Morphological and molecular systematics of the ‘Monanchora arbuscula complex’ (Poecilosclerida : Crambeidae), with the description of five new species and a biogeographic discussion of the genus in the Tropical Western Atlantic

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo L. Esteves ◽  
Thiago S. de Paula ◽  
Clea Lerner ◽  
Gisele Lôbo-Hajdu ◽  
Eduardo Hajdu
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Marine Sponges ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Western Atlantic ◽  
Eastern Brazil ◽  
Centres Of Diversity ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Rrna Sequences ◽  
16S Rrna Sequences

Monanchora Carter, 1883 is a genus of shallow-water marine sponges comprising 16 species distributed worldwide, two of them in the Tropical Western Atlantic (TWA): M. arbuscula (Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864) and M. brasiliensis Esteves, Lerner, Lôbo-Hajdu & Hajdu, 2012. The former species stands out as one of the most variable demosponges, and is very similar in spicule complement and in secondary metabolite chemistry to the Mediterranean/eastern Atlantic Crambe crambe (Schmidt, 1862), type species of Crambe Vosmaer, 1880. The aim of the present study was to revise the genus Monanchora in the TWA. In addition, we critically analyse the monophyly of Crambe and Monanchora. Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian Inference analyses of 28S and 16S rRNA sequences of the latter genera, and a redescription of the ‘M. arbuscula complex’, revealed three species: M. arbuscula s.s., M. coccinea, sp. nov. and a new species of Acarnidae – Iophon parvachela, sp. nov. Three other new species from the TWA previously assigned to Monanchora were revealed by morphological analyses, and are also described: M. bahamensis, sp. nov., M. megasigmifera, sp. nov. and a new species of Chondropsidae – Batzella catarinensis, sp. nov. A key for species identification is provided. Our results suggest that the Eastern Brazil and Southeastern Brazil Ecoregions may represent centres of diversity for Monanchora in the TWA.

First finding of the shrimp genus Harperalpheus Felder & Anker, 2007 in the eastern Pacific, with description of a new species from Bahía Málaga, Colombia (Malacostraca: Decapoda: Alpheidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4329 (2) ◽  
pp. 196 ◽  
Author(s):  
ARTHUR ANKER ◽  
JUAN FELIPE LAZARUS
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Eastern Pacific ◽  
Western Atlantic ◽  
Holotype Specimen ◽  
First Finding ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Antennular Peduncle

A new infaunal species of the rare alpheid genus Harperalpheus Felder & Anker, 2007 is described from Bahía Málaga,  Pacific coast of Colombia, based on single, incomplete holotype specimen. Harperalpheus leptodactylus sp. nov. may be easily separated from the western Atlantic type species and only other species of the genus, H. pequegnatae Felder & Anker, 2007, by several morphological characters on the first and fifth pereiopod, as well as on the antennular peduncle. 

scholarly journals Sparisoma rocha, a new species of parrotfish (Actinopterygii: Labridae) from Trindade Island, South-western Atlantic

Zootaxa ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2493 (1) ◽  
pp. 59 ◽  
Author(s):  
HUDSON TERCIO PINHEIRO ◽  
JOÃO LUIZ GASPARINI ◽  
IVAN SAZIMA
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Black Spot ◽  
Colour Pattern ◽  
Terminal Phase ◽  
Western Atlantic ◽  
Pectoral Fins ◽  
Eastern Brazil ◽  
Trindade Island ◽  
A New Species

A new species of parrotfish, Sparisoma rocha sp. n., is described from Trindade Island off South-eastern Brazil. It differs from its Western Atlantic congeners by the unique colour pattern of live and freshly preserved individuals: initial phase red overall with a brownish shade from lower jaw to over the abdominal cavity, sparse orange blotches on head, and pale circumpeduncular band; terminal phase reddish brown with orange stripe from jaw angle to end of preopercle, sparse orange blotches on head, three pinkish to reddish stripes from about midline to dorsum, from midline to belly pale greyish green to whitish with suffusion of pale reddish brown, a black spot on base of pectoral fins and a bright-yellow blotch below this spot. Additionally, mitochondrial 12S and 16S rRNA loci sequences do not match any known Sparisoma species. The new parrotfish increases to six the species of the genus Sparisoma recorded from South-western Atlantic.

scholarly journals A new species of Characidium (Characiformes: Crenuchidae) from coastal basins in the Atlantic Rainforest of eastern Brazil, with phylogenetic and phylogeographic insights into the Characidium alipioi species group

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Evandro Malanski ◽  
Luisa Maria Sarmento-Soares ◽  
Ana Cecilia Gomes Silva-Malanski ◽  
Maridiesse Morais Lopes ◽  
Leonardo Ferreira da Silva Ingenito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Caudal Peduncle ◽  
Body Depth ◽  
Eastern Brazil ◽  
Coastal Basins ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Pelvic Fin

ABSTRACT A new species of Characidium from southeastern Brazil is described based on morphological and molecular evidence from specimens collected between the rio Jucuruçu and rio Doce basins. The new species belongs to a group of species within Characidium with an unscaled area in the isthmus and is distinguished from these species, except C. alipioi, C. fasciatum, C. hasemani, and C. kamakan, by the greater distance (greater than 10% SL) and presence of 5-7 scales between the anus and the anal fin, and presence of 14 series of scales around the caudal peduncle. The species is distinguished from C. alipioi by having 4 series of scales above the lateral line (vs. 5 series) and greater distance between the anus and the anal fin; from C. fasciatum and C. kamakan, by the smaller body depth at the dorsal-fin origin, at the anal-fin origin, and at the caudal peduncle; from C. hasemani, by the short distances between the tip of the snout and the pelvic fin, the tip of the snout and the anal fin, and the tip of the snout and the tip of anal fin. The new species forms a presumably monophyletic group with C. alipioi and C. kamakan.

Trichomycterus argos (Teleostei: Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae), a new species from the Doce River Basin, Eastern Brazil

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3352 (1) ◽  
pp. 60 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANTÔNIO QUEIROZ LEZAMA ◽  
MAURO L. TRIQUES ◽  
PATRÍCIA S. SANTOS
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Pectoral Fin ◽  
Dorsal Fin ◽  
Eastern Brazil ◽  
Fin Ray ◽  
Eye Diameter ◽  
Doce River ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Pelvic Fin

Trichomycterus argos, new species, is described from the Rio Doce basin, situated in the Serra do Brigadeiro (part of theSerra da Mantiqueira) range, southeastern Brazil. The new species is diagnosed by the following characteristics: presenceof six branched rays in the pectoral fin; presence of pelvic fins; tip of nasal barbels extending to posterior border of oper-cular plate of odontodes; presence of a large foramen for ramus lateralis accessorius facialis, visible in dorsal view, in theparietosupraoccipital bone; transverse and straight border between the parietosupraoccipital and frontal bones; pectoral-fin ray prolonged as a filament; body covered with spots that seldom attain eye diameter; pelvic-fin origin placed one or two ocular diameters anterior to dorsal-fin origin; abscence of spots fused as elongated marks on dorsum or flank.

scholarly journals The Neotropical caddisfly genus Tolhuaca (Trichoptera:  Glossosomatidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 1063 (1) ◽  
pp. 53 ◽  
Author(s):  
DESIREE R. ROBERTSON ◽  
RALPH W. HOLZENTHAL
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Female Genitalia ◽  
Disjunct Distribution ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Wing Venation ◽  
Taxonomic History ◽  
First Time ◽  
A New Species

The caddisfly genus Tolhauca Schmid 1964 (Glossosomatidae: Protoptilinae) is diagnosed and discussed in the context of other protoptiline genera, and a review of its taxonomic history is provided. A new species, Tolhuaca brasiliensis, from southeastern Brazil, is described and illustrated, and the type species, Tolhuaca cupulifera Schmid 1964, from Chile, is redescribed and illustrated. Additionally, females of the genus are described and illustrated for the first time. Characters of the female genitalia, wing venation, and thorax suggest that Tolhuaca is more primitive than any other protoptiline genus and probably deserves a basal placement within the subfamily. The genus shows a broadly disjunct distribution perhaps reflecting an ancient southern Gondwana pattern.

Sparisoma tuiupiranga, a new species of parrotfish (Perciformes: Labroidei: Scaridae) from Brazil, with comments on the evolution of the genus

Zootaxa ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 384 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOÃO LUIZ GASPARINI ◽  
JEAN-CHRISTOPHE JOYEUX ◽  
SERGIO R. FLOETER
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Terminal Phase ◽  
Body Proportions ◽  
Body Depth ◽  
Western Atlantic ◽  
Rocky Reefs ◽  
Gill Raker ◽  
A New Species

Sparisoma tuiupiranga sp. n. is described from the holotype and six paratypes obtained from two coastal islands of southeastern Brazil (20° S). The species shares with S. atomarium (Poey) a number of characteristics, including the single mid-ventral scale posterior to the insertion of the pelvic fins. It differs in respect to numerous other characters, among them heavier body proportions (body depth 42.5–47.0 %SL vs. 33.2–36.5 in S. atomarium), longer snout (13.1–14.6 %SL vs. 9.4–10.6), smaller orbit diameter (6.0–7.9 %SL vs. 8.0–10.2), higher gill raker number (17–18 vs. 12–16), darker terminal phase color (both in life and alcohol-preserved), and larger size (to 154.4mm SL vs. about 81). The known distribution extends from about 18° S to 27° S in the western Atlantic. This predominantly scraping species inhabits rocky reefs and associated macroalgae beds. The clade S. atomarium–S. tuiupiranga appears to be basal in the phylogeny of Sparisoma. The idea that one can partition scarinines and sparisomatines by historical association with different habitats (coral reefs vs. seagrass) seems too simplistic.

A remarkable new species of Multumbo showing sexual dimorphism, with the transfer of Multumbo and Piassagera to the Hernandariinae  (Opiliones, Gonyleptidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 1558 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARCIO B. DASILVA ◽  
ADRIANO B. KURY
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Records ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Monotypic Genus ◽  
Complex Scenario ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Janeiro State

A new species of Multumbo Roewer, 1927 (Gonyleptidae: Hernandariinae), M. dimorphicus sp. nov., is described from Rio de Janeiro state, southeastern Brazil. It presents sexual dimorphism in leg IV, contrasting remarkably with the type species of the hitherto monotypic genus Multumbo and the closest genera (Piassagera Roewer, 1928 and Pseudotrogulus Roewer, 1932), which were all thought to have lost this dimorphism. The presence of sexual dimorphism in M. dimorphicus implies a complex scenario of loss or reversal of this character. New records are given of type species of genus, Multumbo terrenus Roewer, 1913, for which a lectotype is designated. New diagnoses are provided for Hernandariinae and Multumbo. Multumbo and Piassagera are transferred from the Gonyleptinae to the Hernandariinae.Uma nova espécie de Multumbo Roewer, 1927, M. dimorphicus sp. nov., é descrita do estado do Rio de Janeiro. Ela apresenta dimorfismo sexual na perna IV, condição em notável contraste com a espécie-tipo do até então gênero monotípico Multumbo e com os gêneros mais relacionados, Piassagera Roewer, 1928 e Pseudotrogulus Roewer, 1932, nos quais esse dimorfismo era considerado como perdido. A presença de dimorfismo sexual em M. dimorphicus sugere um complexo cenário de perda ou reversão desse dimorfismo. Também foram incluídos novos registros da espécie-tipo do gênero, Multumbo terrenus Roewer, 1913, e um lectótipo é designado. Novas diagnoses para Hernandariinae and Multumbo são apresentadas. Multumbo e Piassagera são aqui transferidos de Gonyleptinae para Hernandariinae.

Lyngbya regalis sp. nov. (Oscillatoriales, Cyanophyceae), a new tropical marine cyanobacterium

Phytotaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 367 (2) ◽  
pp. 120 ◽  
Author(s):  
EMILY CURREN ◽  
SANDRIC CHEE YEW LEONG
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
Novel Species ◽  
Cross Wall ◽  
Marine Cyanobacterium ◽  
Heterocystous Cyanobacterium ◽  
Ecological Characteristics ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Rrna Sequences ◽  
16S Rrna Sequences

A new species of tropical marine cyanobacterium was isolated from the coast of Singapore. Lyngbya regalis is a filamentous, non-heterocystous cyanobacterium that forms a brown-green macroscopic thallus of filaments that are straight to wavy. Filaments are enclosed in a transparent, lamellated sheath with distinct cross-wall constrictions observed and apical cells that are widely rounded. The combined phenotypic, phylogenetic (16S rRNA sequences) and ecological characteristics observed indicate that Lyngbya regalis is a novel species within the genus Lyngbya C. Agardh ex Gomont.

scholarly journals The Neotropical caddisfly genus Canoptila (Trichoptera: Glossosomatidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 1272 (1) ◽  
pp. 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
DESIREE R. ROBERTSON ◽  
RALPH W. HOLZENTHAL
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Hind Wing ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Unique Combination ◽  
Taxonomic History ◽  
A New Species

The caddisfly genus Canoptila Mosely (Glossosomatidae: Protoptilinae), endemic to southeastern Brazil, is diagnosed and discussed in the context of other protoptiline genera, and a brief summary of its taxonomic history is provided.  A new species, Canoptila williami, is described and illustrated, including a female, the first known for the genus.  Additionally, the type species, Canoptila bifida Mosely, is redescribed and illustrated.  There are three possible synapomorphies supporting the monophyly of Canoptila: 1) the presence of long spine-like posterolateral processes on tergum X; 2) the highly membranous digitate parameres on the endotheca; and 3) the unique combination of both forewing and hind wing venational characters.

New species of Clathria (Microciona) (Poecilosclerida: Microcionina: Microcionidae) from the Tropical South-western Atlantic Ocean (Sergipe State, north-eastern Brazil)

2015 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joana Sandes ◽  
Ulisses Pinheiro
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Western Atlantic ◽  
Western Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Eastern Brazil ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
A New Species

Clathria is one of the most species-rich genera among Demospongiae, but only nine species have been recorded so far from Brazil. Here we describe a new species of Clathria (Microciona) collected by trawling in waters of Sergipe State (north-eastern Brazil). The new species is differentiated from other encrusting Clathria with a hymedesmioid skeleton by the possession of a combination of long thin subectosomal subtylostyles, two category sizes of acanthostyles, both erect and echinating the basal spongin skeleton, long slightly curved choanosomal principal subtylostyles with tuberculate spine heads and wing-shaped toxas as microscleres.

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