scholarly journals Associations between oxytocin and vasopressin concentrations, traumatic event exposure and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms: group comparisons, correlations, and courses during an internet-based cognitive-behavioural treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1886499
Author(s):  
Sinha Engel ◽  
Sarah Schumacher ◽  
Helen Niemeyer ◽  
Annika Kuester ◽  
Sebastian Burchert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Event ◽  
Behavioural Treatment ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural Treatment ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Traumatic Event Exposure ◽  
Group Comparisons

Cognitive-Behavioural Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Following Awareness under Anaesthesia: A Case Study

2005 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reginald D. V. Nixon ◽  
Richard A. Bryant ◽  
Michelle L. Moulds
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Restructuring ◽  
Behavioural Treatment ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural Treatment ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural

The aim of the current paper is to describe the tailoring of cognitive-behavioural treatment for a female client who developed posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) subsequent to awareness under anaesthetic during an emergency caesarean procedure. Treatment consisted of prolonged and in vivo exposure, and cognitive restructuring over eight sessions. Assessment was conducted prior to treatment, immediately after treatment, and at 6- and 24-month follow-up. Follow-up at 24 months demonstrated good outcome, with the client no longer meeting criteria for PTSD.

The exposure to traumatic events and symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder among Korean journalists

Journalism ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 1308-1325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mina Lee ◽  
Eun Hye Ha ◽  
Jung Kun Pae
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Coping Strategy ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Event ◽  
Traumatic Events ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Negative Beliefs ◽  
Traumatic Event Exposure

This study investigated posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms on Korean journalists and the contributing variables. Predicting variables included the exposure to traumatic events, coping strategy, social support, optimism, negative beliefs, and the journalists’ occupational perspectives. A total of 367 Korean journalists participated in the survey. The findings revealed that, first, Korean journalists had suffered severely from PTSD symptoms according to the prevalence rate. Second, the extent of traumatic event exposure, the length of career, the use of dysfunctional coping strategy, a lack of social support, and negative beliefs were identified as significantly related variables. Finally, occupational perspectives showed meaningful associations with development of the symptoms. This study provided an empirical analysis of Korean journalists’ experiences of traumatic events and psychological stress for the first time.

scholarly journals A Population-Based Study of Familial and Individual-Specific Environmental Contributions to Traumatic Event Exposure and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms in a Norwegian Twin Sample

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 656-662 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ananda B. Amstadter ◽  
Steven H. Aggen ◽  
Gun Peggy Knudsen ◽  
Ted Reichborn-Kjennerud ◽  
Kenneth S. Kendler
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Event ◽  
Trauma Exposure ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Familial Factors ◽  
Best Fitting ◽  
Traumatic Event Exposure

Objective: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is one of the only disorders in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders that requires an environmental exposure. The relationship between liability factors for trauma exposure and those for PTSD symptoms following exposure are unclear. Methods: Exposure to a trauma and resulting PTSD symptoms were assessed in a sample of 2,794 members of the Norwegian Institute of Public Health Twin Panel. Results: In the full sample, 737 twins experienced a trauma. A modified causal, contingent, common pathway model was used to examine trauma exposure and liability for PTSD. Genetic and common environmental factors could not be distinguished, so a model that included only familial and individual specific components was fit. The best-fitting model suggested that familial factors played an important role in liability for trauma exposure and for resulting PTSD symptoms, and that there was a modest transmission between trauma exposure and subsequent PTSD symptoms. Conclusions: One third of the variance in liability of PTSD symptoms is due to familial factors, and of this, approximately one fifth overlaps with the familial liability for trauma exposure while the other four fifths of the variance is specific to the risk of PTSD symptoms following exposure. The hypothesis that PTSD is etiologically similar to exposures to a traumatic event is not supported, suggesting that the factors that confer risk for trauma do not overlap completely with those that confer risk for PTSD.

scholarly journals Traumatic Event Exposure, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, and Sleep Disturbances in a National Sample of U.S. Adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa E. Milanak ◽  
Kelly L. Zuromski ◽  
Ian Cero ◽  
Allison K. Wilkerson ◽  
Heidi S. Resnick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Event ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Traumatic Event Exposure

scholarly journals Increased Skin Conductance Response in the Immediate Aftermath of Trauma Predicts PTSD Risk

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 247054701984444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Hinrichs ◽  
Sanne J. H. van Rooij ◽  
Vasiliki Michopoulos ◽  
Katharina Schultebraucks ◽  
Sterling Winters ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Skin Conductance ◽  
Skin Conductance Response ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Event ◽  
Growth Mixture Modeling ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms

Background Exposure to a traumatic event leads to posttraumatic stress disorder in 10% to 20% of exposed individuals. Predictors of risk are needed to target early interventions to those who are most vulnerable. The objective of the study was to test whether a noninvasive mobile device that measures a physiological biomarker of autonomic nervous system activation could predict future posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms. Methods Skin conductance response was collected during a trauma interview in the emergency department within hours of exposure to trauma in 95 individuals. Trajectories of posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms over 12-month posttrauma were identified using latent growth mixture modeling. Results Skin conductance response was significantly correlated with the probability of being in the chronic posttraumatic stress disorder trajectory following trauma exposure in the emergency department (r = 0.489, p < 0.000001). Lasso regression with elastic net was performed with demographic and clinical measures obtained in the emergency department, demonstrating that skin conductance response was the most significant predictor of the chronic posttraumatic stress disorder trajectory (p < 0.00001). Conclusions This study is the first prospective study of posttraumatic stress disorder showing skin conductance response in the immediate aftermath of trauma predicts subsequent development of chronic posttraumatic stress disorder. This finding points to an easily obtained, and neurobiologically informative, biomarker in emergency departments that can be disseminated to predict the development of posttraumatic stress disorder.

scholarly journals Corticotrophin-Releasing Hormone Type 1 Receptor Gene (CRHR1) Variants Predict Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Onset and Course in Pediatric Injury Patients

2011 ◽  
Vol 30 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 89-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ananda B. Amstadter ◽  
Nicole R. Nugent ◽  
Bao-Zhu Yang ◽  
Alisa Miller ◽  
Richie Siburian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Statistical Power ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Event ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
Pediatric Injury ◽  
Traumatic Event Exposure

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a common and disabling anxiety disorder that may occur in the aftermath of exposure to potentially traumatic life events. PTSD is moderately heritable, but few specific molecular variants accounting for this heritability have been identified. Genes regulating the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, such as corticotrophin-releasing hormone type 1 receptor gene (CRHR1), have been implicated in traumatic-stress related phenotypes but have yet to be studied in relation to PTSD. The present study sought to examine the relation between 9 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in theCRHR1gene and posttraumatic stress symptoms in a prospective study of pediatric injury patients (n= 103) who were first assessed in the acute aftermath of their injury at the hospital. Results indicated that multiple SNPs were associated with acute symptoms at a univariate level, and after correction for multiple testing, rs12944712 was significantly related to acute PTSD symptoms. Longitudinal latent growth curve analyses suggest that rs12944712 is also related to both acute symptom level and trajectory of symptoms over time. The present study adds support for the role ofCRHR1in the stress response following potentially traumatic event exposure in youth. It should be noted that the sample size in this study was small, and therefore statistical power was low; following, results from this study should be considered preliminary. Although results are not definitive, the findings from this study warrant future replication studies on how variation in this gene relates to response to traumatic event exposure in youth.

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