Characterisation of mental models in a virtual reality-based multitasking scenario using measures of situation awareness

2010 ◽  
Vol 11 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 99-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Zhang ◽  
David Kaber ◽  
Simon Hsiang
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Mental Models ◽  
Situation Awareness

Broadening the Measurement of Situation Awareness through Cognitive Engineering Methods

1997 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 215-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy J. Cooke ◽  
Renée Stout ◽  
Eduardo Salas
Keyword(s):  
Mental Models ◽  
Situation Awareness ◽  
Situation Model ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
Cognitive Engineering ◽  
Situation Models ◽  
Cognitive Structures ◽  
Team Process ◽  
Situation Assessment ◽  
Engineering Approach

Situation awareness (SA) and team SA are popular concepts, yet vaguely defined and inadequately measured. They involve representations of the current situation, performance resulting from those representations, and cognitive structures and processes leading to those representations. Current measures of individual and team SA focus on the assessment of performance or the accuracy of the resulting situation model at the expense of other aspects of SA, such as situation assessment, mental models, and team process behaviors. As a result, these measures fail to capture the richness of the constructs of individual and team SA, critical for applications involving training and team SA. We propose that a cognitive engineering approach to measuring SA which focuses on the elicitation of the cognition underlying SA, can extend measurement by overcoming many of the current limits. As an illustration, the measurement of situation models using this approach is presented.

Mental Models, Situation Models, and Expertise in Flight Situation Awareness

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 377-381
Author(s):  
Mark T. Jodlowski ◽  
Stephanie M. Doane ◽  
Young Woo Sohn
Keyword(s):  
Mental Models ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Situation Awareness ◽  
Knowledge Organization ◽  
Situation Models ◽  
Specific Situation ◽  
Judgment Accuracy ◽  
The Third ◽  
Second Screen ◽  
Computer Based

The present research examines cognitive processes that support flight situation awareness (SA). Of particular interest is pilot access to condition-action rules that reflect their mental models of flight, and their ability to determine when the rules apply in the context of a specific situation. Pilots were asked to reason about events that take place during flight in multiple 3-screen computer-based trials. In each trial, the first screen indicated a control movement, the second screen depicted a meaningful flight situation, and the third screen indicated a flight situation change. Pilots were asked to judge whether the change depicted in the third screen was consistent with what was expected following application of the control movement depicted in the first screen to the flight situation depicted in the second screen. Judgment accuracy suggests superior access to mental models versus situation models, and systematic differences in knowledge organization as a function of piloting expertise.

Human Factors for Enhancing Live Video Streams with Virtual Reality: Performance, Situation Awareness, and Feeling of Telepresence

2007 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 488-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Pongrac ◽  
Jan Leupold ◽  
Stephan Behrendt ◽  
Berthold Färber ◽  
Georg Färber
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Situation Awareness ◽  
Human Performance ◽  
Field Of View ◽  
Human Operator ◽  
Visual Modality ◽  
Video Streams ◽  
Design Guideline ◽  
Selection Scheme ◽  
Trade Off

Telepresence systems should be designed to assist the human operator as much as possible to fulfill his task. In order to support the user concerning the visual modality, a system was designed that presents virtual reality images combined together with camera images captured at the remote teleoperator environment. In this work, two experiments were conducted. In the first, it was shown that presenting a widened field of view to the human operator enhances the human performance and the feeling of telepresence. In the second, it was examined how the transition between video and virtual views has to be designed. Relevant criteria of this transition were chosen and the results show that the operator's rating of quality, feeling of telepresence, and situation awareness are positively affected by variations of the transition parameters. Furthermore, a trade-off between the rating of quality and the situation awareness was observed. A parameter selection scheme is presented which can serve as a design guideline for combining video and virtual views depending on the desired application.

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