scholarly journals When colocation is not enough: a case study of General Practitioner Super Clinics in Australia

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riki Lane ◽  
Grant Russell ◽  
Elizabeth A. Bardoel ◽  
Jenny Advocat ◽  
Nicholas Zwar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Social Scientist ◽  
Multidisciplinary Care ◽  
Multidisciplinary Teams ◽  
Fee For Service ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Organisational Routines ◽  
Developed Nations ◽  
Competing Priorities

Developed nations are implementing initiatives to transform the delivery of primary care. New models have been built around multidisciplinary teams, information technology and systematic approaches for chronic disease management (CDM). In Australia, the General Practice Super Clinic (GPSC) model was introduced in 2010. A case study approach was used to illustrate the development of inter-disciplinary CDM over 12 months in two new, outer urban GPSCs. A social scientist visited each practice for two 3–4-day periods. Data, including practice documents, observations and in-depth interviews (n=31) with patients, clinicians and staff, were analysed using the concept of organisational routines. Findings revealed slow, incremental evolution of inter-disciplinary care in both sites. Clinic managers found the facilitation of inter-disciplinary routines for CDM difficult in light of competing priorities within program objectives and the demands of clinic construction. Constraints inherent within the GPSC program, a lack of meaningful support for transformation of the model of care and the lack of effective incentives for collaborative care in fee-for-service billing arrangements, meant that program objectives for integrated multidisciplinary care were largely unattainable. Findings suggest that the GPSC initiative should be considered a program for infrastructure support rather than one of primary care transformation.

The Relative Effectiveness of Reading in Large Print and with Low Vision Devices for Students with Low Vision

1992 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
A J. Koenig ◽  
C.A. Layton ◽  
D.B. Ross
Keyword(s):  
Oral Reading ◽  
Low Vision ◽  
Relative Effectiveness ◽  
Multidisciplinary Teams ◽  
Case Study Approach ◽  
Reading Behaviors ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Working Distance ◽  
Reading Miscues

This study explored the value of an objective procedure to evaluate the relative effectiveness of reading large print and reading regular print with low vision devices for six students with low vision. Data on observable reading behaviors—oral and silent reading rates, working distance, and oral reading miscues—were collected and analyzed using a case-study approach. The procedure provided useful information for consideration by multidisciplinary teams.

scholarly journals How are clinical commissioning groups managing conflicts of interest under primary care co-commissioning in England? A qualitative analysis

BMJ Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. e018422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerie Moran ◽  
Pauline Allen ◽  
Imelda McDermott ◽  
Kath Checkland ◽  
Lynsey Warwick-Giles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
New Governance ◽  
Telephone Surveys ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Telephone Interviews ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Primary Care Services

ObjectivesFrom April 2015, NHS England (NHSE) started to devolve responsibility for commissioning primary care services to clinical commissioning groups (CCGs). The aim of this paper is to explore how CCGs are managing potential conflicts of interest associated with groups of GPs commissioning themselves or their practices to provide services.DesignWe carried out two telephone surveys using a sample of CCGs. We also used a qualitative case study approach and collected data using interviews and meeting observations in four sites (CCGs).Setting/participantsWe conducted 57 telephone interviews and 42 face-to-face interviews with general practitioners (GPs) and CCG staff involved in primary care co-commissioning and observed 74 meetings of CCG committees responsible for primary care co-commissioning.ResultsConflicts of interest were seen as an inevitable consequence of CCGs commissioning primary care. Particular problems arose with obtaining unbiased clinical input for new incentive schemes and providing support to GP provider federations. Participants in meetings concerning primary care co-commissioning declared conflicts of interest at the outset of meetings. Different approaches were pursued regarding GPs involvement in subsequent discussions and decisions with inconsistency in the exclusion of GPs from meetings. CCG senior management felt confident that the new governance structures and policies dealt adequately with conflicts of interest, but we found these arrangements face limitations. While the revised NHSE statutory guidance on managing conflicts of interest (2016) was seen as an improvement on the original (2014), there still remained some confusion over various terms and concepts contained therein.ConclusionsDevolving responsibility for primary care co-commissioning to CCGs created a structural conflict of interest. The NHSE statutory guidance should be refined and clarified so that CCGs can properly manage conflicts of interest. Non-clinician members of committees involved in commissioning primary care require training in order to make decisions requiring clinical input in the absence of GPs.

A Procedure to Evaluate the Relative Effectiveness of Reading in Large and Regular Print

1991 ◽  
Vol 85 (5) ◽  
pp. 198-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.J. Koenig ◽  
D.B. Ross
Keyword(s):  
Low Vision ◽  
Relative Effectiveness ◽  
Multidisciplinary Teams ◽  
Reading Behaviors ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Specific Reading ◽  
Print Materials ◽  
Individual Profiles ◽  
Print Size

A procedure for gathering objective data on specific reading behaviors that would assist multidisciplinary teams to determine the relative effectiveness of reading in large print and in regular print for a student with low vision was developed and evaluated, and a case-study approach was used to examine the reading behaviors of six elementary-aged students with low vision, all readers of large-print materials. Individual profiles, developed to compare reading behaviors observed in each print size, were analyzed qualitatively. The procedure was effective in providing information for deciding on the size of print for individual students.

scholarly journals Green marketing and its Implementation in India: an exploratory research

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-99
Author(s):  
Rubeena S K
Keyword(s):  
Green Marketing ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
It Industry ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Corporate World ◽  
Global Issue ◽  
Energy Consuming ◽  
Marketing Principles ◽  
Developed Nations

An era of rapid globalization and growing concern for environmental protection, green marketing is a global issue affecting every individual and industry in all the nations. Companies are constantly trying to find the best ways to reach the customers with their green message. Green Marketing is playing a significant role in developing and developed Nations across the World. These things pave a path to understand its significance in  corporate World. The study has considered few selected companies in India as its sample namely HCL, LG India and Wipro Infotech for better describing the various initiatives introduced by them for promoting green marketing and tried to explain the reasons behind them. Case study approach is used by the study to explore different benefits they have been enjoying by the adoption of Green Marketing principles. The most interesting findings are that LG has established its USP in producing 40% less energy consuming than other conventional products. Further, it is observed that HCL has recently produced HCLME 40Notebooks that gave a reward from Bureau of Energy Efficiency, while Wipro Infotech has started developing eco-friendly computer peripherals too. As the paper focus on companies under IT Industry, it can further be extended to other Industries for better understanding of its benefits.

Capitation and Primary Care in Canada: Financial Incentives and the Evolution of Health Service Organizations

2001 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 583-603 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Gillett ◽  
Brian Hutchison ◽  
Stephen Birch
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Health Service ◽  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Financial Incentive ◽  
Service Organizations ◽  
Fee For Service ◽  
Physician Care ◽  
History Of ◽  
Health Service Organization

Alternative approaches to the funding, organization, and delivery of primary care have been the subject of ongoing discussion and debate in many industrialized nations for many years. One common recommendation has been to use capitation, as opposed to fee-for-service, as the payment method for physicians. In this study the authors use data from interviews with physicians and Ministry of Health officials to trace the evolution of Ontario's Health Service Organization (HSO) program, the only program of capitation-funded physician care in Canada. The program has developed in three phases: formation in the early 1970s, expansion in the late 1970s and throughout the 1980s, and restructuring in the 1990s. The analysis focuses on the perceptions and actions of policymakers and physicians who became involved with the program at different points in its evolution, and identifies how they perceived and responded to the financial incentives that were introduced to promote the program. This case study allows an examination of the shifting objectives, communications, perceptions, and responses of policymakers and stakeholders in changing contexts over a period of more than 20 years. The long history of the HSO program provides the opportunity to examine the factors that can cause financial incentives to go awry. The authors suggest how this case study offers lessons for financial incentive policymaking.

Leveraging Emotions for Successful Organisational Transformation

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 253-260
Author(s):  
Krishnamurthy Shankar
Keyword(s):  
Change Management ◽  
Strategic Change ◽  
Transformation Process ◽  
Case Study Approach ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Management Actions ◽  
Collective Emotions ◽  
Organisational Routines ◽  
Strategic Transformation

Organisations are going through significant change and strategic transformation in these dynamic times. However, emotions have often been under-leveraged in the process of strategic change management. This article explores how leaders and organisational routines can create appropriate collective emotions to achieve relevant objectives in their strategic transformation. Using a case study approach, this study identified that collective emotions formed are dependent on the type of affective events and the current emotion state of the team, including their ‘identity’ strength, and is mediated by the organisational processes of listening and addressing concerns and the historical learning of the team from similar experiences, and moderated by leader emotion management actions. This article outlines the key emotions of excitement, optimism, gratitude, interest, happiness, pride and dissatisfaction, which are necessary at different stages in the strategic transformation process, and the organisational routines and leader actions needed to build them.

Caregivers' Perceptions of Speech-Language Pathologist Talk About Child Language and Literacy Disorders

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 2049-2067
Author(s):  
Karmen L. Porter ◽  
Janna B. Oetting ◽  
Loretta Pecchioni
Keyword(s):  
Language And Literacy ◽  
Collective Case Study ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Speech Language Pathologist ◽  
Therapy Goals ◽  
Semistructured Interviews ◽  
Types Of Information

Purpose This study examined caregiver perceptions of their child's language and literacy disorder as influenced by communications with their speech-language pathologist. Method The participants were 12 caregivers of 10 school-aged children with language and literacy disorders. Employing qualitative methods, a collective case study approach was utilized in which the caregiver(s) of each child represented one case. The data came from semistructured interviews, codes emerged directly from the caregivers' responses during the interviews, and multiple coding passes using ATLAS.ti software were made until themes were evident. These themes were then further validated by conducting clinical file reviews and follow-up interviews with the caregivers. Results Caregivers' comments focused on the types of information received or not received, as well as the clarity of the information. This included information regarding their child's diagnosis, the long-term consequences of their child's disorder, and the connection between language and reading. Although caregivers were adept at describing their child's difficulties and therapy goals/objectives, their comments indicated that they struggled to understand their child's disorder in a way that was meaningful to them and their child. Conclusions The findings showed the value caregivers place on receiving clear and timely diagnostic information, as well as the complexity associated with caregivers' understanding of language and literacy disorders. The findings are discussed in terms of changes that could be made in clinical practice to better support children with language and literacy disorders and their families.

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