Cytogenetical and cytotaxonomical analysis of some Brazilian species of Eleocharis (Cyperaceae)

Karyotype analysis of 21 samples of 11 species of Eleocharis (Cyperaceae) from 10 localities in Brazil, showed the presence of chromosomes without primary constrictions and parallel movement of chromatids at metaphase–anaphase transition. Only the terminal nucleolar constrictions (satellites) were visualised. The chromosome numbers varied from 2n = 6 in E. subarticulata to 2n = 54 in E. acutangula, but the chromosome basic number x = 5 was confirmed. Generally, C-CMA3+ bands appear mostly in the extremities of the chromosomes, associated to NOR, and interstitial C-CMA3 bands were found only in E. geniculata and E. acutangula. C-DAPI+ bands were not found. Fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) with the 45S rDNA probe was performed in five species. The results showed from four to eight hybridisation signals, always terminal. The analysed species include representatives of the following three subgenera of Eleocharis that occur in Brazil: Limnochloa, Scirpidium and Eleocharis. Species from the subgenus Limnochloa have small and numerous chromosomes. The remaining species, belonging to subgenera Eleocharis and Scirpidium, possess fewer and larger chromosomes. In subgenus Eleocharis, karyotypes of the section Eleocharis were differentiated by symploidy, agmatoploidy and polyploidy, whereas species of the section Eleogenus were all polyploids. Polyploidy seems to be the most frequent event in the karyotype differentiation in Eleocharis, but changes in the chromosome size and repetitive DNA sites were also observed.

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Karyotype analysis of Lablab purpureus (L.) Sweet using fluorochrome banding and fluorescence in situ hybridisation with rDNA probes

Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding ◽

10.17221/32/2015-cjgpb ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 51 (No. 3) ◽

pp. 110-116 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Ch.-W. She ◽

X.-H. Jiang

Keyword(s):

Karyotype Analysis ◽

In Situ Hybridisation ◽

Fluorochrome Banding ◽

Fluorescence In Situ Hybridisation ◽

Lablab Purpureus

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Karyotype analysis of Lilium longiflorum and Lilium rubellum by chromosome banding and fluorescence in situ hybridisation

Genome ◽

10.1139/g01-066 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 44 (5) ◽

pp. 911-918 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Ki-Byung Lim ◽

Jannie Wennekes ◽

J Hans de Jong ◽

Evert Jacobsen ◽

Jaap M van Tuyl

Keyword(s):

In Situ Hybridisation ◽

5S Rdna ◽

Lilium Longiflorum ◽

Fluorescence In Situ Hybridisation ◽

45S Rdna ◽

C Banding ◽

Rdna Sequences ◽

Rdna Signal ◽

5S And 45S Rdna

Detailed karyotypes of Lilium longiflorum and L. rubellum were constructed on the basis of chromosome arm lengths, C-banding, AgNO3 staining, and PI-DAPI banding, together with fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) with the 5S and 45S rDNA sequences as probes. The C-banding patterns that were obtained with the standard BSG technique revealed only few minor bands on heterologous positions of the L. longiflorum and L. rubellum chromosomes. FISH of the 5S and 45S rDNA probes on L. longiflorum metaphase complements showed overlapping signals at proximal positions of the short arms of chromosomes 4 and 7, a single 5S rDNA signal on the secondary constriction of chromosome 3, and one 45S rDNA signal adjacent to the 5S rDNA signal on the subdistal part of the long arm of chromosome 3. In L. rubellum, we observed co-localisation of the 5S and 45S rDNA sequences on the short arm of chromosomes 2 and 4 and on the long arms of chromosomes 2 and 3, and two adjacent bands on chromosome 12. Silver staining (Ag-NOR) of the nucleoli and NORs in L. longiflorum and L. rubellum yielded a highly variable number of signals in interphase nuclei and only a few faint silver deposits on the NORs of mitotic metaphase chromosomes. In preparations stained with PI and DAPI, we observed both red- and blue-fluorescing bands at different positions on the L. longiflorum and L. rubellum chromosomes. The red-fluorescing or so-called reverse PI-DAPI bands always coincided with rDNA sites, whereas the blue-fluorescing DAPI bands corresponded to C-bands. Based on these techniques, we could identify most of chromosomes of the L. longiflorum and L. rubellum karyotypes.Key words: fluorescence in situ hybridisation, FISH, 5S rDNA, 45S rDNA, C-banding, reverse PI-DAPI banding.

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Karyotype analysis of Lilium longiflorum and Lilium rubellum by chromosome banding and fluorescence in situ hybridisation

Genome ◽

10.1139/gen-44-5-911 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 44 (5) ◽

pp. 911-918 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Ki-Byung Lim ◽

Jannie Wennekes ◽

J. Hans de Jong ◽

Evert Jacobsen ◽

Jaap M. van Tuyl

Keyword(s):

Chromosome Banding ◽

Karyotype Analysis ◽

In Situ Hybridisation ◽

Lilium Longiflorum ◽

Fluorescence In Situ Hybridisation

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Rapid Multi-Hybridisation FISH Screening for Balanced Porcine Reciprocal Translocations Suggests a Much Higher Abnormality Rate Than Previously Appreciated

Cells ◽

10.3390/cells10020250 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 250

Author(s):

Rebecca E O’Connor ◽

Lucas G Kiazim ◽

Claudia C Rathje ◽

Rebecca L Jennings ◽

Darren K Griffin

Keyword(s):

Semen Analysis ◽

In Situ Hybridisation ◽

Economic Loss ◽

Environmental Damage ◽

Fluorescence In Situ Hybridisation ◽

Reciprocal Translocations ◽

Chromosome Translocations ◽

Farrowing Rate ◽

Significant Economic Loss

With demand rising, pigs are the world’s leading source of meat protein; however significant economic loss and environmental damage can be incurred if boars used for artificial insemination (AI) are hypoprolific (sub-fertile). Growing evidence suggests that semen analysis is an unreliable tool for diagnosing hypoprolificacy, with litter size and farrowing rate being more applicable. Once such data are available, however, any affected boar will have been in service for some time, with significant financial and environmental losses incurred. Reciprocal translocations (RTs) are the leading cause of porcine hypoprolificacy, reportedly present in 0.47% of AI boars. Traditional standard karyotyping, however, relies on animal specific expertise and does not detect more subtle (cryptic) translocations. Previously, we reported development of a multiple hybridisation fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) strategy; here, we report on its use in 1641 AI boars. A total of 15 different RTs were identified in 69 boars, with four further animals XX/XY chimeric. Therefore, 4.5% had a chromosome abnormality (4.2% with an RT), a 0.88% incidence. Revisiting cases with both karyotype and FISH information, we reanalysed captured images, asking whether the translocation was detectable by karyotyping alone. The results suggest that chromosome translocations in boars may be significantly under-reported, thereby highlighting the need for pre-emptive screening by this method before a boar enters a breeding programme.

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