Application of hepatitis B immunoglobulin in prevention of mother-to-child transmission of chronic hepatitis B in HBsAg- and HBeAg-positive mother

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Qiong Luo ◽  
Hong Wang ◽  
Jia Wei Fang ◽  
Zhao Wen Gu ◽  
Dong Jie Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B ◽  
Mother To Child Transmission ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
Positive Mother ◽  
Hepatitis B Immunoglobulin ◽  
Mother To Child

Update in management of hepatitis B in pregnancy and prevention of mother to child hepatitis B transmission

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Naichaya Chamroonkul
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Viral Load ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B ◽  
High Viral Load ◽  
World Population ◽  
Hepatitis B Infection ◽  
Mother To Child Transmission ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
Mother To Child

Even with two decades of widespread using hepatitis B vaccination, chronic hepatitis B remains a major global health problem. In Thailand, the prevalence of chronic hepatitis B infection was down from 8 - 10% in last decade to 5% recently. Failure to control mother to child transmission is one of the important barriers to the total elimination of hepatitis B infection from world population. In the majority, vertical transmission can be prevented with a universal screening program, immunoprophylaxis by administration of hepatitis B vaccine and hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIg) for babies born to mothers with HBV. However, in mothers with a high viral load, the chance of immunoprophylaxis failure remains high. To date, there are standard recommendations by all international liver societies including AASLD, EASL and APASL suggest introducing an antiviral agent during the third trimester to CHB pregnant women with a high viral load. Previous US FDA pregnancy category B agents such as Tenofovir and Telbivudine are allowed through all trimesters of pregnancy and are effective for prevention of mother to child transmission. Breastfeeding for patients who receive antiviral agents can be allowed after a risk-benefit discussion with the patient and family.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Nucleotide/Nucleoside Analogues and Hepatitis B Immunoglobulin Therapy in Blocking Mother-to-Child Transmission of Hepatitis B in an Eastern Chinese Group

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Xiaojun Sun ◽  
Chengwei Wang ◽  
Bian Wang ◽  
Xiuzhen Yang ◽  
Hongtao Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Nucleoside Analogues ◽  
Mother To Child Transmission ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
Hepatitis B Immunoglobulin ◽  
Mother To Child ◽  
Hbv Transmission

The objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy and potential side-effects of nucleotide/nucleoside analogues and hepatitis B immunoglobulin injection of newborns in blocking mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B virus in the middle and late pregnancy period. 238 cases of enrolled pregnant women were divided into the Telbivudine group, the Tenofovir group, the Lamivudine group, and the hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) group. Enrolled patients received corresponding therapies. Clinical and laboratory data were collected. Results showed that the levels of HBV DNA of the enrolled pregnant women in the Telbivudine, Tenofovir, and Lamivudine groups decreased rapidly after 12 weeks of drug intervention compared with those in the control. HBsAg positive rate in newborns and in children 24 weeks after birth was 0/60, 0/60, 0/60, 3/30, and 11/28 in the Telbivudine, Tenofovir, Lamivudine, HBIG, and control groups, respectively. No significant side-effects were identified after following up to 12 months after birth. Our results show that routine HBV vaccine plus HBIG injections is insufficient in blocking mother-to-child HBV transmission. Administration of nucleotide/nucleoside analogues or HBIG at pregnancy is suggested to maximize the blocking of vertical HBV transmission.

scholarly journals A knowledge survey of obstetrics and gynecology staff on the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B virus

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (05) ◽  
pp. 391-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yali Hu ◽  
Xinwei Dai ◽  
Yi-Hua Zhou ◽  
Huixia Yang
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Mother To Child Transmission ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B Immunoglobulin ◽  
Knowledge Survey ◽  
Mother To Child

Introduction: This survey was designed to investigate the knowledge awareness of obstetrics and gynaecology staff (Obs/Gyn staff) on the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of hepatitis B virus (HBV). Methodology: Obs/Gyn staff from 21 of the 31 Chinese mainland provinces, who attended medical meetings or training classes from July to October 2011, were invited to complete a questionnaire regarding PMTCT of HBV. The questionnaire included the clinical implications of HBV serologic markers and PMTCT preventive measures for both pregnant women and infants. Results: A total of 828 questionnaires were distributed, 617 (74.5%) Obs/Gyn staff participated in the survey, and 559 (90.6%) questionnaires met the inclusion criteria. Overall, 90% of participants correctly determined the positive hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) as infectious, but up to 27.5% mistakenly considered the presence of anti-HBe and/or anti-HBc with negative HBsAg as infectious. In total, 96.3% respondents knew that pregnant women should be screened for HBV infection, and 95.3% realized that infants of HBsAg-positive mothers should be injected with hepatitis B immunoglobulin and vaccine. On the other hand, with the available immunoprophylaxis, 13.8% participants mistakenly believed caesarean section may prevent HBV mother-to-child transmission, and only 13% correctly answered that newborns of HBsAg positive mothers may be breastfed. Conclusion: Obs/Gyn staff in China have mastered the strategies of HBV PMTCT, but there is obvious insufficiency in details of the application. Intensified efforts to train the Obs/Gyn staff are required to improve the current suboptimal medical service in HBV-exposed infants and to control mother-to-infant transmission of HBV.

scholarly journals The efficacy of two different doses of hepatitis B immunoglobulin in interrupting mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B virus: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shan Fu ◽  
NaiJuan Yao ◽  
YaLi Feng ◽  
Juan Li ◽  
YuChao Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Hbv Dna ◽  
Mother To Child Transmission ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B Immunoglobulin ◽  
Mother To Child ◽  
Hbeag Status

Abstract Background: There isn’t consensus about the optimal dose of hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) in combination with hepatitis B vaccine to preventing mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of hepatitis B virus(HBV).Methods: We systematically searched MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Library from database inception to Jan 16, 2019 for studies. The primary outcome was HBsAg and/or HBV DNA positive in infants at 6-12 months old. We performed a meta-analysis with a random-effects model to calculate a pooled estimate of MTCT.Results: We included 31 studies, comprising of 12151 infants. There wasn't significant differences in the pooled MTCT rates between 100 IU HBIG group and 200 IU HBIG group (5% vs 5%, P = 0.757). When further stratified according to HBeAg status, in HBeAg(+) mothers, 7% (95%CI 4%-11%) infants became chronic HBV infection in 100 IU HBIG group compared to 7% (95%CI 5%-9%）in 200 IU group. The rates were 1% (95%CI 0%-2%) in 100IU group and 0% (95%CI 0%-1%) in 200IU group in infants born to HBeAg(-) mothers, respectively. When further comparing MTCT in infants from mothers with HBV DNA≥1×10^6 IU/mL, the pooled MTCT rate was 12% (95%CI 7%-17%) in 100IU group and 8% (95%CI 5%-13%) in 200IU group, respectively. In addition, comparative analysis of four studies concerning two different dosages of HBIG further manifested the comparability.Conclusion: 100 IU HBIG is sufficient in preventing MTCT for infants from chronic hepatitis B infected mothers, regardless of maternal HBeAg status or viral load.

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