RAPD variation in populations of Cardamine lilacina (Brassicaceae)

1996 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 291 ◽  
Author(s):  
MF Nolan ◽  
ML Skotnicki ◽  
AJ Gibbs
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Host Plant ◽  
Rapd Analysis ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Heterogeneous Population ◽  
Natural Host ◽  
Endemic Plant ◽  
Plant Variation ◽  
Recent Immigrant

Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis of DNA samples clearly distinguished between Cardantine hirsuta L. and two variants of Cardamine lilacina Hook. found in Australia. Cardarnine hirsuta, a recent immigrant, was less variable than C. lilacina, robust alpine snow-patch variant (C. lilacina-RASPV), which is an endemic plant that grows in three distinct regions in the Kosciusko alpine area and C. lilacina, intermedia variant (C. lilacina-IV), which is an endemic plant that is widespread in the same area. Comparison of RAPDs showed that, in the populations of C. lilacina-RASPV, some plants found near each other were closely related, but there was no detectable largerscale population structure. It is most likely that the present populations of C. lilacina-RASPV are relics of a single larger heterogeneous population. Cardarnine lilacina-RASPV is the only known natural host of turnip yellow mosaic tymovirus in Australia. Although in this study RAPD analysis did not indicate whether the host plant variation is influencing the variability of populations of this virus it did provide an understanding of the genetic relationships in these populations of C. lilacina.

Phylogenetic relationships of five morphological groups of hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em Thell.) based on RAPD analysis

Genome ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 724-727 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenguang Cao ◽  
G Scoles ◽  
P Hucl ◽  
R N Chibbar
Keyword(s):  
Hexaploid Wheat ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Rapd Analysis ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Similarity Coefficients ◽  
Morphological Classification ◽  
Wild Wheat

The genetic relationships among the five groups of hexaploid wheat: common, spelta, macha, vavilovii, and semi-wild wheat (SWW) are not clear. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis was used to assess phylogenetic relationships among these five morphological groups of hexaploid wheat. RAPD data were analyzed using the NTSYS-PC computer program to generate Jaccard genetic similarity coefficients. A dendrogram based on RAPD analysis grouped 15 accessions into five distinct clusters. These results are in agreement with those based on morphological classification, suggesting that common wheat is most closely related to SWW, followed by spelta, vavilovii, and macha.Key words: RAPD, macha, spelta, vavilovii, semi-wild wheat, phylogenetic relationships.

Genetic-Relationships as Assessed by Molecular Markers and Cross-Infection Among Strains of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides

1994 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
HL Hayden ◽  
KG Pegg ◽  
EAB Aitken ◽  
JAG Irwin
Keyword(s):  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Colletotrichum Gloeosporioides ◽  
Rapd Analysis ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Colletotrichum Acutatum ◽  
Fruit Species ◽  
Pathogenicity Tests ◽  
Colletotrichum Musae ◽  
Highly Virulent

Morphological characterisation allows isolates of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Colletotrichum musae and Colletotrichum acutatum to be identified only to species level. Pathogenicity tests and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers distinguished a mango biotype of C. gloeosporioides from eight other isolates of C gloeosporioides obtained from five different fruit species. Using these procedures, it was also possible to distinguish C. acutatum and C. musae both from each other, and from the C. gloeosporioides isolates. In cross-infectivity studies, isolates of C. gloeosporioides displayed a wide host range with the exception of isolates from mango, which were highly virulent on mango only. Teleomorphic isolates of C. gloeosporioides were clustered together by RAPD analysis. This work has demonstrated the existence of a biotype of C. gloeosporioides which shows specialisation to mango.

Application of the random amplified polymorphic DNA technique for the detection of polymorphism among wild and cultivated tetraploid wheats

Genome ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 602-609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chandrashekhar P. Joshi ◽  
Henry T. Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Linkage Map ◽  
Genetic Linkage ◽  
Genetic Linkage Map ◽  
Triticum Turgidum ◽  
Rapd Analysis ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Emmer Wheat ◽  
Tetraploid Wheats

Development of a high-density genetic linkage map of cultivated wheats using conventional molecular markers has lagged behind the other major food crops such as rice and tomato because of the large genome size and limited levels of genetic polymorphisms. Recently, random amplified polymorphic DNAs (RAPDs) have been suggested to provide an alternative to visualize more polymorphism. For the construction of a genetic linkage map in tetraploid wheats, one can use a strategy of intersubspecific crosses between the most dissimilar wild and cultivated tetraploid wheats that are easy to hybridize and result in fertile progeny. An assessment of the level of RAPDs among different accessions and varieties of wild and cultivated tetraploid wheats is required to fulfill this objective. We present here the data obtained using RAPD analysis of 40 primers in 20 accessions of wild tetraploid emmer wheats (Triticum turgidum L. ssp. dicoccoides) and 10 genotypes of cultivated tetraploid durum wheats (Triticum turgidum L. ssp. durum) selected from geographically diverse locations. We have observed a higher level of polymorphism among different accessions of wild emmer wheat from Israel, Turkey, and Jordan than the group of cultivated American, Turkish, and Syrian durum wheats. These data have been used to generate a dendrogram suggesting the genetic relationships among these genotypes, and the most dissimilar genotypes are identified for future mapping and gene tagging work.Key words: durum wheat, emmer wheat, genetic similarity, molecular markers, RAPD analysis.

scholarly journals Identification of the Edible Fig `Bianco del Cilento' by Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Analysis

HortScience ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (7) ◽  
pp. 1263-1265 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Galderisi ◽  
M. Cipollaro ◽  
G. Di Bernardo ◽  
L. De Masi ◽  
G. Galano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Analysis ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Rapd Analysis ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Accurate Identification ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Campania Region ◽  
Quality Of Products

Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis is currently used to estimate genetic relationships in plants. We have used RAPD analysis to distinguish six different cultivars of Ficus carica, and several of their clones, that are widespread in the Campania Region of Southern Italy. Among these cultivars, `Bianco del Cilento' has unique characteristics, and is particularly useful for drying and for the manufacture of syrups. The protection of this cultivar is important to the Campania Region. We have utilized molecular markers to allow accurate identification of this cultivar, making it possible to control the quality of products and prevent fraudulent commerce. DNA was extracted from leaves and amplified by PCR using random oligonucleotide primers. The amplification patterns obtained with five decamer primers were useful for distinguishing all six cultivars analyzed. `Bianco del Cilento' was identified by two primers. The banding patterns were scored and used in similarity value calculations to estimate genetic relationships.

Genetic Similarity Among Broccoli Inbreds “Essentially Derived” from Commercial Cultivars

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 546e-546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark W. Farnham ◽  
Jiang Lu ◽  
Julie M. Villand
Keyword(s):  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Rapd Analysis ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Doubled Haploids ◽  
Threshold Level ◽  
Pedigree Information ◽  
Dimensional Scaling ◽  
Similarity Indices ◽  
Related Group

DNA markers can assess close genetic relationships between individuals of a crop as when one variety is developed (i.e., “essentially derived”) from another. An acceptable threshold, based on empirical results, should be established for a crop to indicate what constitutes an “essentially derived” variety in the absence of clear pedigree information. Empirical data could help settle infringements of intellectual property rights, but appropriate data are not being generated for most crops. Thus, our objectives were to characterize genetic relationships among broccoli varieties “essentially derived” from known parents using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers as a measure of genotype and to provide an empirical basis for threshold levels in this crop. Six F1 broccoli hybrids and three inbred lines (doubled-haploids) developed from each of the hybrids (24 entries) were evaluated by RAPD analysis. RAPD assays were conducted using 23 different oligonucleotide 10-mers. Of 179 RAPD bands scored, 94 were polymorphic among the entries. Similarity indices were computed from RAPD data, and a multi-dimensional scaling (MDS) plot was constructed. Similarity indices for all pairwise comparisons ranged from 0.40 to 0.90. `High Sierra' and it's derived lines were the most closely related group with indices from 0.81 to 0.90. With `High Sierra', `Sultan', and `Marathon', the three derived lines were more closely related to their respective parental hybrids than were any other entries. The hybrids `Futura', `Everest', and `Viking' were more genetically similar to other entries than to their derived lines. A threshold level based on data from `High Sierra', `Marathon', `Sultan', and their derived lines would not identify “essentially derived” lines developed from other hybrids.

The population structure of Armillaria ostoyae in the southern interior of British Columbia

2001 ◽  
Vol 79 (5) ◽  
pp. 612-620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy R Dettman ◽  
Bart J van der Kamp
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Rapd Analysis ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Random Mating ◽  
Geographic Distance ◽  
Symptom Expression ◽  
Armillaria Ostoyae ◽  
Term Maintenance

The population structure of Armillaria ostoyae (Romagn.) Herink was investigated at a study site in the interior cedar–hemlock zone of the southern interior of British Columbia. Eight 500-m long, randomly placed transects located at least 500 m apart were systematically sampled and individual genets were delineated using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis. Average genet intersect length was 79 m, and an estimated 88% of the area surveyed was occupied by genets <2 ha in size. The spatial distribution of genets in relation to one another was quite complex, with isolates of the same genet often non-contiguous along the transect. The location of genets could not be determined from aboveground symptom expression. Isolates collected from adjacent hosts within small groups of symptomatic hosts (infection foci) did not necessarily belong to the same genet, but single genets could occupy several infection foci. There was no relationship between geographic distance and genetic similarity of genets, suggesting random mating events for genet origin and long term maintenance of genetic identity.Key words: Armillaria, RAPD, population structure, genet, ramet, clone.

scholarly journals The Use of ISSR and RAPD Markers for Genetic Diversity among South Tunisian Barley

ISRN Agronomy ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ferdaous Guasmi ◽  
Walid Elfalleh ◽  
Hédia Hannachi ◽  
Khadija Fères ◽  
Leila Touil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Rapd Analysis ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Resolving Power ◽  
Poor Correlation ◽  
Rapd And Issr ◽  
South Tunisia ◽  
Issr Primers

Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and intersimple sequence repeat (ISSR) were assayed to determine the genetic diversity of 80 barley specimens from South Tunisia. The ISSR primers showed variation in the percentage of polymorphism, band informativeness (Ib), and resolving power (Rp). The percentage of polymorphism is 66.67%, the average Ib ranged from 0.24 to 0.39, while Rp ranged from 0.74 to 1.16. In RAPD analysis, three primers yielded a total of 17 scorable bands, which are all polymorphic. The three polymorphic primers exhibited variation with regard to average band informativeness (AvIb) and resolving power (Rp). RAPD and ISSR marker systems were found to be useful for the genetic diversity among the barley specimens. The two dendrograms obtained through these markers show different clustering of 80 barely specimens, but we noted that some clusters were similar in some cases. A poor correlation () was found between both sets of genetic similarity data, suggesting that both sets of markers revealed unrelated estimates of genetic relationships. Therefore, the ISSR and RAPD molecular markers show two genetic grouping of studied barely specimens.

The population structure of Armillaria ostoyae and Armillaria sinapina in the central interior of British Columbia

2001 ◽  
Vol 79 (5) ◽  
pp. 600-611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy R Dettman ◽  
Bart J van der Kamp
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Reproductive Strategy ◽  
Rapd Analysis ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Somatic Incompatibility ◽  
Armillaria Ostoyae ◽  
Fungal Isolates ◽  
Population Structures ◽  
Do So

The population structures of Armillaria ostoyae (Romagn.) Herink and Armillaria sinapina Bérubé & Dessureault were investigated at a study site near Williams Lake in the central interior of British Columbia. One hundred and twenty eight fungal isolates were examined from nine infection centers and individual genets were delineated using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis and somatic incompatibility tests. Six A. ostoyae genets ranging in size from 0.70 to >15 ha were detected. The population structure of A. ostoyae was consistent with a clonal reproductive strategy, and infection centers were occupied by single A. ostoyae genets or ramets thereof. Eighteen relatively small A. sinapina genets were detected, with infection centers being occupied by multiple genets. Armillaria sinapina appears to be more pathogenic to coniferous hosts than previously reported in the region. Armillaria ostoyae appears to initiate new infections of available substrate via airborne basidiospores at a lower frequency than A. sinapina. However once established, A. ostoyae can spread quite aggressively and capture significant amounts of secondary resources, while A. sinapina is unable to do so. The results of somatic incompatibility tests used to differentiate genets corresponded with the results of RAPD analysis, with only one minor discrepancy.Key words: Armillaria, RAPD, population structure, genet, ramet, clone.

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