Taxonomic and biological characterization and predatory activity of four nematophagous fungi isolates of Arthrobotrys species from Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico

We determined the morphological taxonomy of eighteen nematophagous fungi (NF), as well as their in vitro predatory activity against Haemonchus contortus infective larvae (L3). Fungi were classified into six genera and three species, the most common of which were Monacrosporium eudermatum and Arthrobotrys oligospora. We then sequenced five NF isolates using ITS4 and ITS5 primers. These sequences showed high identity with sequences from the NCBI database (98-99%). In contrast, alignments among the same genera and species demonstrated 83–97% identity. Polymorphisms observed between Arthrobotrys and Monacrosporium appear to be associated with differences in biological function, nonspecific mutations, evolutionary processes, feeding behaviour, predatory activity, and microecosystems.

Download Full-text

Predatory activity of nematophagous fungi on infective larvae of Ancylostoma sp.: evaluation in vitro and after passing through the gastrointestinal tract of dogs

Journal of Helminthology ◽

10.1017/s0022149x08158965 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 83 (3) ◽

pp. 231-236 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

R.O. Carvalho ◽

J.V. Araújo ◽

F.R. Braga ◽

J.M. Araujo ◽

A.R. Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gastrointestinal Tract ◽

Nematophagous Fungi ◽

Biological Control Agents ◽

Duddingtonia Flagrans ◽

Predatory Activity ◽

The Mean ◽

Predatory Capacity ◽

I 31

AbstractThe predatory capacity of nematophagous fungi Duddingtonia flagrans (AC001), Monacrosporium thaumasium (NF34a), M. appendiculatum (CGI), M. sinense (SF53), Arthrobotrys conoides (I-40), A. cladodes (CG719) and A. robusta (I-31) on infective Ancylostoma sp. larvae (L3) was evaluated. Compared with the control without fungi there was a significant reduction (P < 0.05) of 87.02%, 82.74%, 47.93%, 60.49%, 76.89%, 71.33% and 86.02% in the mean number of Ancylostoma sp. (L3) recovered from treatments with the isolates AC001, NF34a, CGI, SF53, I-40, CG719 and I-31, respectively. Isolates AC001, I-31 and NF34a were more effective in capturing L3 during the in vitro assay. Isolates were then in vivo evaluated for the capacity to remain viable after passing through the gastrointestinal tract of dogs, while still maintaining their predatory activity against L3. Fungal isolates survived the passage and showed efficient predation 48 h after fungal administration to the dogs (P < 0.05). After this time, only the isolate NF34a remained effective up to 96 h after administration (P < 0.05). Monacrosporium thaumasium, D. flagrans and A. robusta are potential biological control agents of Ancylostoma sp. in dogs.

Download Full-text

In vitro predatory activity of nematophagous fungi isolated from water buffalo feces and from soil in the Mexican southeastern

Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária ◽

10.1590/s1984-29612019011 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 28 (2) ◽

pp. 314-319 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nadia Florencia Ojeda-Robertos ◽

Liliana Aguilar-Marcelino ◽

Agustín Olmedo-Juárez ◽

Carlos Luna-Palomera ◽

Jorge Alonso Peralta-Torres ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Haemonchus Contortus ◽

Room Temperature ◽

Water Buffalo ◽

Reduction Rate ◽

Nematophagous Fungi ◽

Arthrobotrys Oligospora ◽

Predatory Activity ◽

Infective Larvae ◽

Petri Dishes

Abstract Nematophagous fungi from the feces of water buffalo and soil from southeastern Mexico were isolated, and their in vitro predatory activity against Haemonchus contortus infective larvae (L3) (HcL3) was assessed. The fungi were isolated by sprinkling soil or feces on water agar plates. Six series of 10 Petri dishes containing a 7-day-old culture of each fungus and a series without fungi as the control were prepared. Five hundred HcL3 were added to each plate. The plates were incubated at room temperature. The average of recovered HcL3 was considered to estimate the larval reduction rate. Four nematophagous fungi isolates corresponding to Arthrobotrys oligospora, var microspora (strains 4-276, 269 and 50-80) and one identified as A. oligospora,var. oligospora (isolates 48-80) were obtained from water buffalo feces. From the soil, five isolates were isolated; three corresponded to A. musiformis (Bajío, Yumca and Macuspana isolates), and two isolates were identified as A. oligospora (Comalcalco and Jalapa de Méndez isolates). The predatory activity of isolates from water buffalo feces ranged between 85.9 and 100%. Meanwhile, the fungi from the soil ranged between 55.5 and 100% (p≤0.05). The nematophagous fungi obtained could have important implications in the control of parasites of importance in the livestock industry.

Download Full-text

The use of soy protein polymers as a release device for nematophagous fungi in the control of parasitic nematodes in ruminants

Journal of Helminthology ◽

10.1017/s0022149x13000394 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 88 (4) ◽

pp. 511-514 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

M.F. Sagüés ◽

P. Purslow ◽

A.S. Fernández ◽

L.E. Iglesias ◽

L.A. Fusé ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soy Protein ◽

Physical Structure ◽

Nematophagous Fungi ◽

Parasitic Nematodes ◽

Duddingtonia Flagrans ◽

Protein Polymers ◽

Predatory Activity ◽

Nematode Parasites ◽

Release Device ◽

Petri Dishes

AbstractThis trial was conducted to evaluate the predatory activity of Duddingtonia flagrans incorporated into soy protein-based polymers as a controlled-release device (CRD). The rate of fungal release from the polymers and time of residence of the CRD in the rumen of a cannulated sheep was also determined. After administration to the sheep, the CRD was extracted at weekly intervals over a month for observation of its physical structure and faeces were collected to observe the subsequent predatory activity of the fungus in Petri dishes with water-agar 2% and Panagrellus spp. as bait. The CRD slowly degraded in the rumen over 4 weeks and liberated D. flagrans into the faeces. The formulation of the soy protein-based polymers did not affect the predatory activity of the fungus. The study demonstrates that biodegradable soy protein polymers could potentially improve the use of nematophagous fungi for controlling nematode parasites of ruminants.

Download Full-text