The Differential Role of Alcohol Expectancies, Drinking Refusal Self-Efficacy and Coping Resources in Predicting Alcohol Consumption in Community and Clinical Samples

Orientation: Motivational and coping resources were explored within a military context by means of a mixed-methods survey study involving a group of Special Forces candidates.Research purpose: The purpose was to compare selected and not-selected candidates in terms of their sense of coherence, hardiness, locus of control and self-efficacy and to explore what they considered important for success in the selection process.Motivation for the study: Because of high attrition rates in Special Forces selection, the evaluation of the role of motivation and coping resources in terms of possible predictive utility could benefit the organisation from a logistical, financial and efficiency point of view.Research design, approach and method: A mixed-method cross-sectional survey design was used to assess an all-male candidate group (N = 73). The selected and not-selected groups were compared with regard to their sense of coherence, hardiness, locus of control and self-efficacy mean scores.Main findings: No statistically significant differences were found between the mean scores of the two groups concerning the quantitative measures used.Practical/managerial implications: The quantitative measures generally showed acceptable coefficient alpha reliabilities. Although no statistically significant mean differences were found between the groups, candidates showed high levels of sense of coherence, high levels of self-efficacy and average levels of hardiness and internal locus of control. The qualitative data confirmed the relevance of the quantitative constructs and pointed to additional aspects already considered in preparation for and during the selection process.Contribution/value-add: The results provide information regarding the constructs and measures used in a military context.

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126-THE ROLE OF SELF-EFFICACY, SOCIAL SUPPORT, AND COPING FOR FINDING MEANING IN CANCER

Journal of Psychosomatic Research ◽

10.1016/j.jpsychores.2004.04.297 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 56 (6) ◽

pp. 653 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

NE Mohamed

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Finding Meaning ◽

And Coping

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The differential role of alcohol expectancies and drinking refusal self-efficacy in problem and nonproblem drinkers.

Journal of Studies on Alcohol ◽

10.15288/jsa.1998.59.704 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 59 (6) ◽

pp. 704-711 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

T P Oei ◽

S Fergusson ◽

N K Lee

Keyword(s):

Self Efficacy ◽

Alcohol Expectancies

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PTSD and Coping Resources among Survivors of a Kamikaze Attack: The Role of Character Strength

Psychological Reports ◽

10.2466/pr0.95.3f.1163-1171 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 95 (3_suppl) ◽

pp. 1163-1171 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Paul J. Chara ◽

Kathleen A. Chara

Keyword(s):

World War Ii ◽

Stress Disorder ◽

Rank Order ◽

Coping Resources ◽

World War ◽

Spearman Rank Order Correlation ◽

Character Strength ◽

Okinawa Island ◽

And Coping

33 survivors of the U.S.S. Emmons ( M age = 79.7 yr., SD = 2.3), which was sunk by kamikaze attacks during World War II, were given an adapted form of the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist–Civilian and a set of questions regarding 8 coping resources they may have used during the war. Participants were categorized into three groups: those who served on the Emmons at any given time during World War II (Any Service), those who experienced combat while aboard the Emmons or another ship during World War II (Any Combat), and those who were serving on board the Emmons when it was sunk during the battle for Okinawa island (Okinawa). Analyses using a one-tailed Spearman rank-order correlation indicated that scores on only one coping resource, Character Strength, were significantly correlated with lower symptoms of PTSD for all three groups (Any Service: rs = −.46, p < .01; Any Combat: rs = −.47, p < .01; Okinawa: rs = −.45, p < .05). The findings suggest that, for the survivors of the Emmons, psychological qualities, not social influences, were associated with a lower risk for developing PTSD.

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