Supporting cross-cultural brokers is essential for employment among Aboriginal people in remote Australia

2011 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiheyis T. Maru ◽  
Jocelyn Davies
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Network Theory ◽  
Aboriginal People ◽  
Moral Economy ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Social Capital Theory ◽  
Social Network Theory ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Employment Opportunities

Employment is generally considered as essential for improving individual and social livelihoods and wellbeing in Australia. Typically, employment rates are low among Aboriginal people living in remote regions of Australia. Often this is attributed to a lack of mainstream labour markets. However, Aboriginal employment participation is low even in remote places where there are employment opportunities, creating a seemingly paradoxical situation of lots of job vacancies and lots of unemployed locals. Social networks are one of the factors that contribute to this phenomenon, and that can potentially help to address it. We applied social network and social capital theory in research in the Anmatjere region of central Australia. Our findings indicate that Aboriginal people have strong and dense bonding networks but sparse bridging and linking networks. While the existence of such ties is supported by research and observation elsewhere in remote Australia, the implications for employment have not been considered from the perspective of social network theory. Dense bonding networks reinforce, and are reinforced by, Aboriginal norms of sharing and reciprocity. These underpin the Aboriginal moral economy but can have negative influence on motivation to engage with mainstream employment opportunities that are driven by workplace and market norms. Brokers who can bridge and link Aboriginal individuals and their dense social networks to potential employers are essential for Aboriginal people to be able to obtain trusted information on jobs and have entrée to employment opportunities. Brokers also foster new norms that mediate the conflicting values and expectations held by potential Aboriginal employees and employers, who are generally not Aboriginal people. Social network theory suggests that bridging and linking provides advantage to the broker. However, stress and burnout are readily suffered by the people who broker networks with divergent values in cross-cultural settings. To improve employment outcomes and expand livelihood options for Aboriginal people in remote Australia, it is essential to recognise, support and recruit brokers.

Social Networks and Mourning: A Comparative Approach

1990 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nissan Rubin
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Network Theory ◽  
Cultural Analysis ◽  
Social Network Theory ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
American Society ◽  
Israeli Kibbutz

This article suggests using social network theory to explain the varieties of mourning behavior in different societies. This context is used to compare the participation in funeral ceremonies of members of different social circles in modern-American society and in the Israeli kibbutz. The two cases demonstrate the validity of concepts deriving from social network analysis in the study of bereavement, mourning behavior, and funerary practice. The approach suggested might serve as a basis for a cross-cultural analysis of the range of participation in mourning rituals.

E-Business Perspectives through Social Networks

2011 ◽  
pp. 651-660
Author(s):  
Mahesh Raisinghani ◽  
Elon Marques
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Social Networking ◽  
Network Theory ◽  
Virtual Communities ◽  
Social Network Theory ◽  
The Internet ◽  
The Social ◽  
Use Of The Internet ◽  
New Research

This chapter is focused on some of the current research being conducted in the field of social network theory. The importance of studying the social network concepts is attached to a better understanding of individuals and how and why people interact with each other, as well as how technology and the Internet can affect this interaction. The social network theory field has grown significantly in the last years, and the use of the Internet and advanced computing technology has contributed to new research in this growing area. The first aspect to be covered is the social network theory and some applications for social networks. Also virtual communities, as well as the control over communications tools through social networks will be discussed. Finally, the technology side of social networks will be presented, as mobile social networks, internet social networking systems and e-business correlation, social network software and future trends of social networks. The main objective of this research is to illustrate the correlation between electronic (e-) business (of which e-government is a subset) and social networking.

scholarly journals The gender gap in job authority: Do social network resources matter?

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 381-399
Author(s):  
Lieselotte Blommaert ◽  
Roza Meuleman ◽  
Stefan Leenheer ◽  
Anete Butkēviča
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Network Theory ◽  
Social Network Theory ◽  
Network Resources ◽  
Career Opportunities ◽  
Network Status

Women generally have less job authority than men. Previous research has shown that human capital, family features and contextual factors cannot fully explain this gender authority gap. Another popular explanation holds that women’s career opportunities are limited because their social networks comprise less beneficial contacts and resources than men’s. Yet, the role of social networks has received little attention in empirical research seeking to explain the gender gap in job authority. This study examines to what extent gender differences in social networks exist and are related to the gender authority gap. Drawing on two strands of social network theory, we develop hypotheses about the role of network diversity and network status. We test these hypotheses using representative longitudinal data from the NEtherlands Longitudinal Lifecourse Study (2009–2013). Results reveal that women generally had less diverse occupational networks in terms of contacts’ occupations and were less likely to know managers than men, network features which are found to be significantly related to job authority. Controlling for these gender differences in networks leads to a reduction of the observed gender authority gap that is statistically significant but modest in substantive terms.

Consumer behavior in the online context

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 169-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon Cummins ◽  
James W. Peltier ◽  
John A. Schibrowsky ◽  
Alexander Nill
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Consumer Behavior ◽  
Network Theory ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Social Network Theory ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
User Generated Content ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Online Consumer Behavior ◽  
Online Consumer

Purpose – The purpose of this article is to review the consumer behavior and social network theory literature related to the online and e-commerce context. Design/methodology/approach – To conduct the review, the authors draw on a sample of 942 articles published from 1993 to 2012 addressing consumer behavior or social network issues in the online or social media context. The sample is analyzed by both era (incubation, expansion and explosion) and primary topic. Findings – Eight categories of online consumer behavior research are described. In the order from largest to smallest, these are: cognitive issues, user-generated content, Internet demographics and segmentation, online usage, cross cultural, online communities and networks, strategic use and outcomes and consumer Internet search. Originality/value – The literature has been summarized in each category and research opportunities have been offered for consumer behavior and social network scholars interested in exploring the online context.

E-Business Perspectives through Social Networks

2010 ◽  
pp. 324-333
Author(s):  
Mahesh Raisinghani ◽  
Elon Marques
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Social Networking ◽  
Network Theory ◽  
Virtual Communities ◽  
Social Network Theory ◽  
The Internet ◽  
The Social ◽  
Use Of The Internet ◽  
New Research

This chapter is focused on some of the current research being conducted in the field of social network theory. The importance of studying the social network concepts is attached to a better understanding of individuals and how and why people interact with each other, as well as how technology and the Internet can affect this interaction. The social network theory field has grown significantly in the last years, and the use of the Internet and advanced computing technology has contributed to new research in this growing area. The first aspect to be covered is the social network theory and some applications for social networks. Also virtual communities, as well as the control over communications tools through social networks will be discussed. Finally, the technology side of social networks will be presented, as mobile social networks, internet social networking systems and e-business correlation, social network software and future trends of social networks. The main objective of this research is to illustrate the correlation between electronic (e-) business (of which e-government is a subset) and social networking.

scholarly journals A Review of the Research Progress of Social Network Structure

Complexity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Ning Li ◽  
Qian Huang ◽  
Xiaoyu Ge ◽  
Miao He ◽  
Shuqin Cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
Complex Network ◽  
Network Structure ◽  
Network Theory ◽  
Graph Model ◽  
Social Network Theory ◽  
Network Research ◽  
Social Network Structure

Social network theory is an important paradigm of social structure research, which has been widely used in various fields of research. This paper reviews the development process and the latest progress of social network theory research and analyzes the research application of social network. In order to reveal the deep social structure, this paper analyzes the structure of social networks from three levels: microlevel, mesolevel, and macrolevel and reveals the origin, development, perfection, and latest achievements of complex network models. The regular graph model, P1 model, P2 model, exponential random graph model, small-world network model, and scale-free network model are introduced. In the end, the research on the social network structure is reviewed, and social support network and social discussion network are introduced, which are two important contents of social network research. At present, the research on social networks has been widely used in coauthor networks, citation networks, mobile social networks, enterprise knowledge management, and individual happiness, but there are few research studies on multilevel structure, dynamic research, complex network research, whole network research, and discussion network research. This provides space for future research on social networks.

scholarly journals Social Networks and Social Capital: Rethinking Theory in Community Informatics

2008 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate Williams ◽  
Joan C. Durrance
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Technological Change ◽  
Network Theory ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Social Network Theory ◽  
Community Informatics ◽  
Historical Continuity

One important theoretical focus in community informatics is based on the convergence of two established bodies of theory, social networks and social capital. First we summarize them both. Then we define community informatics and explore its origins. Finally, we review a group of community informatics studies which frame their analyses in either social capital or social network theory. How the frames are constructed focuses each study on either technological change or historical continuity. Taken together, the studies suggest that in fact both of these are necessary for local communities both to initiate and to sustain the use of information technologies.

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