Relationship between the relative age effect and anthropometry, maturity and performance in young soccer players

2013 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 479-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susana Maria Gil ◽  
Aduna Badiola ◽  
Iraia Bidaurrazaga-Letona ◽  
Jon Zabala-Lili ◽  
Leyre Gravina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Effect ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Relative Age ◽  
Relative Age Effect ◽  
And Performance

scholarly journals “He’s Just a Wee Laddie”: The Relative Age Effect in Male Scottish Soccer

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
James H. Dugdale ◽  
Allistair P. McRobert ◽  
Viswanath B. Unnithan
Keyword(s):  
Financial Constraints ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Effect ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Male Youth ◽  
Youth Soccer ◽  
Relative Age ◽  
Relative Age Effect ◽  
And Performance

Significant structural, developmental, and financial constraints exist in Scottish soccer that may predicate a different approach to talent identification and development. To our knowledge, no published reports exist evaluating the prevalence of the relative age effect (RAE) in Scottish soccer players. Consequently, the aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of the RAE among varied playing levels and ages of male Scottish youth soccer players. Birthdates of male youth players (n = 1,230) from U10 to U17 age groups and from playing levels: “Amateur” (n = 482), “Development” (n = 214), and “Performance” (n = 534), alongside a group of male Scottish senior professional players (n = 261) were recorded and categorized into quartiles (Q1 = January–March; Q2 = April–June; Q3 = July–September; and Q4 = October–December) and semesters (S1 = January–June and S2 = July–December) from the start of the selection year. Birthdates were analyzed for: (a) each playing level and (b) each age group irrespective of playing level. For the varied playing levels examined, an RAE was evident in “Development” and “Performance” playing levels only at youth level. When examining each age group, an RAE was observed in U12–U17 players only. While there was a slight asymmetry favoring Q1 born senior professional players, the RAE was not present within this group of our sample. Results from our study suggest that a bias in selecting individuals born earlier in the selection year may exist within male soccer academy structures, but not at amateur level. The asymmetry favoring chronologically older players at youth but not professional level questions the efficacy of this (un)conscious bias within male Scottish soccer players.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Relative Age Effect in Russian Soccer: The Role of Chronological Age and Performance

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (21) ◽  
pp. 4055 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduard Nikolayevich Bezuglov ◽  
Pantelis Theodoros Nikolaidis ◽  
Vladimir Khaitin ◽  
Elvira Usmanova ◽  
Anastasiya Luibushkina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Effect ◽  
Fourth Quarter ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Chronological Age ◽  
Children And Adolescent ◽  
Relative Age ◽  
Relative Age Effect ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Selection Of

The relative age effect (RAE) has been well studied in adolescent and adult soccer players; however, less information has been available about children engaged in regular soccer training and the role of performance. Thus, the aim of the present study was to examine the prevalence of RAE in children and adolescent soccer players, as well as the role of age and performance. Russian soccer players (n = 10,446) of various ages, playing positions and performance levels were examined for their date of birth. It was observed that RAE was widespread in Russian soccer teams of all age groups. RAE was most pronounced in children teams of the top tier Russian soccer academies and junior Russia national teams, where the proportions of soccer players born in the first quarter were 43.9% and 39.8%, respectively, whereas those born in the fourth quarter of the year were 7.7% and 6.3%, respectively. In top tier soccer academies, RAE did not vary by age group. In the middle tier soccer academies, RAE was less pronounced. It was still prevalent in the junior teams of the top tier clubs of the Russian Premier League, where 14.3% of the soccer players were born in the fourth quarter of the year compared to 42.9% born in the first quarter of the year. RAE can be observed in the top tier Russian adult teams as well, although it is less pronounced there. In summary, RAE is highly prevalent in Russian children and junior soccer and is associated with the level of competitiveness. At the same time, the proportion of players born in the fourth quarter of the year is higher in adult teams than in junior and youth teams, which is most likely due to the wider selection of players, not limited by their age and place of residence. In junior teams, RAE results in a bias towards selection of players who are more physically mature, whereas children who may be more talented but are less developed due to their younger chronological age tend to be overlooked.

scholarly journals Does Relative Age Effect Exist among Norwegian Professional Soccer Players?

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nora Wiium ◽  
Yngrar Ommundsen ◽  
Hege R. Enksen ◽  
Stein Atle Lie
Keyword(s):  
Age Effect ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Relative Age ◽  
Relative Age Effect ◽  
Professional Soccer

scholarly journals Relative age effect, skeletal maturation and aerobic running performance in youth soccer players

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anderson Santiago Teixeira ◽  
Juliano Fernandes da Silva ◽  
Priscila Cristina dos Santos ◽  
Paulo Cesar do Nascimento Salvador ◽  
Fernando de Souza Campos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Effect ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Skeletal Maturation ◽  
Running Performance ◽  
Youth Soccer ◽  
Relative Age ◽  
Relative Age Effect

Relative age effect and performance in elite male and female water polo players

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 175-177
Author(s):  
J. Barrenetxea-Garcia ◽  
J. Torres-Unda ◽  
I. Esain ◽  
A. Rodriguez-Larrad ◽  
S.M. Gil
Keyword(s):  
Age Effect ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Relative Age ◽  
Water Polo ◽  
Relative Age Effect ◽  
And Performance

Relative age effect in Brazilian soccer players: a historical analysis

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 563-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Israel Teoldo Da Costa ◽  
R. Maicon Albuquerque ◽  
Júlio Garganta
Keyword(s):  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Age Effect ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Relative Age ◽  
Relative Age Effect

Relative age effect and performance in the U16, U18 and U20 European Basketball Championships

2015 ◽  
Vol 34 (16) ◽  
pp. 1530-1534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haritz Arrieta ◽  
Jon Torres-Unda ◽  
Susana María Gil ◽  
Jon Irazusta
Keyword(s):  
Age Effect ◽  
Relative Age ◽  
Relative Age Effect ◽  
And Performance

scholarly journals Relative Age Effect in Canadian Hockey: Prevalence, Perceived Competence and Performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Lemoyne ◽  
Vincent Huard Pelletier ◽  
François Trudeau ◽  
Simon Grondin
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Competence ◽  
Age Effect ◽  
Performance Outcomes ◽  
Physical Activities ◽  
Ice Hockey ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Relative Age ◽  
Relative Age Effect ◽  
And Performance

The term “relative age effect” (RAE) is used to describe a bias in which participation in sports (and other fields) is higher among people who were born at the beginning of the relevant selection period than would be expected from the distribution of births. In sports, RAEs may affect the psychological experience of players as well as their performance. This article presents 2 studies. Study 1 aims to verify the prevalence of RAEs in minor hockey and test its associations with players' physical self-concept and attitudes toward physical activities in general. Study 2 verifies the prevalence of the RAE and analyzes the performance of Canadian junior elite players as a function of their birth quartile. In study 1, the sample is drawn from 404 minor hockey players who have evolved from a recreational to an elite level. Physical self-concept and attitudes toward different kinds of physical activities were assessed via questionnaires. Results showed that the RAE is prevalent in minor hockey at all competition levels. Minor differences in favor of Q1-born players were observed regarding physical self-concept, but not attitudes. In study 2, data analyses were conducted from the 2018–2019 Canadian Hockey League database. Birth quartiles were compared on different components of performance by using quantile regression on each variable. Results revealed that RAEs are prevalent in the CHL, with Q1 players tending to outperform Q4 players in games played and power-play points. No other significant differences were observed regarding anthropometric measures and other performance outcomes. RAEs are still prevalent in Canadian hockey. Building up perceived competence and providing game-time exposure are examples of aspects that need to be addressed when trying to minimize RAEs in ice hockey.

scholarly journals Relative age effect on the reaction time of soccer players under 13 years old

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 194-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Macedo Penna ◽  
Marco Túlio de Mello ◽  
Renato Melo Ferreira ◽  
Luiz Carlos Couto de Albuquerque Moraes ◽  
Varley Teoldo da Costa
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Movement Time ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Age Effect ◽  
Important Variable ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Season Of Birth ◽  
Relative Age ◽  
Relative Age Effect ◽  
Pearson Correlation Analysis

The relative age effect, which is the advantage obtained by an athlete born closer to the beginning of the selection year, has been shown to be an important variable in the development of soccer players. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of the season of birth on the choice reaction time (CRT) of elite soccer athletes in the under 13 years of age category. Seventy-six athletes participated who were 13.36 ± 0.45 years old. The volunteers were tested with a CRT test, and the results were divided according to the semester of birth (S1 or S2). We conducted a t-test in order to compare the results between groups and a Pearson correlation analysis to verify the associations between variables. The results indicated no differences in reaction time (r= .033 and p = .772) or movement time (r = .0073 and p = .530). It was concluded that for this population, the season of birth does not influence the performance of the capabilities tested.

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