Room-Temperature Reactor Packed with Hydrophobic Catalysts for the Oxidation of Hydrogen Isotopes Released in a Nuclear Facility

Abstract There are two kinds of water in CuSO4·5H2O differing by their binding in the crystal. The oxygen of four water molecules is bonded to the copper ion, that of the fifth molecule is hydrogen bonded. It is shown that the D/H ratios of these two kinds of water differ by 5.7%, the light isotope being enriched in the water molecules coordinated with the copper ion. The results show that there is no exchange of the hydrogen isotopes during the time needed for dehydration at room temperature which takes several days. The assumption has been confirmed that the water coordinated with the copper ion leaves the crystal first on dehydration at temperatures below 50 °C. Additional measurements of the separation factor for the hydrogen isotopes between water vapor and copper sulfate solutions allow conclusions on the fractionation of the hydrogen isotopes between bulk water and hydration water in aqueous solutions.

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Ionophore-Assisted Electrochemistry of Neutral Molecules: Oxidation of Hydrogen in an Ionic Liquid Electrolyte

10.26434/chemrxiv.7900943 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Johannes Wandt ◽

Junqiao Lee ◽

Damien Arrigan ◽

Debbie Silvester

Keyword(s):

Ionic Liquid ◽

Room Temperature ◽

Electrochemical Sensors ◽

Liquid Electrolyte ◽

Ion Binding ◽

Ionic Liquid Electrolyte ◽

Neutral Gas ◽

Oxidation Of Hydrogen ◽

Gas Molecules ◽

Novel Concept

<p>The electrochemical properties of gas molecules are of great interest for both fundamental and applied research. In this study, we introduce a novel concept to systematically alter the electrochemical behavior and, in particular, the redox potential of neutral gas molecules. The concept is based on the use of an ion-binding agent, or ‘ionophore’, to bind and stabilize the ionic electrochemical reaction product. We demonstrate that the ionophore-assisted electrochemical oxidation of hydrogen in a room temperature ionic liquid electrolyte is shifted by almost 1 V towards more negative potentials in comparison to an ionophore-free electrolyte. The altered electrochemical response in the presence of the ionophore not only yields insights into the reaction mechanism but can be used also to determine the diffusion coefficient of the ionophore species. This ionophore-modulated electrochemistry of neutral gas molecules opens up new avenues for the development of highly selective electrochemical sensors.</p>

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Exchange of Hydrogen Isotopes in Oxide Ceramics at Room Temperature

Physica Scripta ◽

10.1238/physica.topical.094a00077 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol T94 (1) ◽

pp. 77 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

H Suzuki ◽

K. Morita ◽

K. Soda

Keyword(s):

Room Temperature ◽

Hydrogen Isotopes ◽

Oxide Ceramics

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Ionophore-Assisted Electrochemistry of Neutral Molecules: Oxidation of Hydrogen in an Ionic Liquid Electrolyte

10.26434/chemrxiv.7900943.v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Debbie Silvester ◽

Johannes Wandt ◽

Junqiao Lee ◽

Damien Arrigan

Keyword(s):

Ionic Liquid ◽

Room Temperature ◽

Applied Research ◽

Electrochemical Sensors ◽

Liquid Electrolyte ◽

Ionic Liquid Electrolyte ◽

Neutral Gas ◽

Oxidation Of Hydrogen ◽

Gas Molecules ◽

Novel Concept

The electrochemical properties of gas molecules are of high interest for both fundamental and applied research. In this study, we introduce a novel concept to systematically alter the electrochemical behavior and, in particular, the redox potential of neutral gas molecules. The concept is based on the use of an ionophore to bind and stabilize the ionic electrochemical reaction product. We demonstrate that the ionophore-assisted electrochemical oxidation of hydrogen in a room temperature ionic liquid electrolyte is shifted by almost 1 V towards more negative potentials in comparison to an ionophore-free electrolyte. The altered electrochemical response in the presence of the ionophore yields insights into the reaction mechanism and can be used to determine the diffusion coefficient of the ionophore species. The ionophore-modulated electrochemistry of neutral gas molecules opens new avenues for the development of selective electrochemical sensors with reduced cross-sensitivity.

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Tem Observation of Bubbles in He-Implanted α-Fe

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100055187 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 40 ◽

pp. 590-591

Author(s):

D. M. Follstaedt ◽

S. M. Myers

Keyword(s):

Grain Boundary ◽

Ion Implantation ◽

Room Temperature ◽

Hydrogen Isotopes ◽

Void Swelling ◽

Low Concentrations ◽

Fundamental Understanding ◽

Grain Boundary Embrittlement ◽

Boundary Embrittlement

Helium has negligible solubility in metals, but in certain materials applications it is introduced athermally. This occurs, for example, through ion implantation from thermonuclear plasmas, tritium decay, and neutroninduced transmutation. Helium may have several detrimental effects, including grain boundary embrittlement, initiation of void swelling, and trapping of hydrogen isotopes. Hence a fundamental understanding of the behavior of He in metals is important. Implantation of He into a metal at room temperature usually leads to one of two microstructural configurations. At sufficiently low concentrations. He trapping by irradiation defects dominates.

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Ceramic High-Porosity Honeycomb Catalysts for the Oxidation of Hydrogen Isotopes with a Deposited Palladium Active Layer

Glass and Ceramics ◽

10.1007/s10717-015-9678-6 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 71 (9-10) ◽

pp. 320-323

Author(s):

M. D. Gasparyan ◽

V. N. Grunskii ◽

A. V. Bespalov ◽

N. A. Popova ◽

T. A. Vagramyan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Active Layer ◽

Hydrogen Isotopes ◽

High Porosity ◽

Oxidation Of Hydrogen

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The mechanism of the pinacol-pinacone rearrangement. IV. Exchange and rearrangement with hydrogen isotopes

Australian Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.1071/ch9570001 ◽

1957 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 1 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

JF Duncan ◽

KR Lynn

Keyword(s):

Room Temperature ◽

Hydrogen Isotopes ◽

Ordinary Water

The two hydroxyl atoms of pinacol exchange very rapidly and quantitatively with 3H2O even at room temperature. The rate of the pinacol-pinacone rearrangement in 99.7 per cent. D2O with unibasic acids at 100 �C is about 1.9 times faster than that obtained in ordinary water. Although these results conform with the generally accepted mechanism, some features are unexpected.

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