3-min all-out effort on cycle ergometer is valid to estimate the anaerobic capacity by measurement of blood lactate and excess post-exercise oxygen consumption

Purpose: To prescribe training loads to improve performance, one must know how an athlete is responding to loading. The maximal rate of heart-rate increase (rHRI) during the transition from rest to exercise is linearly related to changes in endurance exercise performance and can be used to infer how athletes are responding to changes in training load. Relationships between rHRI and anaerobic exercise performance have not been evaluated. The objective of this study was to evaluate relationships between rHRI and anaerobic exercise performance. Methods: Eighteen recreational strength and power athletes (13 male and 5 female) were tested on a cycle ergometer for rHRI, 6-second peak power output, anaerobic capacity (30-s average power), and blood lactate concentration prior to (PRE), and 1 (POST1) and 3 (POST3) hours after fatiguing high-intensity interval cycling. Results: Compared with PRE, rHRI was slower at POST1 (effect size [ES] = −0.38, P = .045) but not POST3 (ES = −0.36, P = .11). PPO was not changed at POST1 (ES = −0.12, P = .19) but reduced at POST3 (ES = −0.52, P = .01). Anaerobic capacity was reduced at POST1 (ES = −1.24, P < .001) and POST3 (ES = −0.83, P < .001), and blood lactate concentration was increased at POST1 (ES = 1.73, P < .001) but not at POST3 (ES = 0.75, P = .11). rHRI was positively related to PPO (B = 0.19, P = .03) and anaerobic capacity (B = 0.14, P = .005) and inversely related to blood lactate concentration (B = −0.22, P = .04). Conclusions: rHRI is linearly related to acute changes in anaerobic exercise performance and may indicate how athletes are responding to training to guide the application of training loads.

Download Full-text

Comparison of Interval vs Continuous Exercise on a Cycle ergometer on Excess Post‐exercise Oxygen Consumption in Middle‐age

The FASEB Journal ◽

10.1096/fasebj.2020.34.s1.03938 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 34 (S1) ◽

pp. 1-1

Author(s):

Won-Sang Jung ◽

Hyejung Hwang ◽

Jisu Kim ◽

Hun-Young Park ◽

Kiwon Lim

Keyword(s):

Oxygen Consumption ◽

Middle Age ◽

Cycle Ergometer ◽

Post Exercise ◽

Continuous Exercise

Download Full-text

Maximal accumulated oxygen deficit in running and cycling

Applied Physiology Nutrition and Metabolism ◽

10.1139/h11-108 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 36 (6) ◽

pp. 831-838 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

David W. Hill ◽

Jakob L. Vingren

Keyword(s):

Anaerobic Capacity ◽

Oxygen Demand ◽

Cycle Ergometer ◽

Work Rate ◽

Oxygen Deficit ◽

Post Exercise ◽

Accumulated Oxygen Deficit ◽

The Mean ◽

Curvilinear Relationships ◽

The Relationship

The purpose of this study was to compare values of maximal accumulated oxygen deficit (MAOD; a measure of anaerobic capacity) in running and cycling. Twenty-seven women and 25 men performed exhaustive treadmill and cycle ergometer tests of ∼3 min, ∼5 min, and ∼7 min duration. Oxygen demands were estimated assuming a linear relationship between demand and intensity and also using upwardly curvilinear relationships. When oxygen demand was estimated using speed (with exponent 1.05), values for MAOD for the three running tests were virtually identical; the mean of the three values was 78 ± 7 mL·kg–1. Use of an oxygen demand that was estimated using work rate (with exponent 1.00) generated the most similar values for MAOD from the three cycling tests (mean of 59 ± 6 mL·kg–1). Consistent with the higher (p < 0.05) MAOD in running, peak post-exercise blood lactate concentrations were also higher (p < 0.05) in running (13.9 ± 2.2 mmol·L–1) than in cycling (12.6 ± 2.4 mmol·L–1). The results suggest that the relationship between oxygen demand and running speed is upwardly curvilinear for the speeds used to measure MAOD; the relationship between demand and cycle ergometer work rate is linear; MAOD is greater in running than in cycling.

Download Full-text

The physiology of bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus): heart rate, metabolic rate and plasma lactate concentration during exercise

Journal of Experimental Biology ◽

10.1242/jeb.179.1.31 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 179 (1) ◽

pp. 31-46 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

T. M. Williams ◽

W. A. Friedl ◽

J. E. Haun

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Oxygen Consumption ◽

Metabolic Rate ◽

Respiratory Rate ◽

Blood Lactate ◽

Tursiops Truncatus ◽

Lactate Concentration ◽

Blood Lactate Concentration ◽

Post Exercise ◽

Terrestrial Mammals

Despite speculation about the swimming efficiency of cetaceans, few studies have investigated the exercise physiology of these mammals. In view of this, we examined the physiological responses and locomotor energetics of two exercising adult Tursiops truncatus. Oxygen consumption, heart rate, respiratory rate and post-exercise blood lactate concentration were determined for animals either pushing against a load cell or swimming next to a boat. Many of the energetic and cardiorespiratory responses of exercising dolphins were similar to those of terrestrial mammals. Average heart rate, respiratory rate and oxygen consumption for dolphins pushing against a load cell increased linearly with exercise levels up to 58 kg for a female dolphin and 85 kg for a male. Oxygen consumption did not increase with higher loads. Maximum rate of oxygen consumption (VO2max) ranged from 19.8 to 29.4 ml O2 kg-1 min-1, which was 7–11 times the calculated standard metabolic rate (VO2std) of the dolphins. Blood lactate concentration increased with exercise loads that exceeded VO2max. The maximum lactate concentration was 101.4 mg dl-1 (11.3 mmol l-1) for the male, and 120.6 mg dl-1 (13.6 mmol l-1) for the female. When swimming at 2.1 m s-1, heart rate, respiratory rate and post-exercise blood lactate concentration of the dolphins were not significantly different from values at rest. The cost of transport at this speed was 1.29 +/− 0.05 J kg-1 min-1. The energetic profile of the exercising bottlenose dolphin resembles that of a relatively sedentary mammal if the exercise variables defined for terrestrial mammals are used. However, the energetic cost of swimming for this cetacean is low in comparison to that of other aquatic and semi-aquatic mammals.

Download Full-text