The effect of speech sample duration on the reliability of measurement of severity of stuttering

Twenty children who have worn a Cochlear Corporation cochlear implant for an average of 33.6 months participated in a device-on/off experiment. They spoke 14 monosyllabic words three times each after having not worn their cochlear implant speech processors for several hours. They then spoke the same speech sample again with their cochlear implants turned on. The utterances were phonetically transcribed by speech-language pathologists. On average, no difference between speaking conditions on indices of vowel height, vowel place, initial consonant place, initial consonant voicing, or final consonant voicing was found. Comparisons based on a narrow transcription of the speech samples revealed no difference between the two speaking conditions. Children who were more intelligible were no more likely to show a degradation in their speech production in the device-off condition than children who were less intelligible. In the device-on condition, children sometimes nasalized their vowels and inappropriately aspirated their consonants. Their tendency to nasalize vowels and aspirate initial consonants might reflect an attempt to increase proprioceptive feedback, which would provide them with a greater awareness of their speaking behavior.

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Assessing expressed emotion in mothers of preschool AD/HD children: Psychometric properties of a modified speech sample

British Journal of Clinical Psychology ◽

10.1348/014466503762842011 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 42 (1) ◽

pp. 53-67 ◽

Cited By ~ 81

Author(s):

D. Daley ◽

E. J. S. Sonuga-Barke ◽

M. Thompson

Keyword(s):

Psychometric Properties ◽

Expressed Emotion ◽

Speech Sample

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Performance of Forced-Alignment Algorithms on Children's Speech

Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research ◽

10.1044/2020_jslhr-20-00268 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Tristan J. Mahr ◽

Visar Berisha ◽

Kan Kawabata ◽

Julie Liss ◽

Katherine C. Hustad

Keyword(s):

Gold Standard ◽

Acoustic Measurement ◽

Manual Segmentation ◽

Speech Sample ◽

Older Children ◽

Adaptive Training ◽

Alignment Algorithms ◽

Child Speech ◽

Speech Recognition Engine ◽

Children's Speech

Purpose Acoustic measurement of speech sounds requires first segmenting the speech signal into relevant units (words, phones, etc.). Manual segmentation is cumbersome and time consuming. Forced-alignment algorithms automate this process by aligning a transcript and a speech sample. We compared the phoneme-level alignment performance of five available forced-alignment algorithms on a corpus of child speech. Our goal was to document aligner performance for child speech researchers. Method The child speech sample included 42 children between 3 and 6 years of age. The corpus was force-aligned using the Montreal Forced Aligner with and without speaker adaptive training, triphone alignment from the Kaldi speech recognition engine, the Prosodylab-Aligner, and the Penn Phonetics Lab Forced Aligner. The sample was also manually aligned to create gold-standard alignments. We evaluated alignment algorithms in terms of accuracy (whether the interval covers the midpoint of the manual alignment) and difference in phone-onset times between the automatic and manual intervals. Results The Montreal Forced Aligner with speaker adaptive training showed the highest accuracy and smallest timing differences. Vowels were consistently the most accurately aligned class of sounds across all the aligners, and alignment accuracy increased with age for fricative sounds across the aligners too. Conclusion The best-performing aligner fell just short of human-level reliability for forced alignment. Researchers can use forced alignment with child speech for certain classes of sounds (vowels, fricatives for older children), especially as part of a semi-automated workflow where alignments are later inspected for gross errors. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.14167058

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Relationship between malocclusion and fonoarticulatory disorders

International Journal of Orofacial Myology ◽

10.52010/ijom.1998.24.1.2 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 20-26

Author(s):

Milton Farret ◽

◽

Estela Jurach ◽

Leticia Brandão ◽

Dayanna Moraes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Class Ii ◽

Tape Recording ◽

Speech Sample ◽

Rio Grande Do Sul ◽

Phonetic Transcription ◽

Normal Occlusion ◽

Division 1 ◽

Division 2 ◽

The Town ◽

Santa Maria

The authors examined 113 subjects between the ages of 9 and i 4 years, 59 males and 54 females, in the town of Santa Maria, state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Dental/ orthodontic assessment revealed that 12 had normal occlusion, and 66 had Class I, 18 had Class II division 1, 7 had Class II division 2, and 10 had Class Ill malocclusions. For the analysis of the speech articulatory disorders, the Yavas, Hernadorena & Lamprecht (1992) adapted test was used. A list of words was selected that had all phonemes of the Portuguese language, in all possible positions in the words. A tape recording was utilized for later analysis of the speech sample and a phonetic transcription of the words was done. Results indicated that the 12 subjects with normal occlusion did not have speech-articulatory disorders; however, there were correlations between malocclusion and articulatory problems. Twenty of the; 13 subjects (17.7%) were identified as having malocclusion and articulatory disorders. This study attempted to define possible relationships between malocclusion and fonoarticulatory disorders.

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Five-Minute Speech Sample Measure of Expressed Emotion among Parents of Typically Developing Italian Children: A Pilot Study

Perceptual and Motor Skills ◽

10.2466/07.10.21.28.pms.112.2.382-392 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 112 (2) ◽

pp. 382-392 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Loredana Laghezza ◽

Elisa Delvecchio ◽

Silvia Salcuni ◽

Daniela Di Riso ◽

Daphne Chessa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pilot Study ◽

Expressed Emotion ◽

Typically Developing ◽

Speech Sample ◽

Five Minute Speech Sample ◽

Italian Children

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Variations in Velopharyngeal Closure Assessed by Endoscopy

Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders ◽

10.1044/jshd.3903.366 ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 39 (3) ◽

pp. 366-372 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Daniel H. Zwitman ◽

Judith C. Sonderman ◽

Paul H. Ward

Keyword(s):

Lateral Wall ◽

Normal Subjects ◽

Endoscopic Examination ◽

Speech Sample ◽

Velopharyngeal Closure

Velopharyngeal closure may be observed directly with a laryngeal telescope 6 mm in diameter. The speech sample used during the endoscopic examination should include several repetitions of a plosive consonant to insure sustained closure. Thirty-four normal subjects were observed, and the percentage of occurrence in four categories of velar and lateral wall approximation was calculated and categorized. To confirm the observations, cineradiographic (lateral and submentovertical projections) and telescopic observations were compared. Parallel observations were made for both methods. The procedure for using the telescope is explained, and issues relating to interpretation of telescopic observations are discussed.

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