Early-onset binocularity in preterm infants reveals experience-dependent visual development in humans

Introduction: An early and accurate diagnosis of early onset neonatal sepsis (EONS) and late onset neonatal sepsis (LONS) is essential to improve the outcome of this devastating conditions. Especially, preterm infants are at risk. Reliable biomarkers are rare, clinical decision-making depends on clinical appearance and multiple laboratory findings. Markers of NET formation and NET turnover might improve diagnostic precision. Aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of NETs in sepsis diagnosis in neonatal preterm infants. Methods: Plasma samples of neonatal preterm infants with suspected sepsis were collected. Blood samples were assayed for markers of NET formation and NET turnover: cfDNA, DNase1, nucleosome, NE, and H3Cit. All clinical findings, values of laboratory markers, and epidemiological characteristics were collected retrospectively. Two subpopulations were created to divide EONS from LONS. EMA sepsis criteria for neonatal sepsis were used to generate a sepsis group (EMA positive) and a control group (EMA negative). Results: A total of 31 preterm neonates with suspected sepsis were included. Out of these, nine patients met the criteria for sepsis according to EMA. Regarding early onset neonatal sepsis (3 EONS vs. 10 controls), cfDNA, DNase I, nucleosome, and CRP were elevated significantly. H3Cit and NE did not show any significant elevations. In the late onset sepsis collective (6 LONS vs. 12 controls), cfDNA, DNase I, and CRP differed significantly compared to control group.

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CLINICAL AND MICROBIOLOGICAL FEATURES OF EARLY-ONSET NEONATAL SEPSIS IN PRETERM INFANTS

EUREKA Health Sciences ◽

10.21303/2504-5679.2020.001284 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 ◽

pp. 13-19

Author(s):

Tetiana Klymenko ◽

Kateryna Kosenko

Keyword(s):

Preterm Infants ◽

Neonatal Sepsis ◽

Early Onset ◽

Group B Streptococcus ◽

Blood Cultures ◽

Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus ◽

Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽

Epidemiological Monitoring ◽

Sources Of Infection ◽

Group B

Early-onset neonatal sepsis (EONS) remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality, especially among premature infants. Conducting high-quality epidemiological monitoring is an important condition for effective tactics treatment neonatal infections and improving the quality of medical care for this category of newborn. The aim. Determination of the value of microbiological triggers in the blood in various clinical options for EONS in preterm infants. Materials and methods. Clinical and microbiological data on 50 prematurely born newborns with EONS were selected. The analysis of the frequency of detected bacteremia, the distribution of pathogenic microorganisms and the clinical characteristics of neonatal sepsis. Results. In the study, sources of infection were detected in 94 % of cases. Positive blood cultures were obtained in 17 (34 %) newborns with EONS. 61.5 % of all cases of bacteremia were caused by coagulase-negative staphylococcus (CoNS). Gram-negative pathogens were detected in 23.5 % of positive blood cultures, representatives of this group were Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumonia. The overall mortality rate from EONS was 30 %. Conclusions. The incidence of sepsis confirmed by a positive blood culture was 34 %. The most common cause of EONS is CoNS, low incidence of group B Streptococcus sepsis has been established. The most frequent septicopymic sources of infection were the lungs, which is expressed in the high incidence (94 %) of X-ray pneumonia in the structure of the EONS.

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