Sex Differences in Small Group Performance

1962 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond B. Cattell ◽  
Edwin D. Lawson
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrik Olsson

Aggregating decisions from larger groups typically results in outcomes with higher accuracy than decision outcomes from single individuals or smaller groups. Here I argue that it is important to consider not only overall proportion of correct decisions, but also individual competencies in terms of hits (h) and correct rejections (cr). I show that small groups can perform better than randomly selected individuals and larger groups in a single task when the average individual proportion correct is above .5, h and cr are asymmetric around .5, and h+cr>1. If the average individual proportion correct is below .5 and h+cr<1, small groups perform worse than individuals and larger groups. I also demonstrate that these two performance patterns can occur in empirical data from studies on violent recidivism, psychiatric morbidity, anxiety, and deception detection. I also show that the presence of correlations between decisions in a single task has both beneficial and detrimental effects when it comes to small group performance.


Social Forces ◽  
1953 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Adams

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lancer A. Scott ◽  
Layne A. Madden ◽  
Amy E. Wahlquist ◽  
Daniel W. Fisher

AbstractPurposeClinical disaster medicine requires providers working collaboratively to care for multiple patients, yet many clinicians lack competency-based training. A 5-hour emergency preparedness training (EPT) curriculum was created using didactics, small group discussion, and scenario-based learning. The goal was to evaluate the effect of a short course on improving clinical-provider knowledge, confidence and skill.MethodsParticipants were enrolled in a medical university between 2011 and 2014. The course consisted of didactic lectures, small group exercises, and live mass-casualty training scenarios. Core competencies and performance objectives were developed by a task force and assessed via facilitator observation, pre- and posttesting, and a course evaluation.ResultsA total of 708 participants were trained, including 49.9% physicians, 31.9% medical students, 7.2% nurses, and 11% allied health personnel. The average percentage of correct answers increased from 39% to 60% (P<0.01). Following didactics, trainees met 73% and 96% of small group performance objectives. Trainees also met 68.5% and 61.1% of the mass-casualty performance objectives. Average trainee self-assessment of disaster-preparedness skill improved from 36 to 73 points out of 100.ConclusionA brief, intensive EPT course can improve the disaster knowledge and comfort level of a diverse group of clinical providers as well as foster disaster-performance skills. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2018;12:121–126)


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