Fixed effects one-way analysis of variance.

2017 ◽  
pp. 246-287
Author(s):  
M. Kaps ◽  
W. R. Lamberson
Keyword(s):  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Fixed Effects

scholarly journals Effect of the Age on the Evaluation of Horse Conformation and Movement

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 863-870 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janusz Wejer ◽  
Dorota Lewczuk
Keyword(s):  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Subjective Evaluation ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Surprising Result ◽  
Age Classes ◽  
Phenotypic Correlations ◽  
Horse Breeding ◽  
Young Horses

AbstractThe evaluation of horse conformation is a changeable characteristic and knowledge of its character is essential in horse breeding. The effect of the age was investigated based on the analysis of a subjective evaluation of eight conformation and movement traits according to the 70 points scale of registered 857 Polish Trakehner. The analysis of variance included fixed effects of sex (mares and stallions), age (up to 1 year, yearlings, 2-year-old, 3-year-old and older) and the kind of breeder (private/national) and the random effect of the sire. The effect of the sire was statistically significant for all traits. The effect of the sex was significant only for the movement traits – the walk and canter in stallions reached higher notes. The effect of the kind of breeder was also statistically significant but only for the movement traits. The considered effect of the age was the most surprising result as it was statistically significant for all traits, but the only differences between age classes were found between very young horses (up to 1 year) and all other groups. The phenotypic correlations between traits suggest that traits such as overall impression, type, trunk and limbs (feet and legs) are overvalued in the youngest group of horses.

scholarly journals Sensory evaluation of beef and buffalo extensively reared and its relationship to sociodemographic characteristics of consumers

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 1617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Eugênia Andrighetto Canozzi ◽  
Luiza Ávila Sphor ◽  
Concepta Margaret McManus Pimentel ◽  
Júlio Otavio jardim Barcellos ◽  
César Henrique Espirito Candal Poli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensory Evaluation ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Consumer Preference ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Taste Panel ◽  
Sensory Characteristics ◽  
Sociodemographic Characteristics ◽  
Angus Cattle ◽  
Hedonic Scale

Sensory characteristics of meat from different animal types, including cattle (Angus and Brangus) and buffalo raised at pasture, and information on socio-demographic determinants of consumer preference were evaluated. Samples of roasted rib eye were cut and served in a disordered and monadic manner to 188 untrained tasters. A nine-point hedonic scale was used to assess odor, color, tenderness, succulence and overall appearance. Analysis of variance was carried out using the GLM procedure of SAS®, considering animal type and socio-demographic characteristics as fixed effects and using the LSMEANS procedure for multiple mean comparisons. Differences (P < 0.001) between animal types were observed only for tenderness, with Brangus (7.02) and buffalo (6.82) meat being superior to Angus (6.25). Regardless of meat origin, age, income, smoking and place of purchase affected the perceived attributes (P < 0.05). People aged over 50 years gave higher mean scores for odor and color (P < 0.05), indicative of greater satisfaction and less demanding tastes when compared to other age categories. Despite the variability in the intrinsic characteristics, differentiation of meat by the consumer is not easy to determine, with little impact of sociodemographic characteristics on organoleptic perception. Meat from Brangus cattle and buffaloes raised at pasture was considered tenderer than that from Angus cattle raised under the same conditions by an untrained taste panel compared with.

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