Edge-pixel referencing suppresses correlated baseline noise in heterodyned spectroscopies

2020 ◽  
Vol 152 (9) ◽  
pp. 094201
Author(s):  
Kevin C. Robben ◽  
Christopher M. Cheatum
Keyword(s):  
Edge Pixel ◽  
Baseline Noise

scholarly journals The Quiet Project – UK Acoustic Community’s response to COVID19 during the easing of lockdown

Noise Mapping ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Dance ◽  
Lindsay McIntyre
Keyword(s):  
Future Research ◽  
Publicly Funded ◽  
Private Companies ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
Baseline Noise ◽  
Acoustic Community ◽  
Noise Data ◽  
Public Organisations ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Time Critical

Abstract The COVID-19 lockdown created a new kind of environment both in the UK and globally, never experienced before or likely to occur again. A vital and time-critical working group was formed with the aim of gathering crowd-source high quality baseline noise levels and other supporting information across the UK during the lock-down and subsequent periods. The acoustic community were mobilised through existing networks engaging private companies, public organisations and academics to gather data in accessible places. In addition, pre-existing on-going measurements from major infrastructure projects, airport, and planning applications were gathered to create the largest possible databank. A website was designed and developed to advertise the project, provide instructions and to formalise the uploading of noise data, observations and soundscape feedback. Two case studies gathered in the latter stage of full lockdown are presented in the paper to illustrate the changes in the environmental noise conditions relative to transport activity. Ultimately the databank will be used to establish the relation to other impacts such as air quality, air traffic, economic, and health and wellbeing. As publicly funded research the databank will be made publicly available to assist future research.

scholarly journals Cytosine Deamination Is a Major Cause of Baseline Noise in Next-Generation Sequencing

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 587-593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guoli Chen ◽  
Stacy Mosier ◽  
Christopher D. Gocke ◽  
Ming-Tseh Lin ◽  
James R. Eshleman
Keyword(s):  
Next Generation Sequencing ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Cytosine Deamination ◽  
Baseline Noise ◽  
Generation Sequencing

Development of six-DOF welding robot with machine vision

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (34n36) ◽  
pp. 1840079
Author(s):  
Wensheng Huang ◽  
Hongli Xu
Keyword(s):  
Machine Vision ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Target Location ◽  
Industrial Robots ◽  
Welding Robot ◽  
Edge Pixel ◽  
Six Dof ◽  
Hardware Processing

The application of machine vision to industrial robots is a hot topic in robot research nowadays. A welding robot with machine vision had been developed, which is convenient and flexible to reach the welding point with six degrees-of-freedom (DOF) manipulator, while the singularity of its movement trail is prevented, and the stability of the mechanism had been fully guaranteed. As the precise industry camera can capture the optical feature of the workpiece to reflect in the camera’s CCD lens, the workpiece is identified and located through a visual pattern recognition algorithm based on gray scale processing, on the gradient direction of edge pixel or on geometric element so that high-speed visual acquisition, image preprocessing, feature extraction and recognition, target location are integrated and hardware processing power is improved. Another task is to plan control strategy of control system, and the upper computer software is programmed in order that multi-axis motion trajectory is optimized and servo control is accomplished. Finally, prototype was developed and validation experiments show that the welding robot has high stability, high efficiency, high precision, even if welding joints are random and workpiece contour is irregular.

scholarly journals Mechanisms Underlying Regulation of Respiratory Pattern by Nicotine in PreBötzinger Complex

2001 ◽  
Vol 85 (6) ◽  
pp. 2461-2467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuesi M. Shao ◽  
Jack L. Feldman
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Frequency ◽  
Neonatal Rat ◽  
Respiratory Pattern ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Baseline Noise ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Inspiratory Neurons ◽  
Excitatory Neurotransmission ◽  
Prebotzinger Complex ◽  
Prebötzinger Complex

Cholinergic neurotransmission plays a role in regulation of respiratory pattern. Nicotine from cigarette smoke affects respiration and is a risk factor for sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) and sleep-disordered breathing. The cellular and synaptic mechanisms underlying this regulation are not understood. Using a medullary slice preparation from neonatal rat that contains the preBötzinger Complex (preBötC), the hypothesized site for respiratory rhythm generation, and generates respiratory-related rhythm in vitro, we examined the effects of nicotine on excitatory neurotransmission affecting inspiratory neurons in preBötC and on the respiratory-related motor activity from hypoglossal nerve (XIIn). Microinjection of nicotine into preBötC increased respiratory frequency and decreased the amplitude of inspiratory bursts, whereas when injected into XII nucleus induced a tonic activity and an increase in amplitude but not in frequency of inspiratory bursts from XIIn. Bath application of nicotine (0.2–0.5 μM, approximately the arterial blood nicotine concentration immediately after smoking a cigarette) increased respiratory frequency up to 280% of control in a concentration-dependent manner. Nicotine decreased the amplitude to 82% and increased the duration to 124% of XIIn inspiratory bursts. In voltage-clamped preBötC inspiratory neurons (including neurons with pacemaker properties), nicotine induced a tonic inward current of −19.4 ± 13.4 pA associated with an increase in baseline noise. Spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents (sEPSCs) present during the expiratory period increased in frequency to 176% and in amplitude to 117% of control values; the phasic inspiratory drive inward currents decreased in amplitude to 66% and in duration to 89% of control values. The effects of nicotine were blocked by mecamylamine (Meca). The inspiratory drive current and sEPSCs were completely eliminated by 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione (CNQX) in the presence or absence of nicotine. In the presence of tetrodotoxin (TTX), low concentrations of nicotine did not induce any tonic current or any increase in baseline noise, nor affect the input resistance in inspiratory neurons. In this study, we demonstrated that nicotine increased respiratory frequency and regulated respiratory pattern by modulating the excitatory neurotransmission in preBötC. Activation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) enhanced the tonic excitatory synaptic input to inspiratory neurons including pacemaker neurons and at the same time, inhibited the phasic excitatory coupling between these neurons. These mechanisms may account for the cholinergic regulation of respiratory frequency and pattern.

Your brain on bikes: P3, MMN/N2b, and baseline noise while pedaling a stationary bike

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 927-937 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna E. M. Scanlon ◽  
Alex J. Sieben ◽  
Kevin R. Holyk ◽  
Kyle E. Mathewson
Keyword(s):  
Baseline Noise

scholarly journals Probabilistic characterisation of baseline noise in STR profiles

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 107-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ullrich J. Mönich ◽  
Ken Duffy ◽  
Muriel Médard ◽  
Viveck Cadambe ◽  
Lauren E. Alfonse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Baseline Noise

scholarly journals Modeling nonlinear errors in surface electromyography due to baseline noise: A new methodology

2011 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 202-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Frey Law ◽  
Chandramouli Krishnan ◽  
Keith Avin
Keyword(s):  
Surface Electromyography ◽  
Baseline Noise ◽  
Nonlinear Errors

Comparison of Omegawave Device and an Ambulatory ECG for RR Interval Measurement at rest

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Naranjo-Orellana ◽  
José Francisco Ruso-Álvarez ◽  
José Luis Rojo-Álvarez
Keyword(s):  
Cross Correlation ◽  
Digital Processing ◽  
Altman Analysis ◽  
Rr Intervals ◽  
Rr Interval ◽  
Electrocardiogram Signals ◽  
Baseline Noise ◽  
Processing Techniques ◽  
High Pass ◽  
Strong Agreement

AbstractThe aim of this study was to validate the measurements of the beat intervals taken at rest by the Omegawave® device by comparing them to an ambulatory electrocardiogram system. For this purpose, the electrocardiogram was digitally processed, time-aligned, and scrutinized for its suitable use as gold-standard. Rest measurements were made for 10 minutes on 5 different days to 10 men and 3 women (24.8±5.05 years; 71.82±11.02 kg; 174.35±9.13 cm). RR intervals were simultaneously recorded using the Omegawave device and a Holter electrocardiogram. The processing of Holter electrocardiogram signals included the detrending of baseline noise and a high-pass filtering for emphasizing the QRS complexes and attenuating the T waves. After obtaining the RR intervals from the electrocardiogram, those from the Omegawave device were automatically aligned to them with cross-correlation digital processing techniques and compared to check whether both measurements could be considered superimposable. A Bland-Altman analysis was applied to the 5 measurements made for all subjects. The Omegawave device exhibited very strong agreement with a quality-controlled Holter electrocardiogram. Deviations not exceeding 25 ms could be expected in 95% of the cases, which is within manageable ranges both for clinical practice and for sports.

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