◽  
Sebnem Aynur
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Quality Improvement ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Multiple Models ◽  
Water Quality Improvement ◽  
Diffuse Source ◽  
The Future ◽  
Improvement Measures ◽  
The Impact

Water quality modelling studies are effective tools for the prediction of the impact of water quality improvement measures. This study aims to predict the future water quality of a nutrient-sensitive river basin assuming the implementation of water quality improvement measures by setting up and executing multiple models. The rationale behind the use of multiple models is the better suitability of each model for its relevant objective. Hydrodynamics of the river are simulated using the WASP model. Following the estimation of diffuse-source nutrient loadings in the river basin with the SWAT model, water quality of the river is simulated with a multi-segment Aquatox model. All models are calibrated to one year of observed data. Models are first executed to obtain the current water quality status and then to predict the water quality for the period of 2016-2040. For the future persion, it is assumed that measures are taken to reduce point-source and diffuse-source pollutant loadings. Model results suggest that load reductions are expected to be effective and that improvement in water quality can be predicted for all water quality indicators. TKN concentrations vary between 0.11-2.13 mg/l with the highest mean concentration occurring during the months of January. TP concentrations are expected to have a higher variability (0.032-0.65 mg/l).

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