A new lepidosauromorph reptile from the Middle Triassic (Ladinian) of Germany and its phylogenetic relationships

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. e1444619 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rainer R. Schoch ◽  
Hans-Dieter Sues
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Middle Triassic

scholarly journals Heteropelta boboi n. gen., n. sp. an armored archosauriform (Reptilia: Archosauromorpha) from the Middle Triassic of Italy

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e12468
Author(s):  
Fabio Marco Dalla Vecchia
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Middle Triassic ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Northeastern Italy ◽  
Postcranial Remains

Heteropelta boboi is a new archosauriform reptile from the upper Anisian of northeastern Italy represented by a fragment of dorsal armor with a row of neural arches of the dorsal vertebrae. The dorsal armor of the new taxon is composed of two columns of paramedian osteoderms and at least six columns of lateral osteoderms. Unlike other armored archosaurs, the osteoderms are imbricated with the posterior osteoderm overlapping the anterior one. The low neural arches bear small neural spines and long postzygapophyses. The osteoderms of the lateral columns increase in size and change in shape from the most medial to the most lateral columns. Among the Archosauriformes, only the non-archosaur proterochampsians Vancleavea campi, Litorosuchus somnii, and the doswelliids have dorsal armor comprised of more than two columns of osteoderms per side, but the morphology and arrangement of their osteoderms is unlike those of the new Italian taxon. A cladistic analysis of Archosauromorpha positions Heteropelta boboi as either a basal phytosaur or a basal suchian. However, a second cladistic analysis focused on armored archosaurs alternatively positions the new taxon as a basal archosauriform, basal suchian, basal loricatan or crocodylomorph. Better resolution of the phylogenetic relationships of Heteropelta boboi will likely be obtained only with the discovery of cranial and postcranial remains associated with its diagnostic armor elements.

scholarly journals Neopterygian phylogeny: the merger assay

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 172337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana López-Arbarello ◽  
Emilia Sferco
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Late Jurassic ◽  
Middle Triassic ◽  
Late Triassic ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Phylogenetic Hypothesis ◽  
Monophyletic Clade ◽  
Crown Group ◽  
Rapid Radiation ◽  
Cladistic Analyses

The phylogenetic relationships of the recently described genus † Ticinolepis from the Middle Triassic of the Monte San Giorgio are explored through cladistic analyses of the so far largest morphological dataset for fossil actinopterygians, including representatives of the crown-neopterygian clades Halecomorphi, Ginglymodi and Teleostei, and merging the characters from previously published systematic studies together with newly proposed characters. † Ticinolepis is retrieved as the most basal Ginglymodi and our results support the monophyly of Teleostei and Holostei, as well as Halecomorphi and Ginglymodi within the latter clade. The patterns of relationships within these clades mostly agree with those of previous studies, although a few important differences require future research. According to our results, ionoscopiforms are not monophyletic, caturids are not amiiforms and leptolepids and luisiellids form a monophyletic clade. Our phylogenetic hypothesis confirms the rapid radiation of the holostean clades Halecomorphi and Ginglymodi during the Early and Middle Triassic and the radiation of pholidophoriform teleosts during the Late Triassic. Crown-group Halecomorphi have an enormous ghost lineage throughout half of the Mesozoic, but ginglymodians and teleosts show a second radiation during the Early Jurassic. The crown-groups of Halecomorphi, Ginglymodi and Teleostei originated within parallel events of radiation during the Late Jurassic.

A new pachypleurosaur (Reptilia: Sauropterygia) from the lower Middle Triassic of southwestern China and the phylogenetic relationships of Chinese pachypleurosaurs

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 292-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Liu ◽  
Olivier Rieppel ◽  
Da-Yong Jiang ◽  
Jonathan C. Aitchison ◽  
Ryosuke Motani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Middle Triassic ◽  
Southwestern China

DOLICHURANUS PRIMAEVUS (THERAPSIDA: ANOMODONTIA) FROM THE MIDDLE TRIASSIC OF NAMIBIA AND ITS PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIPS

Palaeontology ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 1531-1546 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROSS DAMIANI ◽  
CECÍLIO VASCONCELOS ◽  
ALAIN RENAUT ◽  
JOHN HANCOX ◽  
ADAM YATES
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Middle Triassic

Progress and future directions in archosaur phylogenetics

2001 ◽  
Vol 75 (6) ◽  
pp. 1185-1201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher A. Brochu
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Fossil Record ◽  
Middle Triassic ◽  
Basic Structure ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Crown Group ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Divergence Timing

The basic structure of archosaurian phylogeny is understood to include two primary crown-group lineages—one leading to living crocodiles and including a broad diversity of Triassic animals (e.g., phytosaurs, rauisuchians, aetosaurs), and another leading to dinosaurs (living and extinct). These lineages were established by the middle Triassic. A few extinct groups remain controversial, such as the pterosaurs, and debate persists over the phylogenetic relationships among extant bird lineages, which have proved difficult to resolve, and divergence timing estimates within Aves and Crocodylia remain the source of contention. A few analyses support a close relationship between archosaurs and turtles, or even a nesting of turtles within Archosauria. All sources of information used to resolve these issues have weaknesses, and these problems all involve highly derived lineages when they first appear in the fossil record.

A new carnivorous cynodont (Synapsida, Therapsida) from the Brazilian Mid-dle Triassic (Santa Maria Formation): Candelariodon barberenai gen. et sp. nov.

Zootaxa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 3027 (1) ◽  
pp. 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
TÉO VEIGA DE OLIVEIRA ◽  
CESAR LEANDRO SCHULTZ ◽  
MARINA BENTO SOARES ◽  
CARLOS NUNES RODRIGUES
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Middle Triassic ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Main Cusp ◽  
Shallow Basin ◽  
Santa Maria ◽  
Angular Process

A new small cynodont, Candelariodon barberenai gen. et sp. nov., from the Middle Triassic of Brazil (Santa Maria Formation) is reported. The new taxon is represented by a partial mandible having some complete teeth. The morphology of the dentary and splenial is similar to other carnivorous cynodonts, except for the absence of the angular process of the dentary. The anterior-most lower teeth are slightly expanded buccolingually with a tall and posteriorly curved main cusp and one or two accessory cusps. The posterior-most preserved lower postcanine, however, has lingual and buccal rows of cusps, each formed by four anteroposteriorly aligned cusps, separated by a shallow basin. This tooth resembles the posterior-most lower teeth of Aleodon Crompton 1955 from the Middle Triassic of Tanzania, but the anterior-most teeth of Candelariodon and Aleodon are essentially different. In this context, the phylogenetic relationships of the new taxon remain unclear until the discovery of more informative material.

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