Differential Selection of Intelligence According to Denominational Preference of College Freshmen

Several experimental evidences show that prions are non-conventional pathogens, which physical support consists only in proteins. This finding raised questions regarding the observed prion strain-to-strain variations and the species barrier that happened to be crossed with dramatic consequences on human health and veterinary policies during the last 3 decades. This review presents a focus on a few advances in the field of prion structure and prion strains characterization: from the historical approaches that allowed the concept of prion strains to emerge, to the last results demonstrating that a prion strain may in fact be a combination of a few quasi species with subtle biophysical specificities. Then, we will focus on the current knowledge on the factors that impact species barrier strength and species barrier crossing. Finally, we present probable scenarios on how the interaction of strain properties with host characteristics may account for differential selection of new conformer variants and eventually species barrier crossing.

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Differential Selection of Acridine Resistance Mutations in Human DNA Topoisomerase IIβ Is Dependent on the Acridine Structure

Molecular Pharmacology ◽

10.1124/mol.106.032953 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 71 (4) ◽

pp. 1006-1014 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Chrysoula Leontiou ◽

Gary P. Watters ◽

Kathryn L. Gilroy ◽

Pauline Heslop ◽

Ian G. Cowell ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Resistance Mutations ◽

Dna Topoisomerase ◽

Differential Selection ◽

Human Dna ◽

Selection Of

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Differential Selection of Single-Step AmpC or Efflux Mutants of Pseudomonas aeruginosa by Using Cefepime, Ceftazidime, or Ceftobiprole

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy ◽

10.1128/aac.00060-10 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 54 (10) ◽

pp. 4092-4097 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Anne Marie Queenan ◽

Wenchi Shang ◽

Karen Bush ◽

Robert K. Flamm

Keyword(s):

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Single Step ◽

Differential Selection ◽

Selection Of

ABSTRACT Single-step Pseudomonas aeruginosa mutants, selected with ceftobiprole, ceftazidime, or cefepime, were generated at frequencies of 10−6 to <10−9 at two and four times the MIC. The chromosomal AmpC β-lactamase activity was increased in all ceftazidime-selected mutants. Mutants selected with cefepime either increased AmpC activity or upregulated expression of the mexXY efflux genes. Mutants selected with ceftobiprole did not overexpress AmpC; 90% of these produced elevated levels of mexXY RNA, indicating that increased efflux, not AmpC derepression, is the predominant response to ceftobiprole during first-step mutations in P. aeruginosa.

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