Detecting Cacopsylla pyricola (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) in predator guts using COI mitochondrial markers

2003 ◽  
Vol 93 (3) ◽  
pp. 179-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Agustí ◽  
T.R. Unruh ◽  
S.C. Welter
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
North America ◽  
Instar Nymph ◽  
Close Relative ◽  
Sensitivity Threshold ◽  
Mitochondrial Markers ◽  
Cacopsylla Pyri ◽  
Arthropod Predators ◽  
Representative Species ◽  
Pear Psylla

AbstractCacopsylla pyricola (Förster) is one of the most important pests of pear in North America, where several native predators have been considered for integrated pest management (IPM) programmes. Two molecular markers of 271 and 188 bp were developed from C. pyricola cytochrome oxidase I (COI) fragments, in order to study the detection of this species in the gut of arthropod predators. Primer sensitivity and the detection period for pear psylla remains in the guts of Anthocoris tomentosus Pericart were determined. The sensitivity threshold was defined at 10-5 dilution of a C. pyricola fifth-instar nymph in all samples. Predator adults were evaluated immediately after ingestion of one to five C. pyricola nymphs (t = 0) and after 2, 4, 6, 8, 16, 24 and 32 h. Detection of the presence of C. pyricola DNA always lasted longer using the shorter fragment and was observed after 32 h of digestion using both markers. The primers amplifying the 188 bp fragment amplified all four psyllid species tested, whereas the primers designed to amplify the 271 bp fragment did so exclusively for C. pyricola and its close relative, Cacopsylla pyri (Linnaeus). Both primers failed to amplify DNA from representative species of the Coccinellidae, Chrysopidae, Hemerobiidae, Anthocoridae, Miridae, Salticidae, Aphididae, Tetranychidae and the Tortricidae, suggesting their suitability for general trophic studies.

Comparative morphology of the Australian lynx spiders of the genus Oxyopes (Araneae : Oxyopidae)

2001 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 561 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor R. Townsend Jr ◽  
Bruce E. Felgenhauer ◽  
Judy F. Grimshaw
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Comparative Morphology ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Evolutionary Origin ◽  
African Species ◽  
Representative Species ◽  
Species Groups

We examined the morphology of the genitalia and cuticular scales of eight species of Australian lynx spiders of the genus Oxyopes and compared them with those of representative species from Africa, Asia and North America. Our results indicate that the eight species examined are representative of two distinct species groups of Oxyopes in Australia. The first group consists ofO. amoenus, O. dingo, O. gracilipes, O. molarius, O. rubicundus, and O. variabilis. The evolutionary origin of these spiders is difficult to discern as they share multiple genitalic characters with African and Asian taxa. However, these six species display two characters, leg scales and internal cuticular elements in the opisthosomal scales, that are exhibited by African, but not Asian, taxa. The second group consists of Oxyopes macilentus and O. papuanis. These taxa exhibit many of the same morphological features, exhibited by Asian, but not African, species.

Selection for monocrotophos resistance in pear psylla,Cacopsylla pyri(L.) (Hom., Psyllidae)

1995 ◽  
Vol 119 (1-5) ◽  
pp. 507-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Berrada ◽  
T. X. Nguyen ◽  
D. Merzoug ◽  
D. Fournier
Keyword(s):  
Cacopsylla Pyri ◽  
Pear Psylla ◽  
Selection For

Larvae and pupae of Dascillidae (Coleoptera): morphological study and discussion of their relationships to Scarabaeoidea and Eulichadidae

2003 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clarke Scholtz ◽  
Vasily Grebennikov
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Morphological Variation ◽  
Morphological Study ◽  
Body Shape ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Close Relative ◽  
Sister Group Relationship ◽  
Larval Morphology ◽  
The Family ◽  
Late Instar

AbstractExternal morphology of late-instar larvae and pupae of the coleopteran family Dascillidae is revised. Larvae studied for Dascillus Latreille with two species from Europe and North America, Notodascillus Carter from Australia and Pleolobus Philippi from Chile; pupae studied for D. davidsoni LeConte. Larval diagnosis and description of the family are updated. Dascillid larvae exhibit little morphological variation and share eight apparently apomorphic characters. Widely accepted sister-group relationship between Dascillidae and Rhipiceridae is not supported with larval morphology because ectoparasitic larvae of Rhipiceridae are poorly known and apparently highly modified morphologically. The superfamily Scarabaeoidea is unlikely to be a close relative of Dascillidae since this hypothesis is based mainly on habitat-dependent convergences of soil-dwellers (grub-like body shape, reduced stemmata) or possible symplesiomorphic similarities. Ten similarities between larvae of Dascillidae and Eulichadidae (Dryopoidea) were found. Some of these are possibly synapomorphies of these two groups. Larval and pupal morphology of Dascillidae is illustrated by 26 drawings.

The genus Rhinoglena (Rotifera, Monogononta, Ephiphanidae) in North America, with the description of two new species

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4290 (1) ◽  
pp. 113 ◽  
Author(s):  
HENDRIK SEGERS ◽  
ELIZABETH J. WALSH
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
North America ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Chihuahuan Desert ◽  
Identification Key ◽  
Close Relative ◽  
Generic Diagnosis ◽  
Aquatic Habitats ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
The Usa

Based on material from aquatic habitats in the northern Chihuahuan Desert and a literature review, we present an account on the occurrence of genus Rhinoglena in North America. Two new species are described, and the presence of Rhinoglena frontalis in the USA is confirmed. Of the two new species, R. texana n. sp. is a close relative of R. frontalis, whereas R. ovigera n. sp. is unique by being oviparous, in contrast to all other Rhinoglena which are viviparous. This prompts a revision of the generic diagnosis of Rhinoglena to accommodate the new species. An identification key to the known species of the genus is provided. 

Notes on Anthocoris melanocerus Reuter (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) as a Predator of the Pear Psylla in British Columbia

1961 ◽  
Vol 93 (8) ◽  
pp. 660-662 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold F. Madsen
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
North America ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Adalia Bipunctata ◽  
Minor Importance ◽  
Pear Psylla ◽  
History Of

The role of natural enemies in the control of the pear psylla, Psylla pyricola Foerst., has been of minor importance in the published history of this pest in North America. Jensen (1957) listed six species of parasites that attack the pear psylla nymph, but only one, Psylledontus insidiosus Cwfd. (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), is recorded from North America. Slingerland (1896) stated that the predators Chrysopa oculata Say (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) and Adalia bipunctata (L.) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) were observed in the field feeding on psyllid eggs, nymphs and adults. Georgalla (1957) reported that Anthocoris nemorum L. (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) fed upon pear psylla eggs and nymphs, but made no reference to effect upon psyllid populations.

A comparison of molecular markers and morphology forNeidiumtaxa (Bacillariophyta) from eastern North America

2017 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 680-702 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keely E. Lefebvre ◽  
Paul B. Hamilton ◽  
Frances R. Pick
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
North America ◽  
Eastern North America

The earliest mustelid in North America

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan Paterson ◽  
Joshua X Samuels ◽  
Natalia Rybczynski ◽  
Michael J Ryan ◽  
Hillary C Maddin
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
North America ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Close Relative ◽  
Late Oligocene ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
Holotype Specimen ◽  
John Day

Abstract Until now, the pre-Miocene fossil record of mustelids in North America has been restricted to specimens attributable to oligobunine taxa and isolated remains tentatively allocated to the genus Plesictis. In the present study, we report on a nearly complete cranium and a referred dentary of a new genus and species of mustelid. The specimens were recovered from the Turtle Cove and Kimberly Members of the John Day Formation, Oregon, USA. These excellently preserved specimens more confidently confirm the presence of mustelids in the Early and Late Oligocene (Early and Late Arikareean) of North America. Like the holotype specimen of ‘Plesictis’ julieni, the new species lacks an alisphenoid canal and a postprotocrista on the M1 (synapomorphies of Mustelidae), but retains a dorsally deep suprameatal fossa (a feature occasionally suggested to be unique to Procyonidae). Phylogenetic analyses, applying parsimony and Bayesian inference to combined molecular (five genes totalling 5490 bp) and morphological data, recover this new species of mustelid as sister-species to ‘Plesictis’ julieni. The results of these analyses reveal that the new genus is a close relative of other species of Plesictis and several taxa traditionally allied with Oligobuninae, thereby rendering Oligobuninae paraphyletic. We further discuss the significance of the relatively small size of this new mustelid as it relates to predictions based on increased aridification of the palaeoclimate and the expansion of open habitats in the Oligocene.

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