<p>Isolation and Characterization of Actinomycetes Producing<br />Antibacterial Compound into Enteropatogenik<br />Escherichia coli K1.1, Pseudomonas pseudomallei 02 05<br />and Listeria monocytogenes 5407. Dwi N. Susilowati,<br />Ratih D. Hastuti, and Erny Yuniarti. The resistance of<br />bacterial pathogens to some antibacterial agents and side<br />effects of the antibacterial usage demanded discovery of<br />new effective, safe, and active antibacterial compounds.<br />Some pathogenic bacteria, such as enteropathogen Escherichia<br />coli (EPEC) that cause diarrhoea on children and<br />infants, Pseudomonas pseudomallei that cause melioidosis<br />on human and animal, and Listeria monocytogenes that<br />cause listeriosis on newly born babies mortality and death of<br />pregnant woman. Actinomycetes is the largest bacterial<br />group that produce antibiotics. More than 10,000 antibacterial<br />compounds had been discovered, two-third of<br />them were produced by this bacterial group. A study was<br />done to isolate and characterize Actinomycetes producing<br />antibacterial compounds effective against EPEC K1.1 and P.<br />pseudomallei 02 05. Soil samples were taken from 39<br />locations in Indonesia and 115 actinomycetes isolates were<br />obtained. Two of the isolates, i.e., isolate A3.5 that was<br />effective against P. pseudomallei 02 05 and isolate F6.1 that<br />was effective against EPEC K1.1 evaluated further. The<br />isolate A3.5 had an optimum time 72 hours to produce antibacterial<br />compound, while F6.1 took 96 hours. The antibacterial<br />compounds produced by both isolates were dissolve<br />in the a 70% ethyl acetate solution, but not in a 40oC<br />warm methanol solution because it is very dissolved. The<br />antibacterial compound extracted from the isolate A3.5 had<br />a similar effectiveness to antibiotics bacithracyn 10 unit and<br />neomycin 30 g. On the other hand, the antibacterial<br />compound extracted from isolate F6.1 had a similar effectiveness<br />to antibiotics colistin 10 g and doxyciclin 30 g.<br />Further identification of the isolates suggested that both of<br />them belongs to the genera Streptomyces.</p>
Isolation and Characterization of Antibacterial Compound from a Mangrove-Endophytic Fungus, Penicillium chrysogenum MTCC 5108
