Can individualized-targeted computerized cognitive training improve everyday functioning in adults with HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder?

Objective: HIV infection is associated with impaired cognition, and as individuals grow older, they may also experience age-related changes in mental abilities. Previous studies have shown that computer-based cognitive training (CCT) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) may be useful in improving cognition in older persons. This study evaluated the acceptability of CCT and tDCS to older adults with HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder, and assessed their impact on reaction time, attention, and psychomotor speed.Methods: In a single-blind randomized study, 46 individuals with HIV-associated mild neurocognitive disorder completed neuropsychological assessments and six 20-min training sessions to which they had been randomly assigned to one of the following conditions: (1) CCT with active tDCS; (2) CCT with sham tDCS, or (3) watching educational videos with sham tDCS. Immediately after training and again 1 month later, participants completed follow-up assessments. Outcomes were evaluated via repeated measures mixed effects models.Results: Participant ratings of the intervention were positive. Effects on reaction time were not significant, but measures of attention and psychomotor speed suggested positive effects of the intervention.Conclusion: Both CCT and tDCS were highly acceptable to older persons with HIV infection. CCT and tDCS may improve cognitive in affected individuals.Clinical Trial Registration: [www.ClinicalTrials.gov], identifier [NCT03440840].

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HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder

Big Data Analytics in HIV/AIDS Research - Advances in Healthcare Information Systems and Administration ◽

10.4018/978-1-5225-3203-3.ch008 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 171-205

Author(s):

Ahmed Abd Elkader Elrashedy

Keyword(s):

Antiretroviral Therapy ◽

Neurocognitive Disorder ◽

Combination Antiretroviral Therapy ◽

Hiv Replication ◽

Everyday Functioning ◽

Cns Inflammation ◽

Neurocognitive Dysfunction ◽

Dramatic Decline ◽

Hiv Associated Neurocognitive Disorder

In the last two decades, several advancement studies have increased the care of HIV-infected individuals. Specifically, the development for preparation of combination antiretroviral therapy has resulted in a dramatic decline in the rate of deaths from AIDS. The term “HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder” (HAND) has been used to distinguish the spectrum of neurocognitive dysfunction associated with HIV infection. HIV can pass to the CNS during the early stages of infection and last in the CNS. CNS inflammation and infection lead to the development of HAND. The brain can serve as a sanctuary for ongoing HIV replication, even when the systemic viral suppression has been achieved. HAND can remain in patients treated with combination antiretroviral therapy, and its effect on survival, quality of life, and everyday functioning make it a significant unresolved problem. This chapter discusses details of the computational modeling studies on mechanisms and structures of human dopamine transporter (hDAT) and its interaction with HIV-1 trans activator of transcription (Tat).

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Cognitive Training and Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in Older Persons with HIV-associated Neurocognitive Disorder

10.1101/2021.08.22.21262416 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Raymond L Ownby ◽

Jae Kim

Keyword(s):

Reaction Time ◽

Hiv Infection ◽

Cognitive Training ◽

Direct Current ◽

Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation ◽

Older Persons ◽

Neurocognitive Disorder ◽

Psychomotor Speed ◽

Positive Effects ◽

Hiv Associated Neurocognitive Disorder

Abstract Objective: HIV infection is associated with impaired cognition, and as individuals grow older, they may also experience age-related changes in mental abilities. Computer-based cognitive training (CCT) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) have both shown promise in improving cognition. This study evaluated the acceptability of CCT and tDCS to older adults with HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder, and assessed their impact on reaction time, attention, and psychomotor speed. Methods: In a single-blind randomized study, 46 individuals with HIV-associated mild neurocognitive disorder completed neuropsychological measures and six 20-minute training sessions, receiving (1) CCT with active tDCS; (2) CCT with sham tDCS, or (3) watching educational videos with sham tDCS. Immediately after training and again one month later, participants completed follow-up assessments. Outcomes were evaluated via repeated measures mixed effects models. Results: Participant ratings of the intervention were positive. Effects on reaction time were not significant, but measures of attention and psychomotor speed suggested positive effects of the intervention. Conclusion: Both CCT and tDCS were well accepted by older persons with HIV infection. CCT and tDCS may improve cognitive in affected individuals.

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