Word reading, vocabulary, and mental health problems in adolescent girls and boys with intellectual and developmental disabilities

Abstract Although many researchers have investigated emotional and behavioral difficulties in individuals with Williams syndrome, few have used standardized diagnostic assessments. We examined mental health problems in 92 adults with Williams syndrome using the Psychiatric Assessment Schedule for Adults with Developmental Disabilities—PAS-ADD (Moss, Goldberg, et al., 1996). Factors potentially associated with mental health problems were also explored. The PAS-ADD identified mental health problems in 24% of the sample. The most common were anxiety (16.5%) and specific phobias (12%). Other diagnoses included depression, agoraphobia, and social phobia. No association was found between the presence of mental health problems and either individual (e.g., age, IQ, language level) or external (life events) variables.

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Pediatric dentists’ perspectives of children with special health care needs in Japan: developmental disabilities, phobia, maltreatment, and multidisciplinary collaboration

BMC Pediatrics ◽

10.1186/s12887-021-02711-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ayako Ide-Okochi ◽

Hiromi Funayama ◽

Yoshinobu Asada

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Oral Health ◽

Developmental Disabilities ◽

Child Health ◽

Mental Health Problems ◽

Health Problems ◽

Care Needs ◽

Number Of Children ◽

Behavioural Difficulties ◽

Pediatric Dentists

Abstract Background The number of children diagnosed with developmental disabilities (DDs) or other chronic difficulties has risen. However, each professional’s awareness of children with developmental, emotional and behavioural difficulties may differ, allowing their special needs to be overlooked at child health checkups until secondary difficulties appear. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the multi-professional views of children with such chronic difficulties. This study investigates pediatric dentists’ perception of children with potential chronic difficulties. Methods Interviews were conducted with 21 pediatric dentists, and the transcripts were analyzed using grounded theory to develop categories for the theoretical assessment. Results Four themes emerged regarding the children with potential chronic difficulties: children exhibiting possible DDs with awkward social communication and interaction; severe rampant caries possibly derived from maltreatment; dental phobia possibly derived from mental health problems; a complicated home environment where their mothers exhibit poor oral health literacy. Conclusions This study’s findings imply that participants’ concept of children of concern included the risks of poor oral health and mental health problems that other healthcare professionals might overlook. It is recommended that multidisciplinary professionals engaging in child health checkups be aware of children’s oral and mental health status as well as potential DDs and child maltreatment.

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Pediatric dentists’ perspectives of children with special health care needs in Japan: developmental disabilities, phobia, maltreatment, and multidisciplinary collaboration

10.21203/rs.3.rs-276198/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ayako Ide-Okochi ◽

Hiromi Funayama ◽

Yoshinobu Asada

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Oral Health ◽

Developmental Disabilities ◽

Child Health ◽

Mental Health Problems ◽

Health Problems ◽

Care Needs ◽

Number Of Children ◽

Behavioural Difficulties ◽

Pediatric Dentists

Abstract Background: The number of children diagnosed with developmental disabilities (DDs) or other chronic difficulties has risen. However, each professional’s awareness of children with developmental, emotional and behavioural difficulties may differ, allowing their special needs to be overlooked at child health checkups until secondary difficulties appear. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the multi-professional views of children with such chronic difficulties. This study investigates pediatric dentists’ perception of children with potential chronic difficulties. Methods: Interviews were conducted with 21 pediatric dentists, and the transcripts were analysed using grounded theory to develop categories for the theoretical assessment. Results: Four themes emerged regarding the children with potential chronic difficulties: children exhibiting possible DDs with awkward social communication and interaction; severe rampant caries possibly derived from maltreatment; dental phobia possibly derived from mental health problems; a complicated home environment where their mothers exhibit poor oral health literacy. Conclusions: This study’s findings imply that participants’ concept of children of concern included the risks of poor oral health and mental health problems that other healthcare professionals might overlook. It is recommended that multidisciplinary professionals engaging in child health checkups be aware of children’s oral and mental health status as well as potential DDs and child maltreatment.

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Is Knowledge Enough? The Relationship Between Mental Health Knowledge and Stigmatising Attitudes Among Australian Adolescents

Adolescent Psychiatry ◽

10.2174/2210676609666181204145835 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 206-219 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Emmelin Teng ◽

Venning Anthony ◽

Winefield Helen ◽

Crabb Shona

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Mental Illness ◽

Psychological Distress ◽

Young People ◽

Adolescent Girls ◽

Health Behaviour ◽

Help Seeking ◽

Mental Health Problems ◽

Negative Relationship ◽

Health Problems

Background: Young people carry mental health problems disproportionate to the size of their population, and rates of help-seeking are low. School mental health programs have been developed to address these issues, founded on an educational approach to target mental health literacy, and indirectly improve help-seeking. However, it has been suggested that knowledge does not necessarily predict health behaviour in young people. Objective/Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to explore whether knowledge about mental illness was related to attitudes towards mental illness and intentions to seek help in a sample of adolescent girls (N=327). Results: Results indicated a weak negative relationship between knowledge about mental health and stigmatising attitudes about mental illness, but no relationship between knowledge about mental health and intentions to seek help for mental health problems. When mental health was categorised (e.g., optimal vs. poorer mental health), a negative relationship between knowledge about and stigmatising attitudes toward mental health was shown in those with poor mental health, but not for adolescents categorised as having moderate or optimal mental health. Conclusion: Findings suggest that while the traditional adage - more information on mental health equals better attitude to mental health - may be true for those with ‘poorer’ levels of mental health (e.g., high levels of psychological distress), it may not reduce stigma associated with mental illness or motivate positive health behaviour in adolescent girls with ‘optimal’ mental health (e.g., low or no levels of psychological distress). .

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Screening for common mental health problems and their determinants among school-going adolescent girls in Gujarat, India

Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care ◽

10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_732_19 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 264

Author(s):

Abha Mangal ◽

Archana Thakur ◽

KhyatiA Nimavat ◽

Deepti Dabar ◽

SudhaB Yadav

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Adolescent Girls ◽

Mental Health Problems ◽

Health Problems ◽

Common Mental Health Problems

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Gaining the courage to see and accept oneself: Group-based compassion-focussed therapy as experienced by adolescent girls

Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry ◽

10.1177/1359104520931583 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (4) ◽

pp. 909-921 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Anna Bratt ◽

Ing-Marie Gralberg ◽

Idor Svensson ◽

Marie Rusner

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Young People ◽

Adolescent Girls ◽

Outpatient Clinic ◽

Lived Experiences ◽

Mental Health Problems ◽

Health Problems ◽

Research Approach ◽

Psychiatric Outpatient Clinic ◽

Depth Interviews

Shame and self-stigmatisation are common in adolescents with mental health problems, and can hinder their recovery. Compassion-focussed therapy (CFT) help people address challenging experiences and emotions with courage, wisdom, and care. However, no previous studies have examined whether CFT is helpful for adolescents with mental health problems. The present study aimed to describe lived experiences regarding group-based CFT based on the perspectives of a sample of adolescent girls who were recruited from a child and adolescent psychiatric outpatient clinic in Sweden. In-depth interviews were conducted with six girls, aged 15 to 17, using a reflective lifeworld research approach. The results showed that participating in group-based CFT means gaining the courage to see and accept oneself through meeting with peers who are experiencing similar difficulties. When sharing experiences in a group, new perspectives and an acknowledgement that mental and emotional struggle are normal arise, and a sense of inner peace and belonging emerges. Instead of hiding from society, it is possible to participate in everyday life, ask for help, and asserting oneself. CFT can provide a promising method for empowering young people with mental health problems, helping them feel connected with others, and fostering in them the strength to show their true personalities.

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