scholarly journals Sparisoma rocha, a new species of parrotfish (Actinopterygii: Labridae) from Trindade Island, South-western Atlantic

Zootaxa ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2493 (1) ◽  
pp. 59 ◽  
Author(s):  
HUDSON TERCIO PINHEIRO ◽  
JOÃO LUIZ GASPARINI ◽  
IVAN SAZIMA
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Black Spot ◽  
Colour Pattern ◽  
Terminal Phase ◽  
Western Atlantic ◽  
Pectoral Fins ◽  
Eastern Brazil ◽  
Trindade Island ◽  
A New Species

A new species of parrotfish, Sparisoma rocha sp. n., is described from Trindade Island off South-eastern Brazil. It differs from its Western Atlantic congeners by the unique colour pattern of live and freshly preserved individuals: initial phase red overall with a brownish shade from lower jaw to over the abdominal cavity, sparse orange blotches on head, and pale circumpeduncular band; terminal phase reddish brown with orange stripe from jaw angle to end of preopercle, sparse orange blotches on head, three pinkish to reddish stripes from about midline to dorsum, from midline to belly pale greyish green to whitish with suffusion of pale reddish brown, a black spot on base of pectoral fins and a bright-yellow blotch below this spot. Additionally, mitochondrial 12S and 16S rRNA loci sequences do not match any known Sparisoma species. The new parrotfish increases to six the species of the genus Sparisoma recorded from South-western Atlantic.

scholarly journals Ocellus-bearing Neobythites species (Teleostei: Ophidiidae) from the West Atlantic with description of a new species

Zootaxa ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 2228 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
JØRGEN G. NIELSEN ◽  
FRANZ UIBLEIN ◽  
MICHAEL M. MINCARONE
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Black Spot ◽  
Caribbean Sea ◽  
The West ◽  
Dorsal Fin ◽  
Eastern Brazil ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Small Black Spot ◽  
Year 2000 ◽  
A New Species

Three species of the ophidiid genus Neobythites containing ocelli in the dorsal fin are known from the West Atlantic: Neobythites gilli Goode and Bean 1885, N. ocellatus Günther 1887 and N. monocellatus Nielsen 1999. In the year 2000, 18 specimens of Neobythites were caught on the upper continental slope off eastern Brazil. This is the first documented record of a Neobythites specimen off Brazil since the holotype of N. ocellatus was caught in 1873. Seventeen of the specimens are referable to N. ocellatus and one to N. monocellatus. Until now the distribution of N. ocellatus was considered to be from off Atlantic Florida, the Caribbean Sea and then a gap of 4500 km to the type locality off Brazil. However, the holotype and the 17 specimens differ from the more northerly recorded specimens in pattern and number of spots and ocelli on the dorsal fin. The 18 Brazilian specimens have two distinct ocelli, one near the origin of the dorsal fin and one above the midpoint of the fish, and further back occasionally a small, black spot, while the northern specimens occasionally have a small, black spot near the origin of the fin, a distinct ocellus above the midpoint and up to three ocelli further posteriorly. Consequently a new species, N. multiocellatus, is described based on 59 specimens from the Caribbean Sea to off Atlantic Florida. The record of the N. monocellatus specimen extends its distribution about 3000 km southwards. A comparison of the four ocellus-bearing species from the West Atlantic is made.

Cinetorhynchus gabonensis, a new species of hinge-beak shrimp (Crustacea: Decapoda: Rhynchocinetidae) from the eastern Atlantic

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4664 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-205
Author(s):  
ZDENĚK ĎURIŠ ◽  
ANNA ŠOBÁŇOVÁ ◽  
PETER WIRTZ
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Colour Pattern ◽  
Western Atlantic ◽  
West Pacific ◽  
The Third ◽  
White Spots ◽  
A New Species

A new species of the rhynchocinetid genus Cinetorhynchus, C. gabonensis sp. n. from the Atlantic waters of Gabon, is described based on morphological and molecular comparisons and its distinctive colour pattern. This is the second known species of the genus in the eastern Atlantic, and the third species in the Atlantic as the whole. The new species is more closely related to the western Atlantic C. manningi, both having quadrispinose ambulatory dactyli (i.e. with unguis + 3 ventral spinules), but differs from the latter by the presence of an arthrobranch on the three anterior pereiopods (vs only on the first pereiopod in C. manningi). The branchial formula of the new species is consistent with most of the Indo-West Pacific congeners, and with the amphi-Atlantic C. rigens; the latter possessing trispinose ambulatory dactyli. Other distinctions of the new species from its congeners are in the carpal and meral spinulation of the ambulatory legs, and in the posterolateral and posteroventral armament of pleomeres IV and V. Cinetorhynchus gabonensis sp. n. differs from both known Atlantic congeners also by a specific colour pattern which is dense deep-red mottled with a pair of small white spots delineated by deep-red broad rings on the top of the third pleomere. 

Sparisoma tuiupiranga, a new species of parrotfish (Perciformes: Labroidei: Scaridae) from Brazil, with comments on the evolution of the genus

Zootaxa ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 384 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOÃO LUIZ GASPARINI ◽  
JEAN-CHRISTOPHE JOYEUX ◽  
SERGIO R. FLOETER
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Terminal Phase ◽  
Body Proportions ◽  
Body Depth ◽  
Western Atlantic ◽  
Rocky Reefs ◽  
Gill Raker ◽  
A New Species

Sparisoma tuiupiranga sp. n. is described from the holotype and six paratypes obtained from two coastal islands of southeastern Brazil (20° S). The species shares with S. atomarium (Poey) a number of characteristics, including the single mid-ventral scale posterior to the insertion of the pelvic fins. It differs in respect to numerous other characters, among them heavier body proportions (body depth 42.5–47.0 %SL vs. 33.2–36.5 in S. atomarium), longer snout (13.1–14.6 %SL vs. 9.4–10.6), smaller orbit diameter (6.0–7.9 %SL vs. 8.0–10.2), higher gill raker number (17–18 vs. 12–16), darker terminal phase color (both in life and alcohol-preserved), and larger size (to 154.4mm SL vs. about 81). The known distribution extends from about 18° S to 27° S in the western Atlantic. This predominantly scraping species inhabits rocky reefs and associated macroalgae beds. The clade S. atomarium–S. tuiupiranga appears to be basal in the phylogeny of Sparisoma. The idea that one can partition scarinines and sparisomatines by historical association with different habitats (coral reefs vs. seagrass) seems too simplistic.

New species of Clathria (Microciona) (Poecilosclerida: Microcionina: Microcionidae) from the Tropical South-western Atlantic Ocean (Sergipe State, north-eastern Brazil)

2015 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joana Sandes ◽  
Ulisses Pinheiro
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Western Atlantic ◽  
Western Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Eastern Brazil ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
A New Species

Clathria is one of the most species-rich genera among Demospongiae, but only nine species have been recorded so far from Brazil. Here we describe a new species of Clathria (Microciona) collected by trawling in waters of Sergipe State (north-eastern Brazil). The new species is differentiated from other encrusting Clathria with a hymedesmioid skeleton by the possession of a combination of long thin subectosomal subtylostyles, two category sizes of acanthostyles, both erect and echinating the basal spongin skeleton, long slightly curved choanosomal principal subtylostyles with tuberculate spine heads and wing-shaped toxas as microscleres.

scholarly journals Description of a new species of cynopoeciline killifish (Cyprinodontiformes, Aplocheilidae), possibly extinct, from the Atlantic Forest of south-eastern Brazil

ZooKeys ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 867 ◽  
pp. 73-85
Author(s):  
Wilson J. E. M. Costa
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Colour Pattern ◽  
Conservation Priorities ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Eastern Brazil ◽  
Moist Forest ◽  
Special Concern ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Janeiro State

Specimens found between 1985 and 1988 in the Magé River Basin, south-eastern Brazil were misidentified as L.splendens. The recent rediscovery of other specimens in the Estrela River Basin near the type locality of L.splendens has clarified the species’ concept, making it possible to recognise the Magé River Basin specimens as a new species. The new species is herein described as Leptopanchaxsanguineussp. nov. and is distinguished from all other cynopoecilines by a unique colour pattern in males, including red bars with sinuous margins. It was collected in a well-preserved, temporary shallow swampy area within dense moist forest, but since 1990 the species has not been found again. Leptopanchaxsanguineussp. nov. is one of three species of cynopoeciline killifishes living in lowland moist forests of the coastal plains of Rio de Janeiro State, where the greatest diversity of endemic cynopoecilines is concentrated. Each of these species has been recorded a single time in the last 30 years, a surprisingly low record attributable to intense deforestation during the last several decades resulting in small fragmented lowland moist forests of today. This study indicates that seasonal killifishes adapted to uniquely live in this kind of habitat should be regarded with special concern in studies evaluating conservation priorities.

Morphological and molecular systematics of the ‘Monanchora arbuscula complex’ (Poecilosclerida : Crambeidae), with the description of five new species and a biogeographic discussion of the genus in the Tropical Western Atlantic

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo L. Esteves ◽  
Thiago S. de Paula ◽  
Clea Lerner ◽  
Gisele Lôbo-Hajdu ◽  
Eduardo Hajdu
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Marine Sponges ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Western Atlantic ◽  
Eastern Brazil ◽  
Centres Of Diversity ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Rrna Sequences ◽  
16S Rrna Sequences

Monanchora Carter, 1883 is a genus of shallow-water marine sponges comprising 16 species distributed worldwide, two of them in the Tropical Western Atlantic (TWA): M. arbuscula (Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864) and M. brasiliensis Esteves, Lerner, Lôbo-Hajdu & Hajdu, 2012. The former species stands out as one of the most variable demosponges, and is very similar in spicule complement and in secondary metabolite chemistry to the Mediterranean/eastern Atlantic Crambe crambe (Schmidt, 1862), type species of Crambe Vosmaer, 1880. The aim of the present study was to revise the genus Monanchora in the TWA. In addition, we critically analyse the monophyly of Crambe and Monanchora. Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian Inference analyses of 28S and 16S rRNA sequences of the latter genera, and a redescription of the ‘M. arbuscula complex’, revealed three species: M. arbuscula s.s., M. coccinea, sp. nov. and a new species of Acarnidae – Iophon parvachela, sp. nov. Three other new species from the TWA previously assigned to Monanchora were revealed by morphological analyses, and are also described: M. bahamensis, sp. nov., M. megasigmifera, sp. nov. and a new species of Chondropsidae – Batzella catarinensis, sp. nov. A key for species identification is provided. Our results suggest that the Eastern Brazil and Southeastern Brazil Ecoregions may represent centres of diversity for Monanchora in the TWA.

Encrusting Sabellariidae (Annelida: Polychaeta) in rhodolith beds, with description of a new species of Sabellaria from the Brazilian coast

2010 ◽  
Vol 91 (2) ◽  
pp. 425-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Souza Dos Santos ◽  
Pablo Riul ◽  
Ana Claudia Dos Santos Brasil ◽  
Martin Lindsey Christoffersen
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Brazilian Coast ◽  
Subtidal Zone ◽  
Coralline Red Algae ◽  
Western Atlantic ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Eastern Brazil ◽  
First Occurrence ◽  
A New Species

Rhodoliths or maërl are calcareous nodules of coralline red algae growing unattached to the substrata. They sustain a high biodiversity, being one of the most important marine benthic environments dominated by macrophytes. Sabellariidae are tube-dwelling filter feeding marine polychaetes that build their tubes by secreting cement from their thoracic glands. Some species are solitary, while others build tubes together, forming large aggregates. This study analyses Sabellariidae collected in rhodolith beds along the subtidal zone of the coast of João Pessoa and Cabedelo, Paraíba, north-eastern Brazil. A total of 100 individuals of six species were identified. Four are reported for the first time for the north-east coast of Brazil: Phragmatopoma caudata Mörch (1863), Sabellaria bella Grube (1870), Sabellaria nanella Chamberlin (1919), and Sabellaria wilsoni Lana & Gruet (1989). The first occurrence of Sabellaria pectinata Fauvel (1923) along the western Atlantic is provided as well as the description of a new species of the genus Sabellaria.

A new species of Thorecta (Porifera: Demospongiae) from the western Atlantic, with remarks on the taxonomy of the genus

2010 ◽  
Vol 90 (4) ◽  
pp. 775-782 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josivete P. Santos ◽  
Suzane M. da Silva ◽  
Paulo H.O. Bonifácio ◽  
Eduardo L. Esteves ◽  
Ulisses S. Pinheiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Northern Coast ◽  
Western Atlantic ◽  
Eastern Brazil ◽  
Potiguar Basin ◽  
The Family ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
History Of ◽  
A New Species

The family Thorectidae includes 23 valid genera and 130 species, characterized by the presence of laminated fibres and diplodal choanocytye chambers. Currently the genus Thorecta comprises approximately 20 valid species, distributed mainly in the Indo-Pacific. We describe here a new species of Thorecta that is the only valid species of the genus described in the Atlantic Ocean so far. Samples were collected by trawling on board of the RV ‘Astro Garoupa’ in Potiguar Basin, on the northern coast of Rio Grande do Norte State, north-eastern Brazil. Thorecta atlantica sp. nov. is greyish-brown to dark brownish-grey and presents a distinctive globular or clavulate shape, with 1–2 large apical oscules that open to deep atria. It was found between 61 and 160 m depth. A literature survey suggests that many species referred to Thorecta should be relocated to different genera due to absence of diagnostic characters, and that the genus Thorecta should group only 11 species: T. carteri, T. marginalis, T. prima, T. lata, T. farlovi, T. meandrina, T. polygona, T. reticulata, T. tuberculata, T. vasiformis and T. atlantica sp. nov. The tortuous history of the genus is an example of the damage that poorly-described species can cause to classification. Detailed descriptions of fresh material, well illustrated by photographs and including as many characters as possible, are essential tools for the clarification of the systematics of Thorecta in the future.

A new species of Stoeba (Demospongiae: Astrophorida) from oceanic islands off north-eastern Brazil

2007 ◽  
Vol 87 (6) ◽  
pp. 1387-1393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Moraes ◽  
Guilherme Muricy
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
First Record ◽  
Oceanic Islands ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Western Atlantic ◽  
Eastern Brazil ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Fernando De Noronha ◽  
A New Species

The genus Stoeba has 11 recognized species. Herein we describe a new species of Stoeba endemic from two oceanic archipelagoes off north-eastern Brazil (Fernando de Noronha and São Pedro e São Paulo), constituting the first record of this genus for the western Atlantic. Stoeba latex sp. nov. is characterized by its thickly encrusting to massive shape, stretched surface, brownish-red colour, and spiculation of calthrops and sanidasters with well developed spines; dichotriaenes and oxeas are absent. Stoeba and Dercitus are very closely related genera, and should probably be merged. The genus Stoeba now contains the following valid species: S. dissimilis, S. exostotica, S. extensa, S. lesinensis, S. natalensis, S. occulta, S. pauper, S. plicata, S. reptans, S. simplex, S. syrmatita and S. latex sp. nov. Several other species still await description. A key to the valid species of Stoeba is given.

scholarly journals A new species of scaly blenny of the genus Labrisomus (Actinopterygii: Labrisomidae) from the tropical West Atlantic

Zootaxa ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 2015 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
IVAN SAZIMA ◽  
ALFREDO CARVALHO-FILHO ◽  
JOÃO LUIZ GASPARINI ◽  
CRISTINA SAZIMA
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Dark Spot ◽  
Rocky Shores ◽  
Southwestern Atlantic ◽  
Western Atlantic ◽  
Light Blue ◽  
Dorsal Fin ◽  
Fernando De Noronha ◽  
A New Species

A new species of scaly blenny, Labrisomus conditus sp. n., is described from Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, off northeastern Brazil. It differs from its Western Atlantic congeners by the following combination of characters: nuchal cirri when depressed not reaching dorsal-fin origin, 68 to 73 lateral line scales, first and second dorsal-fin spines slightly shorter than third spine and not flexible, numerous pale dots overall (light blue in life), opercular dark spot with incomplete and diffuse broad pale margin (orange in life). The new species is a territorial bottom-dweller in rocky shores and is found among algae and in crevices at depths from 0.5 to 6 m. Labrisomus conditus sp. n. feeds mostly on crustaceans (crabs, amphipods) and molluscs (snails, bivalves). The new species increases to five the species within the genus Labrisomus recorded from Southwestern Atlantic.

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