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Author(s):  
George Pierrakos ◽  
G. Tzamalouka ◽  
D. Latsou ◽  
A. Goula ◽  
A. Asonitou ◽  
...  

2022 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumirtha Gandhi ◽  
Umakant Dash ◽  
M. Suresh Babu

Abstract Background Continuum of Maternal Health Care Services (CMHS) has garnered attention in recent times and reducing socio-economic disparity and geographical variations in its utilisation becomes crucial from an egalitarian perspective. In this study, we estimate inequity in the utilisation of CMHS in India between 2005 and 06 and 2015-16. Methods We used two rounds of National Family Health Survey (NFHS) - 2005-06 and 2015-16 encompassing a sample size of 34,560 and 178,857 pregnant women respectively. The magnitude of horizontal inequities (HI) in the utilisation of CMHS was captured by adopting the Erreygers Corrected Concentration indices method. Need-based standardisation was conducted to disentangle the variations in the utilisation of CMHS across different wealth quintiles and state groups.  Further, a decomposition analysis was undertaken to enumerate the contribution of legitimate and illegitimate factors towards health inequity. Results The study indicates that the pro-rich inequity in the utilisation of CMHS has increased by around 2 percentage points since the implementation of National Rural Health Mission (NRHM), where illegitimate factors are dominant. Decomposition analysis reveals that the contribution of access related barriers plummeted in the considered period of time. The results also indicate that mother’s education and access to media continue to remain major contributors of pro-rich inequity in India. Considering, regional variations, it is found that the percentage of pro-rich inequity in high focus group states increased by around 3% between 2005 and 06 and 2015-16. The performance of southern states of India is commendable. Conclusions Our study concludes that there exists a pro-rich inequity in the utilisation of CMHS with marked variations across state boundaries. The pro-rich inequity in India has increased between 2005 and 06 and high focus group states suffered predominantly. Decentralisation of healthcare policies and  granting greater power to the states might lead to equitable distribution of CMHS.


2022 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 634-637
Author(s):  
Abhilash B ◽  
Sinchana Adyanthaya

Covid-19 pandemic has led to children missing schools due to which eye care screening activities at schools have taken a backseat. To mitigate this home based visual acuity estimation smartphone applications are increasingly being used for the purpose of tele-ophthalmology purposes, although with no validation of the same. We aim to fulfil this lacunae. Current study was a cross sectional analysis on 286 eyes of 148 children aged between 6years to 14years attending our OPD from April 2021 to June 2021, with non-acute ocular symptomatology. Snellen’s distant visual acuity was compared against the visual acuity recorded by smart phone based Isight pro app and Peek acuity smart phone app. Statistical analysis was performed by Bland Altmann analysis by using SPSS version 21 and p<0.05 was taken as the level of significance. The mean differences between the smartphone-based test Isight pro and the Snellen’s chart and the smartphone-based test Peek acuity and Snellen’s acuity data were 0.06 (95%CI, 0.04–0.08) and 0.07 (95%CI,0.05–0.09) logMAR, respectively. Time taken to test visual acuity by Snellen’s chart was approximately 118.2±21.38 seconds, whereas with Isight pro and Peek acuity smart phone apps the time for testing was approximately 92±15.88 seconds and 94.03±19.73 seconds respectively. P<0.05.The mean visual acuity was comparable with Snellen’s chart and ETDRS based smart phone apps like Isight pro and Peek acuity. The mean time to assess visual acuity was slightly more in Snellen’s acuity than with smart phone based apps. Inability to access eye care services through screening activities in schools has been mitigated effectively by using these smart phone apps. Hence these smart phone apps can be effectively used in tele-ophthalmologic practice and screening activities in these COVID-19 pandemic times.


Author(s):  
Kathleen Markey ◽  
Anne MacFarlane ◽  
Maria Noonan ◽  
Mairead Moloney ◽  
Susann Huschke ◽  
...  

There is a need to understand the specific perinatal mental health care needs of migrant subgroups who often have differing health care needs and specific barriers to accessing and engaging with health care services. It is important to have evidence about the WHO European context given the rising numbers of refugees and asylum seekers in the region. The aim of this scoping review is to map the factors that enable and prevent access and engagement of refugee and asylum-seeking women with perinatal mental health care services in the WHO European Region, from the perspectives of service providers and service users. The database search will include PsycINFO, Cochrane, Web of Science, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL complete, Scopus, Academic Search Complete, and Maternity and Infant Care (OVID). Search results will be exported to an online tool that provides a platform to help manage the review process, including title, abstract, and full-text screening and voting by reviewers independently. Data concerning access and engagement with health care services will be mapped on to the candidacy framework. Systematically searching evidence within the WHO European region and examining this evidence through the candidacy lens will help develop a more comprehensive and a deeper conceptual understanding of the barriers and levers of access and engagement with perinatal mental health care services, whilst identifying gaps in existing evidence. Exploring factors that influence access and engagement for refugee and asylum-seeking women from the perspective of key stakeholders in the service provision and/or service utilisation of perinatal mental health care services will add a more comprehensive understanding of the recursive relationship between service provision and use.


2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orpa Diana Suek ◽  
Moses Pandin

Integrated Management of Childhood Illness is one of the strategies in health care services for infants and children under five at primary health care facilities. Children with fever in high malaria endemic areas must have a blood test done to check whether the children have malaria or not. IMCI is one of the interventions recommended by WHO to screen and also ensure that children receive proper initial treatment at first-level health facilities. This article aims to discuss the quality of care for children under five with malaria using IMCI approach. This is a systematic review by searching 4 databases including Scopus, Web of Science, SAGE and Proquest. Health care services for children under five with an integrated management of childhood illness are intended to provide immediate and appropriate treatment. The guideline for treating children under five with malaria using IMCI approach is very helpful for nurses both in assessing, classifying, treating/curing and making decisions for pre-referral measures for severe cases. Several factors to support quality of care are trained officers, supervision and procurement of essential medicines, RDT and malaria microscopy. Enforcement of the right diagnosis will improve the quality of life of children and prevent death in children under five. Keywords: IMCI, Malaria, Children under five


2022 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Quraish Sserwanja ◽  
Lilian Nuwabaine ◽  
Kassim Kamara ◽  
Milton W. Musaba

Abstract Background Within Sub-Saharan Africa, some countries still report unacceptably high rates of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality, despite improvements in the utilisation of maternity care services. Postnatal care (PNC) is one of the recommended packages in the continuum of maternity care aimed at reducing maternal and neonatal mortality. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with PNC utilisation in Sierra Leone. Methods We used Sierra Leone Demographic and Health Survey (UDHS) 2019 data of 7326 women aged 15 to 49 years. We conducted multivariable logistic regression to determine the factors associated with PNC utilisation, using SPSS version 25. Results Out of 7326 women, 6625 (90.4, 95% CI: 89.9–91.2) had at least one PNC contact for their newborn, 6646 (90.7, 95% CI: 90.2–91.5) had a postnatal check after childbirth and 6274 (85.6, 95% CI: 85.0–86.6) had PNC for both their babies and themselves. Delivery by caesarean section (aOR 8.01, 95% CI: 3.37–19.07), having a visit by a health field worker (aOR 1.80, 95% CI: 1.46–2.20), having had eight or more ANC contacts (aOR 1.37, 95% CI: 1.08–1.73), having tertiary education (aOR 2.71, 95% CI: 1.32–5.56) and having no big problems seeking permission to access healthcare (aOR 1.51, 95% CI: 1.19–1.90) were associated with higher odds of PNC utilisation. On the other hand, being resident in the Northern (aOR 0.48, 95% CI: 0.29–0.78) and Northwestern regions (aOR 0.54, 95% CI: 0.36–0.80), belonging to a female headed household (aOR 0.69, 95% CI: 0.56–0.85) and being a working woman (aOR 0.66, 95% CI: 0.52–0.84) were associated with lower odds of utilizing PNC. Conclusion Factors associated with utilisation of PNC services operate at individual, household, community and health system/policy levels. Some of them can be ameliorated by targeted government interventions to improve utilisation of PNC services.


2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Volkan Zeybek ◽  
Hasan Yetiş ◽  
Abdülkadir İzci ◽  
Kemalettin Acar

Abstract Background Although suicide rates and methods used may vary according to society, gender, and age there are epidemiological studies reporting that suicide rates increase with advanced age in all societies, particularly accelerating after the age of 65 years. This study aimed to investigate the demographic data and suicide characteristics—such as the location and method, among others—of the elderly suicide deaths among forensic deaths between 2011 and 2020 in Denizli, Turkey. Results It was determined that elderly suicides constituted 13.8% of all suicides and increased gradually over the years during the 10-year period. The vast majority of cases were male (82%). It has been observed that hanging is the most frequently used method. It is also noteworthy that although firearm suicide among men was the second most common method, women do not choose this method at all. The majority of elderly suicides (88.5%) in Denizli occurred in the home and its annexes. Conclusions Suicide prevention programmes should promote the elderly to benefit widely from social and health services. Therefore, there is a need to include widespread home care services and firearms regulations in prevention programmes.


Author(s):  
Yingzhe Yuan ◽  
Kali S. Thomas ◽  
Courtney H. Van Houtven ◽  
Megan E. Price ◽  
Steven D. Pizer ◽  
...  

PLoS ONE ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. e0261962
Author(s):  
Pathmavathy Namasivayam ◽  
Dung T. Bui ◽  
Christine Low ◽  
Tony Barnett ◽  
Heather Bridgman ◽  
...  

Introduction After-hours services are essential in ensuring patients with life limiting illness and their caregivers are supported to enable continuity of care. Telehealth is a valuable approach to meeting after-hours support needs of people living with life-limiting illness, their families, and caregivers in rural and remote communities. It is important to explore the provision of after-hours palliative care services using telehealth to understand the reach of these services in rural and remote Australia. A preliminary search of databases failed to reveal any scoping or systematic reviews of telehealth in after-hours palliative care services in rural or remote Australia. Aim To review and map the available evidence about the use of telehealth in providing after-hours palliative care services in Australian rural and remote communities. Methods The proposed scoping review will be conducted using the Arksey and O’Malley methodological framework and in accordance with the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology for scoping reviews. The reporting of the scoping review will be guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). This review will consider research and evaluation of after-hours services using telehealth for palliative care stakeholders in rural and remote Australia. Peer reviewed studies and grey literature published in English from 2000 to May 2021 will be included. Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL Complete, Embase via Ovid, PsycINFO via Ovid, Emcare via Ovid, Medline via Ovid, and grey literature will be searched for relevant articles. Titles and abstracts will be screened by two independent reviewers for assessment against the inclusion criteria. Data will be extracted and analysed by two reviewers using an adapted data extraction tool and thematic analysis techniques. Diagrams, tables, and summary narratives will be used to map, summarise and thematically group the characteristics of palliative care telehealth services in rural and remote Australia, including stakeholders’ perceptions and benefits and challenges of the services.


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