Genetic Variation in the Effects of Root Impedance on Growth and Transpiration Rates of Wheat and Barley

1992 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 109 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Masle
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Relative Growth Rate ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Net Assimilation Rate ◽  
Root Penetration ◽  
Lower Sensitivity ◽  
Soil Resistance ◽  
Assimilation Rate ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Net Assimilation

Genotypes of wheat and barley, including modern and landrace lines, were compared in their response to soil resistance to root penetration during the early vegetative phase (up to 5 leaf stage). All genotypes exhibited reduced growth and transpiration rates at high soil resistance, but there was large variation in the magnitude and time course of these effects and in the mechanisms underlying the growth reduction (changes in net assimilation rate, carbon partitioning within the plant, relative effects of leaf primordia development, versus growth of expanding leaves). Similar wide ranges of responses were observed among landrace and modern wheats. In both wheat and barley, the genotypes with lower sensitivity to soil resistance, in terms of relative growth rate, were those with the slowest net assimilation rate and root growth rate at low soil resistance, and those for which carbon allocation to the impeded roots, relative to the shoot, was significantly increased, to the extent that root relative growth rate even became greater (in terms of mass, not of length) than on loose soil. For a number of genotypes, growth was slowed down throughout the experiment whereas for others it was reduced only during the first few days following germination. In contrast, transpiration rate was at all stages lower at high than at low soil resistance. This indicates that the effects of soil resistance to root penetration on stomatal conductance involve different controls - or different sensitivities to a common signal - from those operating on cell division and expansion.

scholarly journals Growth of marandu palisadegrass subjected to strategies of intermittent stocking

2009 ◽  
Vol 66 (6) ◽  
pp. 733-741 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Aparecida Giacomini ◽  
Sila Carneiro da Silva ◽  
Daniel Oliveira de Lucena Sarmento ◽  
Cauê Varesqui Zeferino ◽  
Salim Jacaúna Souza Júnior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Relative Growth Rate ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Crop Growth ◽  
Net Assimilation Rate ◽  
Assimilation Rate ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Crop Growth Rate ◽  
Net Assimilation

Grazing strategies alter sward leaf area patterns of growth, affecting herbage accumulation and utilisation. The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the growth of marandu palisadegrass (Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu) swards subjected to strategies of intermittent stocking. The experiment was carried out in Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil, from October/2004 to September/2005. Swards were grazed at 95 and 100% canopy light interception (LI) to post-grazing heights of 10 and 15 cm, following a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement with four replications in a randomised complete block design. The response variables evaluated were: crop growth rate, relative growth rate, net assimilation rate, leaf area ratio and leaf weight ratio. In early and late spring, the highest crop growth rate was recorded for treatment 95/15 (11.2 and 10.1 g m-2 day-1, respectively), along with high values of net assimilation rate (4.4 and 6.9 g m-2 day-1, respectively), leaf area ratio (0.0095 and 0.0103 m-2 g-1, respectively) and leaf weight ratio (0.56 and 0.56 g g-1, respectively). To compensate reductions in net assimilation rate plants made some morphological and physiological adjustments increasing leaf area and leaf weight ratio. Relative growth rate and net assimilation rate were 26 and 50% higher, respectively, on swards grazed at 95% than at 100% LI. In early spring treatments 100/10 and 95/15 resulted in the highest relative growth rate (0.086 and 0.059 g m-2 day-1, respectively). Treatment 95/15 resulted in the most favourable pattern of growth (crop growth rate, relative growth rate, net assimilation rate), particularly during the transition period between winter and spring.

scholarly journals Seed Yield of Mungbean (Vigna radiata(L.) Wilczek) in relation to Growth and Developmental Aspects

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M. A. Mondal ◽  
A. B. Puteh ◽  
M. A. Malek ◽  
M. R. Ismail ◽  
M. Y. Rafii ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Relative Growth Rate ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Net Assimilation Rate ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Flower Initiation ◽  
Assimilation Rate ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Net Assimilation

Growth parameters such as leaf area (LA), total dry mass (TDM) production, crop growth rate (CGR), relative growth rate (RGR), and net assimilation rate (NAR) were compared in six varieties of mungbean under subtropical condition (24°8′ N 90°0′ E) to identify limiting growth characters for the efficient application of physiology breeding for higher yields. Results revealed that a relatively smaller portion of TDM was produced before flower initiation and the bulk of it after anthesis. The maximum CGR was observed during pod filling stage in all the varieties due to maximum leaf area (LA) development at this stage. Two plant characters such as LA and CGR contributed to the higher TDM production. Results indicated that high yielding mungbean varieties should possess larger LA, higher TDM production ability, superior CGR at all growth stages, and high relative growth rate and net assimilation rate at vegetative stage which would result in superior yield components.

Comparative analysis of 1st-year growth in six deciduous tree species

1980 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Farmer Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Relative Growth Rate ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Net Assimilation Rate ◽  
Deciduous Tree ◽  
Assimilation Rate ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Quercus Species ◽  
Net Assimilation

Classical growth analysis was used to examine the basis of major variation in seedling growth characteristics among and within six deciduous tree species in nursery beds. A combination of high investment in leaf area and substantial net assimilation rate accounted for the high relative growth rate of Liriodendrontulipifera L. and Prunusserotina Ehrh.; these species also produced the largest seedlings in the test. Final weight of four Quercus species was closely associated with initial leaf area established at germination; Q. rubra L. and Q. prinus L. had the largest seedlings despite having net assimilation rates lower than Q. alba L. and Q. ilicifolia Wangenh., the smallest seedlings in the test. Within species, relative growth rate was significantly correlated with both net assimilation rate and relative growth rate of leaf area. Leaf area partition coefficient was positively correlated with relative growth rate in L. tulipifera, P. serotina, and Q. rubra but not in Q. alba, Q. prinus, and Q. ilicifolia.

Studies on the nutrition of pasture plants in the South-west of Western Australia. IV The Growth of Subterranueum Clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.) as affected by lime, molybdenum, and Potassium

1952 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 244 ◽  
Author(s):  
RC Rossiter
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Relative Growth Rate ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Trifolium Subterraneum ◽  
Net Assimilation Rate ◽  
Assimilation Rate ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Minimum Requirements ◽  
Net Assimilation ◽  
Pasture Plants

The results of a pot-culture experiment in which subterranean clover was grown on a coarse siliceous sand slightly acid in reaction are presented. Maximum yields resulted from application of potassium, together with either molybdenum or lime. The lime X molybdenum interaction was almost always negative, but its magnitude varied with time and potassium: in the absence of potassium it diminished in magnitude, but increased markedly in its presence. The lime X potassium and molybdenum X potassium interactions were strongly positive during the later stages of growth, but only in the absence of molybdenum and lime respectively. The effects of treatment on leaf-weight and leaf-area ratio were not closely related to those on relative growth rate. The latter were determined primarily by treatment effects on net assimilation rate. Both relative growth rate and net assimilation rate were increased by potassium. The results provide further support for the findings of Anderson and Oertel (1946) that, in legumes, nitrogen is the primary nutrient concerned in the response to lime and molybdenum, and that the molybdenum concentration gives little indication of the minimum requirements for satisfactory growth. The possible effect of lime on the transport of molybdenum from roots to tops is discussed.

Variation in relative growth rate of 20 Aegilops species (Poaceae) in the field: The importance of net assimilation rate or specific leaf area depends on the time scale

2005 ◽  
Vol 272 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 11-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Villar ◽  
Teodoro Marañón ◽  
José Luis Quero ◽  
Pilar Panadero ◽  
Francisco Arenas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Relative Growth Rate ◽  
Specific Leaf Area ◽  
Time Scale ◽  
Net Assimilation Rate ◽  
Assimilation Rate ◽  
Aegilops Species ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Net Assimilation

scholarly journals Analysis of Plant Growth and Yield in Varieties of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Grafted onto Different Eggplant Rootstocks

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Evy Latifah ◽  
Amik Krismawati ◽  
Mohammad Saeri ◽  
Zainal Arifin ◽  
Bas Warsiati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Relative Growth Rate ◽  
Net Assimilation Rate ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Assimilation Rate ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Net Assimilation

This study aimed to examine plant growth of tomato grafted onto different eggplant rootstocks. We applied a randomized block design comprising twelve treatments with three replicates. Three varieties of tomato—Cervo, Karina, and Timoty—and three rootstocks—Gelatik, EG203 line, and Solanum torvum—were selected for this study. Nongrafted tomato plants of the same varieties were used as controls. The variables recorded were the number of branches, the diameter of scions and rootstocks, root length, and root dry weight at 4, 6, 8, and 10 weeks after planting (WAT) and relative growth rate, specific leaf area, and net assimilation rate at 4, 8, and 12 WAT. Grafted tomato plants demonstrated better growth than controls. There was a significant relationship between yield, plant growth parameters, and photosynthetic organs, expressed by higher production, greater scion diameter, longer roots, and increased relative growth rate, leaf area ratio, and net assimilation rate of grafted plants, compared to the controls.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF SHADING ON NET ASSIMILATION RATE AND RELATIVE GROWTH RATE IN STRAWBERRY

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmet ÖZTÜRK ◽  
Leyla DEMİRSOY ◽  
Hüsnü DEMİRSOY
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Relative Growth Rate ◽  
Net Assimilation Rate ◽  
Assimilation Rate ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Net Assimilation

scholarly journals RESPONS OF GROWTH ANALYSIS PARAMTERS OF SOME COTTON CULTIVARS TO INTEGRATED WEED MANAGEMENT

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Al-Chalabi & Hammood
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Relative Growth Rate ◽  
Growth Analysis ◽  
Crop Growth ◽  
Net Assimilation Rate ◽  
Assimilation Rate ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Crop Growth Rate ◽  
Crop Density ◽  
Net Assimilation

A field experiment was conducted at the experimental field, Department of Field Crop - College of  Agriculture Abu-Ghraib- University of Baghdad, during summer season at 2012 and 2013, to determine the response of  growth analysis parameters in some cotton cultivars to Integrated Weed Management. A randomized complete block design (RCBD) arranged according to split-plot was used with three replicates, included six weed control treatments as Main-plots where as Sub-plots included eight cotton cultivars. The results showed various to response of  growth analysis parameters to weed control treatments , the treatment of weedfree with normal crop density of 106667 plant.h-1 and high crop density of 200000 plant.h-1 during 70 -90 days after sowing achieved highest crop growth rate of 10.80 , 9.87 g.m-2.day-1 at first season respectively and 9.81, 9.35 g.m-2.day-1 at second season respectively, and highest net assimilation rate of 1.668 , 1.208 mg.cm-2.day-1 at first season respectively, and 1.504 , 1.004 mg.cm-2. day-1 at second season respectively, highest relative growth rate of  50.48 , 48.52 mg.g-1. day-1 at first season respectively, and 38.49 , 37.78 mg.g-1.day-1 at second  season respectively , Has cultivar in first season and Marsomi-1 cultivar in second season achieved  highest crop growth rate of 9.62 , 9.03 g.m-2.day-1 respectively, highest net assimilation rate of 1.399 ,1.188 mg.cm-2.day-1 respectively, Abu-Ghraib5 cultivar achieved highest relative growth rate of  57.19 , 44.66 mg.g-1.day-1 at both season respectively. The treatment of half rate of trifluraline 1.2 L.h-1 applied with high crop density with Has cultivar achieved  highest crop growth rate of  9.29 g.m-2.day-1 at first season, and with Marsomi-1 cultivar of  9.92 g.m-2. day-1 at second season, and highest net assimilation rate with Has cultivar of 1.163 , 1.040 mg.cm-2. day-1  at both season respectively, highest relative growth rate with Cocker 310 cultivar of  36.17 , 39.14 mg.g-1.day-1  at both season respectively, this results confirmed the integrated among cultivars, herbicides, and high crop density to improve this characters .

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