Influence of row spacing and weed control methods on weed population dynamics in soybean (Glycine max L.)

Effects of nonchemical weed control on weed and seedbank demography in ridge-tilled fields were simulated to examine long-term effects on weed population dynamics. Ridge tillage entails active seedbank management, including removal of much of the seedbank from the crop growth zone (ridge) to the interridge zone (furrow) at planting, and other seedbank manipulations. Dynamics of simulated yellow foxtail and velvetleaf populations were sharply sensitive to the rate of seed removal from the ridge. Variation in winter seed survival, ridge plant demography (emergence, survival, and seed production), and seed survival in the furrow after removal from the ridge also had strong effects on simulated dynamics. To prevent rapid population growth in a simulated corn-soybean rotation, very effective control of seedlings emerging with each crop was necessary to offset seed production from seedlings emerging after ridge rebuilding in corn years. Dynamics of both species were highly sensitive to cultivation efficiency. Effective “rescue” weed control must be available to prevent sharp increases in weed seedbanks during years when cultivation is ineffective.

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WEED POPULATION DYNAMICS IN RECENTLY ESTABLISHED TIMOTHY STANDS: GROWTH AND PHYSIOGNOMY OF THE WEED COMPONENTS

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps87-139 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 67 (4) ◽

pp. 1035-1044

Author(s):

C. LEMIEUX ◽

A. K. WATSON ◽

J.-M. DESCHÊNES

Keyword(s):

Population Dynamics ◽

Weed Control ◽

Management System ◽

Red Clover ◽

Phleum Pratense ◽

Botanical Composition ◽

Short Term ◽

Weed Population ◽

Weed Population Dynamics

In two experiments conducted in the field between 1983 and 1985, timothy was established with or without barley, red clover, grassy weeds and broadleaf weeds. The plots were sampled during establishment and production years. At each sampling, the botanical composition was evaluated to characterize the weed populations. Throughout establishment, the weed populations were dominated by annual broadleaf and grassy weeds which, when growing separately, produced comparable amounts of biomass. However, when growing together, the grassy weeds were clearly dominated by the broadleaf weeds. During the subsequent production years, the weedy populations were dominated by perennial broadleaf weeds. Neither the structure of the weed populations, nor the short-term dynamics of the grassy weed populations were affected by the management system used. However, the short-term dynamics of the broadleaf weed populations were influenced by barley, red clover and the weed control treatments applied during the year of establishment. The use of barley accelerated the growth of the broadleaf weed populations while red clover delayed it. Subsequent broadleaf weed populations were noticeably larger in the plots where they were allowed to grow during the establishment year.Key words: Broadleaf weeds, grassy weeds, Phleum pratense, competition, short-term dynamics

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Weed seed return as influenced by the critical weed-free period and row spacing of no-till glyphosate-resistant soybean

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/p01-049 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 81 (4) ◽

pp. 877-880 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Kevin Chandler, Anil Shrestha, and Swanton

Keyword(s):

Weed Control ◽

Weed Management ◽

Soil Surface ◽

Integrated Weed Management ◽

Row Spacing ◽

Critical Periods ◽

Weed Seed ◽

No Till ◽

Weed Population Dynamics ◽

Glycine Max L

Seed return from later-emerging weeds is a concern in soybean management systems based on critical periods for weed control. This study in Ontario estimated the weed seed return to the soil surface as influenced by the duration of weed control in soybean and soybean row spacing. Weeds emerging after the 1- to 2-trifoliate stage of soybean development did not increase the weed seedbank population compared to the residual population in the weed-free control. Weed seed return was greater in 76 cm than in 38 cm or 19 cm (twin rows) soybean row spacings. Key words: Seedbank, weed population dynamics, integrated weed management, glyphosate-resistant soybean, [Glycine max (L.) Merr].

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Effect of Row Spacing on Weed Control in Soybeans

Weed Science ◽

10.1017/s0043174500047743 ◽

1968 ◽

Vol 16 (4) ◽

pp. 462-465 ◽

Cited By ~ 72

Author(s):

L. M. Wax ◽

J. W. Pendleton

Keyword(s):

Glycine Max ◽

Weed Control ◽

Field Studies ◽

Row Spacing ◽

Control Methods ◽

Annual Grass ◽

Soybean Yield ◽

Yield Increase ◽

Triiodobenzoic Acid

Field studies were conducted over a 2-year period at Urbana, Illinois, to evaluate soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr., var. Harosoy 63 and Wayne) and weed yields as influenced by row spacing, variety, weed control methods, and 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid (hereinafter referred to as TIBA). Soybean yield increased and weed yield decreased as row spacing was decreased. Compared to the yield from 40-inch rows, soybean yield increase was 10, 18, and 20% for 30, 20, and 10-inch rows, respectively. Both cultivation and applications of a,a,a-trifluoro-2,6-dinitro-N,N-dipropyl-p-toluidine (trifluralin) controlled annual grass weeds at all row spacings. Cultivation controlled broadleaf weeds at all row spacings. Some broadleaf weeds, unaffected by trifluralin, made sufficient growth to impair soybean yields in wide rows but not in narrow rows.

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Impact of mowing and weed control on broadleaf weed population dynamics in turf

Journal of Plant Interactions ◽

10.1080/17429140601015226 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 1 (4) ◽

pp. 239-252 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Mohammed Abu-Dieyeh ◽

Alan Watson

Keyword(s):

Population Dynamics ◽

Weed Control ◽

Weed Population ◽

Weed Population Dynamics

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Weed Seedbank Management: Revisiting How Herbicides Are Evaluated

Weed Science ◽

10.1017/wsc.2018.11 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 66 (4) ◽

pp. 415-417 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Jason K. Norsworthy ◽

Nicholas E. Korres ◽

Muthukumar V. Bagavathiannan

Keyword(s):

Population Dynamics ◽

Weed Control ◽

Effective Management ◽

Weed Seed ◽

Weed Population ◽

Weed Density ◽

Weed Population Dynamics ◽

Herbicide Treatments ◽

Density And Biomass

AbstractThere is great value in quantifying and reporting weed seed production as a component of herbicide efficacy evaluations for two reasons. First, visual weed control ratings and associated measurements such as weed density and biomass are not sufficient indicators of fecundity. Second, knowledge of fecundity associated with herbicide treatments can guide the development of effective management programs that impact long-term weed population dynamics and reduce the risk of herbicide resistance.

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Weed population dynamics in land removed from the conservation reserve program

Weed Science ◽

10.1017/s0043174500092195 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 47 (5) ◽

pp. 511-517 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Joel Felix ◽

Micheal D. K. Owen

Keyword(s):

Population Dynamics ◽

Glycine Max ◽

Crop Rotation ◽

Coming Out ◽

Conservation Reserve Program ◽

Conventional Tillage ◽

Herbicide Application ◽

Weed Population ◽

Weed Population Dynamics ◽

Application Methods

A field study was established in southern Iowa in 1994 to study seasonal and long-term weed population dynamics on land being brought back into production after 8 yr as part of the conservation reserve program (CRP). The study was a split-plot design with four replications; two tillage regimes, two crop rotations, and three herbicide application methods were used. Even though the tillage regime did not influence individual weed population density throughout the study, the no-till (NT) regime had more weeds compared to conventional tillage (CT). However, when weeds were grouped into categories, tillage influenced broadleaf weeds in 1994 and 1996 and total weeds in 1995. Plots under the NT regime had an average of 46 broadleaf weeds m−2compared to 27 in CT in 1994, withAmaranthus rudisSauer (common waterhemp) being the most prevalent. NT had a total of 186 weeds m−2compared to 125 m−2weeds in CT in 1995; however, in 1996, CT plots had 184 weeds m−2compared to 121 m−2in the NT regime. Except for broadleaf weeds in 1994, crop rotation did not influence the number of weeds, and herbicide application methods had the greatest effect on weed populations. Overall, weed populations were greater in 1997, 1996, and 1995 than in 1994 for all herbicide application methods. The no-herbicide treatment had the highest number of weeds throughout the study. The total number of weeds in band and broadcast treatments averaged 41 and 26 m−2in 1994; 96 and 24 m−2in 1995; 96 and 12 m−2in 1996; and 109 and 95 m−2in 1997. The use of broadcast herbicides in NT should be recommended for land coming out of CRP. Regardless of the herbicide application method or crop rotation, CT plots had better yields for bothZea maysL. (corn) andGlycine maxL. (soybean).Glycine maxhad a better stand compared toZ. maysin the first year, indicating that a rotation starting withG. maxmight be preferred in the land coming out of CRP.

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Weed Population Dynamics after Six Years under Glyphosate- and Conventional Herbicide-based Weed Control Strategies

Crop Science ◽

10.2135/cropsci2007.08.0490 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 48 (3) ◽

pp. 1170 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Philip Westra ◽

Robert G. Wilson ◽

Stephen D. Miller ◽

Phillip W. Stahlman ◽

Gail W. Wicks ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Population Dynamics ◽

Weed Control ◽

Control Strategies ◽

Weed Population ◽

Weed Population Dynamics

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News Techniques for the Application of Herbicides on Soybean Crops

Planta Daninha ◽

10.1590/s0100-83582018360100091 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 36 (0) ◽

Author(s):

C.S. PEREIRA ◽

C. LIMA ◽

A.L. MEDEIROS ◽

S.A.C.M. ARANTES ◽

R.P. ASSIS ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Glycine Max ◽

Weed Control ◽

Herbicide Application ◽

New Techniques ◽

Mato Grosso ◽

Weed Population ◽

Commercial Area ◽

Application Techniques ◽

Glycine Max L ◽

Free Growth

ABSTRACT: There is a need for an increase nin efficiency and a reduction in the risk of environmental contamination in controlling weeds; this can be obtained with the development of the new techniques for the application of herbicides. The objective was to verify the efficiency of different herbicide application techniques on soybean crops (Glycine max (L.) Merrill). The experiment was conducted in a commercial area in the municipality of Sinop, Mato Grosso state. The design was a randomized block, with four replications and six treatments, namely: herbicide application with a manual backpack sprayer; application with an acrylic wool roll with 9 mm long hairs; sheep’s wool roller with 9 mm long hairs; high density polyester foam roller; weeding with a hoe and free growth (no control). The used cultivar was TMG 132. The herbicide spray used in the treatments was: glyphosate 960 g ha-1, 80 g ha-1 haloxyfop-p-methyl 600 mL ha-1 and oil, diluted in water and applied 14 and 27 days after emergence (DAE). The weed population, vegetative growth, chlorophyll content and soybean yield were evaluated. The use of the sprayer and the application with the sheep’s wool roller showed greater efficiency in weed control, but the mixture of herbicides resulted in culture phytotoxicity when applied via foliar spraying.

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