Probing the Ground-State δ Effect of Group 14 Metal Substituents. X-Ray Structures of cis- and trans-4-Trimethylmetal-Substituted Cyclohexyl p-Nitrobenzenesulfonates

1998 ◽  
Vol 51 (7) ◽  
pp. 555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison J. Green ◽  
Victor Van ◽  
Jonathan M. White
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Ground State ◽  
Structural Studies ◽  
Structural Effects ◽  
Group 14 ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Bond Interaction ◽  
Cis And Trans

Accurate low-temperature X-ray structural studies on trans-4-trimethylsilylcyclohexyl p-nitrobenzene- sulfonate (31) and cis- and trans-4-trimethylstannylcyclohexyl p-nitrobenzenesulfonates (32) and (33) failed to demonstrate the presence of any significant structural effects due to a σM-C-σC-C-σ*C-O through-bond interaction between the C–M σ donor orbital and the σ*C-ONs acceptor orbital.

Influence of Trimethylsilyl Substituents on Primary C - O Bond Lengths at the b-Position: Results from Low-Temperature X-Ray Structural Studies

1997 ◽  
Vol 50 (9) ◽  
pp. 927 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison J. Green ◽  
William Issa ◽  
Jonathan M. White
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Ester Bond ◽  
Structural Studies ◽  
Structural Effects ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Bond Lengths

The β-trimethylsilyl substituent in 2-trimethylsilylethyl p-nitrobenzoate (12b) and 2-trimethylsilylethyl 2,4-dinitrobenzenesulfenate (12c) leads to significant lengthening of the C(alkyl)–O(ester) bond. Lengthening of the Si-CH2 distance in the more electronegative ester (12c) relative to (12b) is also observed. These structural effects are consistent with the presence of σC-Si–σ* C-O interactions.

The Through-Bond Interaction of a Sulfur Lone Pair with Oxygenated Substituents in the Thiacyclohexane Framework

2005 ◽  
Vol 58 (7) ◽  
pp. 531
Author(s):  
Laura Andrau ◽  
Jonathan M. White
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Crystal Structures ◽  
Bond Distance ◽  
Lone Pair ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ester Derivative ◽  
Bond Interaction ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
Electron Demand

Low-temperature X-ray crystal structures were determined on a range of derivatives of 4-thiacyclohexanol 5a of varying electron demand with a view to finding evidence for a through-bond interaction between the sulfur lone pair and the oxygenated substituent. In contrast to earlier suggestions, plots of C–OR bond distance versus pKa (ROH) showed that any interaction between the sulfur and the OR group is unlikely to be of a through-bond origin. Furthermore, unimolecular solvolysis rate measurements on the nosylate ester derivative 5g showed that the sulfur actually retards the reaction slightly in comparison with the corresponding sulfur-free analogue 6.

Cobalt(II) and nickel(II) complexes of some bidentate imidazoline ligands. Stereochemically dependent derealization in the imidazoline rings

1970 ◽  
Vol 48 (19) ◽  
pp. 3076-3088 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. B. P. Lever ◽  
B. S. Ramaswamy ◽  
S. H. Simonsen ◽  
L. K. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Double Bond ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Cis And Trans ◽  
Imidazoline Ring

Tetrahedral and octahedral cobalt(II), and square and octahedral nickel(II) complexes of 1,2-bis(2′-imidazolin-2′-yl)benzene, 1,2-bis(2′-imidazolin-2′-yl)ethane, and some imidazoline ring methyl substituted ligands are reported. The structures are confirmed by three X-ray structural analyses, magnetism, and electronic and vibrational (conventional and far i.r.) spectroscopy. Both cis and trans octahedral complexes of the type M(ligand)2(NCS)2 [M = Co(II), Ni(II)] have been characterized, and none of these exhibit splitting of the v(CN)(NCS) absorption in the i.r. spectrum at room temperature. Low temperature studies reveal splitting of the v(CN) band in the cis isomers. Both 13C and 15N satellite absorption is identified. The delocalization of the double bond in the imidazoline rings in these complexes is discussed in terms of the i.r. and X-ray data.

Kristallstrukturen, Schwingungsspektren und Normalkoordinatenanalyse von cis- und trans-[ReCl4 (NCSe)(SeCN)]2- / Crystal Structures, Vibrational Spectra, and Normal Coordinate Analysis of cis- and trans-[ReCl4 (NCSe)(SeCN)]2-

1999 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 357-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Strueß ◽  
W. Preetz
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Crystal Structures ◽  
Normal Coordinate Analysis ◽  
Monoclinic Space Group ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Normal Coordinate ◽  
Space Group ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Cis And Trans ◽  
Ir And Raman

The crystal structures of cis-(n-Bu4N)2[ReCl4(NCSe)(SeCN)] (monoclinic, space group P21/n a = 10.794(3), b = 11.687(3), c = 35.716(4) Å, β = 96.97(1)°, Z = 4) and trans- (CH2Py2)[ReCl4(NCSe)(SeCN)] (monoclinic, space group P21/c, a = 8.348(2), b = 7.518(1), c - 31.295(7) Å, ß = 97.12(2)°, Z = 4) have been determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Based on the molecular parameters of the X-ray determinations the low temperature (10 K) IR and Raman spectra of the (n-Bu4N) salts have been assigned by normal coordinate analysis. The valence force constants are fd(ReN) = 1.68 and fd(ReSe) =1.15 mdyn/Å.

X-ray Structural Analysis for the Prediction on the Nature of the Retro Diels - Alder Pathway: Concerted or Stepwise. Structural Studies on Nitrosobenzene Cycloadducts

2009 ◽  
Vol 62 (12) ◽  
pp. 1695 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesse Roth-Barton ◽  
Jonathan M. White
Keyword(s):  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Crystal Structures ◽  
Diels Alder ◽  
Structure Parameters ◽  
Structural Studies ◽  
Structural Effects ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Clear Differentiation

Crystal structures of nitrosobenzene cycloadducts 5–7 reveal structural effects consistent with the early stages of the retro Diels–Alder fragmentation. There is a clear differentiation between the structure parameters of cycloadduct 5, which reacts by a concerted synchronous pathway and that of cycloadduct 6, which must react by a two-step pathway. Based on these data, cycloadduct 7 is predicted to react by a highly asynchronous or two-step pathway.

Structural Studies of a Series of Organic Non-Linear Optical Materials

1997 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 812-821 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Cole ◽  
J. M. Cole ◽  
G. H. Cross ◽  
M. Farsari ◽  
J. A. K. Howard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structures ◽  
Ground State ◽  
Optical Materials ◽  
Dipole Moments ◽  
Solvent Polarity ◽  
Structural Studies ◽  
Acta Cryst ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Solution State ◽  
X Ray Crystallography

The crystal structures of {4-[bis(diethylamino)methylium]phenyl}dicyanomethanide (I), {4-[cyano(4-methylpiperidyl)methylium]phenyl } dicyanomethanide (II), {4-[cyano(1-pyrrolidinyl)methylium]phenyl}dicyanomethanide (IV) and (Z)-{4-[1,3-dicyano-3-(diethylamino)-2-propenylium]phenyl} dicyanomethanide have been determined by X-ray crystallography. Together with (Z)-{4-[1-cyano-3-(diethylamino)-2-propenylium]phenyl}dicyanomethanide [(III): Cole, J. C., Howard, J. A. K., Cross, G. H. & Szablewski, M. (1995). Acta Cryst. C51, 715–718], these compounds exhibit varying degrees of quinoidal characteristics and yet have predominantly zwitterionic ground state character. The presence of high dipole moments in the crystal can thus be inferred and are substantiated by measurements of high solution-state dipole moments. Negative solvatochromism (hypsochromism on increasing solvent polarity) confirms the zwitterionic character in at least two of the series.

X-Ray Structural Analysis of Ester and Ether Derivatives of 4,5-endo,endo-9,10-Dimethanonaphthalene-11-ol: Evidence for π - σCO* Participation in the Ground State

2008 ◽  
Vol 61 (12) ◽  
pp. 956 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wesley Jackson ◽  
Jonathan M. White
Keyword(s):  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Weak Interaction ◽  
Ground State ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Diels Alder ◽  
Oxygen Probe ◽  
Structural Effects ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Carbon Carbon Bond ◽  
Derivatives Of

Application of the variable oxygen probe to the polycyclic alcohol 11 and its crystalline ester and ether derivatives provides evidence for a weak interaction between the neighbouring homo-allylic π-system and the C–OR bond; there is no evidence for interaction with the remote π-system. Analysis of the carbon–carbon bond distances in 11–14 reveals structural effects consistent with the manifestation of one of the two possible retro-Diels–Alder reactions in the ground state.

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