Higgs mode in (2 + 1)-dimensional O(2) model

In this paper, we investigate the spectral functions of the Higgs mode in [Formula: see text] model, which can be experimentally realized in a two-dimensional Bose gas. Zero temperature limit is considered. Our calculation fully includes the 2-loop contributions. Peaks show up in the spectral functions of both the longitudinal and the scalar susceptibilities. Thus, this model cannot explain the disappearance of the response at the weak interaction limit. Neither it can explain the similarity between the longitudinal and the scalar susceptibilities in the visibility of the Higgs mode. A possible lower peak at about [Formula: see text] is also noted.

Studies of the weak interaction in atomic systems: Towards measurements of atomic parity non-conservation in francium

Tests of the Standard Model of particle physics should be carried out over the widest possible range of energies. Here we present our plans and progress for an atomic parity non-conservation experiment using the heaviest alkali, francium (Z = 87), which has no stable isotope. Low-energy tests of this kind have sensitivity complementary to higher energy searches, e.g. at the Large Hadron Collider.

How Quarks can be derived to Weak Interaction and Spin Classification with respect to the Pauli Exclusion

In this paper, we will strive to derive how quarks relate to spin classification and weak interactions with respect to the Pauli exclusion principle. Papers such as [2] and [3] inspired us to investigate quarks and their connections to weak interaction and spin classification. Being able to understand the inner workings of quarks would help scientists understand how physics work at the smallest level. By deriving it to contemporary physics concepts such as weak interaction, it would allow us to understand how very recent discoveries such as quarks work in the presence of interactions not designed for them. We will present research that attempt to construct how quarks work in weak interactions and prove how quarks play a crucial part in spin classification through using quark models that show why quarks are constrained by the Pauli exclusion principle and tables that show how they affect spin classification through their own properties and spin identifiers. Understanding these interactions will help contribute to every physicist always growing understanding of quarks and will help integrate modeling into the studying of quarks. Quarks are a crucial part of physics at the smallest level and this paper will contribute to knowledge already known and could be used to help other scientists learn more and publish new research about quarks.

Consideration of Additive Quantum Numbers of Fermions and Their Conservations

Two new flavor quantum numbers D and U for down and up quarks, respectively, are introduced, and then quark quantum number H is proposed as the sum of the flavor quantum numbers of quarks. Moreover, lepton quark-like quantum number HL and finally fermion quantum number F are brought forward. Old and new additive quantum numbers are conserved at three different levels in weak interaction, and F builds up a clear relationship to the electric charge of fermions.

Pb2+-Containing Metal-Organic Rotaxane Frameworks (MORFs)

The metal-organic rotaxane framework (MORF) structures with the advantage of mechanically interlocking molecules (MIMs) have attracted intense interest from the chemical community. In this study, a set of MORFs (i.e., MORF-Pb-1 and MORF-Pb-2) are constructed using Pb2+, a tetraimidazolium macrocycle (Texas-sized molecular box; 14+), and aromatic dicarboxylate (p-phthalate dianions (PTADAs; 2) or 2,6-naphthalene dicarboxylate dianions (3)) via a one-pot three-layer diffusion protocol. In particular, an unusual Pb…Pb weak interaction was shown in MORF-Pb-1 (charactered with distance of 3.656 Å).