Impact of the development of agricultural land on the transmission of sleeping sickness in Daloa, Cote d'Ivoire

2000 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Fournet, S. Traore, A. Prost, E. Ca
Keyword(s):  
Cote D'ivoire ◽  
Côte D’Ivoire ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Sleeping Sickness ◽  
Cote D’Ivoire ◽  
Côte D'ivoire

scholarly journals Artisanal Mining Practice and Physical Impacts on the Environment in the Ity-Floleu Gold Region, Côte d'Ivoire

2021 ◽  
pp. 17-31
Author(s):  
Sandotin Lassina Coulıbaly ◽  
Franck Michaël Zahui ◽  
Lydie Clarisse Mangoua-Allali ◽  
Awa Cherif ◽  
Lacina Coulibaly
Keyword(s):  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Cote D'ivoire ◽  
Côte D’Ivoire ◽  
River Flow ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
River Sediments ◽  
Cote D’Ivoire ◽  
Water Flow Velocity ◽  
Artisanal Mining ◽  
Côte D'ivoire

This paper describes artisanal gold mining practices and environmental impacts around the Ity-Floleu gold mine, in western Côte d'Ivoire. Interviews and field observations as well as measurements of turbidity and water flow velocity in the section of the river (Cavally) watering the study area, made it possible to identify 13 artisanal mining sites, housing 247 artisans, operating in groups made up mainly of 5 to 10 people. The activity is dominated by local populations from the villages of Ity and Floleu and the surrounding communities. Gold mined comes from alluvial and vein ores, with a predominance of alluvial ore, extracted in the sediments of the bed and the banks of the river and in the soils, inside forests. In the bed of the river, sediments are dredged using machines placed on boats, from where they are washed in mats and then dumped into the watercourse. On the other hand, on the banks of the river and in the forests, the material used consists of picks, dabas, mats, and shovels. In all cases, gold is recovered as a concentrate of gold powder. As regards vein ores, they are also extracted along with the soils of cultivable land, but in the form of blocks of stone which are crushed and washed. The gold is then recovered using mercury, followed by cyanidation. The techniques used lead to the silting up and the fall of the banks of the river, reduction of agricultural land, and the degradation of the environment by the tailings. The Cavally River appears to be strongly impacted in the midstream part of the Ity-Floleu axis, marked by a decrease in the bed and the river flow velocity (0.19 m/s) and higher turbidity (255.3 NTU). More effective policies are urgently needed to restore degraded ecosystems, both aquatic and terrestrial.

Mixed infections of trypanosomes in tsetse and pigs and their epidemiological significance in a sleeping sickness focus of Côte d'Ivoire

Parasitology ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 129 (6) ◽  
pp. 693-702 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. JAMONNEAU ◽  
S. RAVEL ◽  
M. KOFFI ◽  
D. KABA ◽  
D. G. ZEZE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cote D'ivoire ◽  
Côte D’Ivoire ◽  
Forest Type ◽  
Sleeping Sickness ◽  
Mixed Infections ◽  
Animal Reservoir ◽  
Cote D’Ivoire ◽  
Riverine Forest ◽  
Côte D'ivoire ◽  
Group 1

In a sleeping sickness focus of Côte d'Ivoire, trypanosomes were characterized in humans, pigs and tsetse using various techniques. Out of 74 patients, all the 43 stocks isolated by KIVI (Kit for In Vitro Isolation) appeared to belong to only one zymodeme of Trypanosoma brucei gambiense group 1 (the major zymodeme Z3). The only stock isolated on rodents belonged to a different, new, zymodeme (Z50), of T. b. gambiense group 1. From 18 pigs sampled in the same locations as the patients, PCR showed a high proportion of mixed infections of T. brucei s. l. and T. congolense riverine-forest. Zymodemes of T. brucei s. l. from these pigs were different from those found in humans. From a total of 16260 captured tsetse (Glossina palpalis palpalis), 1701 were dissected and 28% were found to be infected by trypanosomes. The most prevalent trypanosome was T. congolense riverine-forest type, followed by T. vivax, T. brucei s. l. and T. congolense savannah type, this latter being associated to the forest type of T. congolense in most cases. Mixed infections by 2 or 3 of these trypanosomes were also found. Use of a microsatellite marker allowed us to distinguish T. b. gambiense group 1 in some of the mature infections in tsetse. Differences in infection rates and in trypanosome genotypes according to the host might indicate that the pig may not be an active animal reservoir for humans in this focus.

Urban agricultural land use and characterization of mosquito larval habitats in a medium-sized town of Côte d'Ivoire

2006 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 319-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Matthys ◽  
Eliézer K. N'Goran ◽  
Moussa Koné ◽  
Benjamin G. Koudou ◽  
Penelope Vounatsou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Cote D'ivoire ◽  
Côte D’Ivoire ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Agricultural Land Use ◽  
Cote D’Ivoire ◽  
Larval Habitats ◽  
Côte D'ivoire

scholarly journals Effets de six légumineuses spontanées les plus répandues dans les jachères naturelles sur la fertilité des sols dans la région de Daloa (Côte d’Ivoire)

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 1052-1064
Author(s):  
Nicaise Tetchi Akedrin ◽  
Bi Bianuvrin Noël Boué Voui ◽  
Odi Faustin Akotto ◽  
Sévérin Ake
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Cote D'ivoire ◽  
Côte D’Ivoire ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Cote D’Ivoire ◽  
Floristic Inventory ◽  
Côte D'ivoire

En Côte d’Ivoire, les pressions exercées sur les terres agricoles ont réduit la durée des jachères naturelles dominées par une végétation herbacée et dont la présence constitue une opportunité pour l’amélioration de la fertilité azotée des sols et la reconstitution minérale des sols dégradés. Pour cette étude, un inventaire floristique des légumineuses herbacées spontanées les plus répandues dans les jachères en constitution ont été effectuées suivie de la caractérisation physicochimique des échantillons du sol sous ces légumineuses ou non (témoin). Au total 6 espèces appartenant à deux familles (Fabaceae et Mimosaceae) et quatre genres (Calopogonium, Centrosema, Crotalaria et Pueraria) ont été inventoriées. Toutes ces espèces sont des Phanérophytes constitués majoritairement de lianes (83%) contre une minorité d’herbacées (17%). Le rapport C/N a varié de 09,5 à 12,8, demeurant ainsi dans la norme (9-12). Les sols prélevés sont quasi riches en matière organique (>1,30 g kg-1) à l’exception de celui recueilli sous Mimosa invisa (1,18±1,1g kg-1). La matière organique intervient dans les mécanismes de la libération de l’azote minéral, donc de la nutrition de la culture associée. Elle influe selon sa nature sur les propriétés physico-chimiques et biologiques du sol et a la capacité d’emmagasiner les réserves en eau.Mots clés : jachères naturelles, légumineuses subligneuses, inventaire, fertilisation, Côte d’Ivoire English title: Effects of six most common spontaneous legumes in natural fallows on soil fertility in the region of Daloa (Côte d’Ivoire)In Côte d'Ivoire, pressures on agricultural land have reduced the duration of natural fallows dominated by herbaceous vegetation and whose presence constitutes an opportunity for improving the nitrogen fertility of soils and the mineral replenishment of degraded soils. For this study, a floristic inventory of the most recurrent spontaneous herbaceous legumes colonizing these fallows in constitution was carried out followed by the physicochemical characterization of the soil samples under these legumes or not (control). A total of six species belonging to two families (Fabaceae and Mimosaceae) and four genera (Calopogonium, Centrosema, Crotalaria and Pueraria) were inventoried. All these species are Phanerophytes made up mainly of lianas (83%) against a minority of herbs (17%). The C / N ratio varied from 09.5 to 12.8, thus remaining within the norm (9-12). The soils sampled are almost rich in organic matter (> 1.30 g kg-1) with the exception of that collected under Mimosa invisa (1.18 ± 1.1 g kg-1). Organic matter is involved in the mechanisms of the release of mineral nitrogen, and therefore of the nutrition of the associated crop. Depending on its nature, it influences the physicochemical and biological properties of the soil and has the capacity to store water reserves.Keywords: Natural fallows, sublimers legumes, inventory, fertilization, Côte d’Ivoire.

scholarly journals The cost of tsetse control using ‘Tiny Targets’ in the sleeping sickness endemic forest area of Bonon in Côte d’Ivoire: Implications for comparing costs across different settings

2022 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. e0010033
Author(s):  
Fabrice Courtin ◽  
Dramane Kaba ◽  
Jean-Baptiste Rayaisse ◽  
Philippe Solano ◽  
Steve J. Torr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cote D'ivoire ◽  
Côte D’Ivoire ◽  
Sleeping Sickness ◽  
Cote D’Ivoire ◽  
Tsetse Control ◽  
Côte D'ivoire ◽  
Impact Indicators ◽  
Transmission Area ◽  
Average Annual Cost ◽  
The Cost

Background Work to control the gambiense form of human African trypanosomiasis (gHAT), or sleeping sickness, is now directed towards ending transmission of the parasite by 2030. In order to supplement gHAT case-finding and treatment, since 2011 tsetse control has been implemented using Tiny Targets in a number of gHAT foci. As this intervention is extended to new foci, it is vital to understand the costs involved. Costs have already been analysed for the foci of Arua in Uganda and Mandoul in Chad. This paper examines the costs of controlling Glossina palpalis palpalis in the focus of Bonon in Côte d’Ivoire from 2016 to 2017. Methodology/Principal findings Some 2000 targets were placed throughout the main gHAT transmission area of 130 km2 at a density of 14.9 per km2. The average annual cost was USD 0.5 per person protected, USD 31.6 per target deployed of which 12% was the cost of the target itself, or USD 471.2 per km2 protected. Broken down by activity, 54% was for deployment and maintenance of targets, 34% for tsetse surveys/monitoring and 12% for sensitising populations. Conclusions/Significance The cost of tsetse control per km2 of the gHAT focus protected in Bonon was more expensive than in Chad or Uganda, while the cost per km2 treated, that is the area where the targets were actually deployed, was cheaper. Per person protected, the Bonon cost fell between the two, with Uganda cheaper and Chad more expensive. In Bonon, targets were deployed throughout the protected area, because G. p. palpalis was present everywhere, whereas in Chad and Uganda G. fuscipes fuscipes was found only the riverine fringing vegetation. Thus, differences between gHAT foci, in terms of tsetse ecology and human geography, impact on the cost-effectiveness of tsetse control. It also demonstrates the need to take into account both the area treated and protected alongside other impact indicators, such as the cost per person protected.

scholarly journals A targeted door-to-door strategy for sleeping sickness detection in low-prevalence settings in Côte d’Ivoire

Parasite ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathurin Koffi ◽  
Martial N’Djetchi ◽  
Hamidou Ilboudo ◽  
Dramane Kaba ◽  
Bamoro Coulibaly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cote D'ivoire ◽  
Côte D’Ivoire ◽  
Sleeping Sickness ◽  
Cote D’Ivoire ◽  
Côte D'ivoire ◽  
Low Prevalence
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