scholarly journals CONTACT SENSITIVITY IN THE MOUSE

1970 ◽  
Vol 132 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. L. Asherson ◽  
M. Zembala
Keyword(s):  
Time Course ◽  
Peritoneal Macrophages ◽  
Peritoneal Exudate ◽  
Cell Populations ◽  
Contact Sensitivity ◽  
Skin Reactions ◽  
Peritoneal Exudate Cells ◽  
Lymphocyte Populations ◽  
Circulating Antibody ◽  
Cytophilic Antibody

Contact sensitivity skin reactions were produced in mice by immunization with 2-phenyl-4-ethoxymethylene oxazolone (oxazolone) and detected by the increase in ear thickness after challenging the ears with 2% oxazolone. These skin reactions can be transferred from immunized donors to irradiated recipients by peritoneal exudate cells induced by thioglycollate. The peritoneal exudate cells were separated into purified macrophage and purified lymphocyte populations. Both cell populations transferred skin reactions. However, their time course was different. The reactions produced by lymphocytes were greater at 24 hr than at 12 hr while the reactions produced by macrophages declined slightly between 12 and 24 hr. The working hypothesis was formed that the peritoneal lymphocytes conveyed a factor (presumptive cytophilic antibody) to peritoneal macrophages which enabled them to transfer ear reactions. Experiment showed that peritoneal and lymph node lymphocytes from sensitized donors within a Millipore chamber conveyed a factor to macrophages outside the chamber which enabled them to transfer ear reactions. In contrast, peritoneal macrophages (from sensitized donors) within the chamber and peritoneal lymphocytes outside the chamber were inactive. These findings suggested that there are three modes of immunological tissue damage: hypersensitivity mediated by lymphocytes (classical delayed hypersensitivity), hypersensitivity mediated by circulating antibody (classical immediate type hypersensitivity), and hypersensitivity mediated by macrophages which have passively acquired a factor (macrophage-mediated hypersensitivity).

scholarly journals Conversion of monocytes to cells capable of anchorage-independent growth in vitro.

1981 ◽  
Vol 153 (2) ◽  
pp. 488-493 ◽  
Author(s):  
H S Lin ◽  
S Gordon ◽  
D M Chen ◽  
M Kurtz
Keyword(s):  
Time Course ◽  
Plasminogen Activators ◽  
Peritoneal Macrophages ◽  
Mononuclear Phagocytes ◽  
Peritoneal Exudate ◽  
Blood Monocytes ◽  
Mouse Blood ◽  
Anchorage Independent Growth ◽  
Inflammatory Exudate

We investigated the time-course involved in the conversion of mouse blood monocytes in vitro in cells capable of anchorage-independent growth. Two criteria were used to define when monocytes were fully converted to cells similar to mononuclear phagocytes present in inflammatory exudate, such as thioglycollate medium (TM)-elicited peritoneal exudate. They were the production of high levels of plasminogen activators and an ability to undergo anchorage-independent growth. Resident peritoneal macrophages were used as controls and for comparison. Our studies indicated that monocytes, but not resident peritoneal macrophages, could be converted to cells similar to TM-elicited mononuclear phagocytes after 2 d in culture.

scholarly journals STUDIES ON THE IMMUNE RESPONSE TO A CHARACTERIZED ANTIGENIC DETERMINANT OF THE TOBACCO MOSAIC VIRUS PROTEIN

1970 ◽  
Vol 131 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynn Spitler ◽  
E. Benjamini ◽  
Janis D. Young ◽  
Harvey Kaplan ◽  
H. H. Fudenberg
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Antigenic Determinant ◽  
Peritoneal Exudate ◽  
Virus Protein ◽  
Spleen Cells ◽  
Present Communication ◽  
Immunological Activity ◽  
Skin Reactions ◽  
Peritoneal Exudate Cells

The following peptides have previously been shown to bind specifically with antibodies to TMVP: (a) An eicosapeptide representing residues 93–112 of TMVP and having the sequence Ileu-Ileu-Glu-Val-Glu-AspNH2-GluNH2-Ala-AspNH2-Pro-Thr-Thr-Ala-Glu-Thr-Leu-Asp-Ala-Thr-Arg. (b) Its C-terminal decapeptide. (c) Its C-terminal pentapeptide. (d) N-octanoyl-C-terminal-tripeptide. (e) (Lys)4-C-terminal-pentapeptide. (f) (Lys)7 C-terminal-pentapeptide. The present communication deals with the investigation of several parameters of the immunological activity of the peptides. The results show that none of the peptides tested were immunogenic in guinea pigs, nor did they stimulate the incorporation of 14C-thymidine by spleen cells derived from TMVP-primed animals. Results also showed that all of the peptides tested could elicit specific delayed and immediate skin reactions in TMVP-sensitized guinea pigs, and furthermore, that the peptides could specifically inhibit the migration of peritoneal exudate cells derived from these animals. The elicitation of delayed skin reactions and the ability to inhibit migration of peritoneal exudate cells were independent of carrier specificity.

In vitro activation of murine peritoneal exudate cells (PEC) and peritoneal macrophages by ST 789

1992 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1061-1068 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piero Foresta ◽  
Vito Ruggiero ◽  
Claudio Albertoni ◽  
Lucrezia Pacello ◽  
Barbara Leoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Macrophages ◽  
Peritoneal Exudate ◽  
Peritoneal Exudate Cells ◽  
In Vitro Activation

Sodium-dependent nucleoside transport in mouse lymphocytes, human monocytes, and hamster macrophages and peritoneal exudate cells

1992 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans P. Baer ◽  
A. Moorji ◽  
P. O. J. Ogbunude ◽  
V. Serignese
Keyword(s):  
Transport System ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Nucleoside Analogs ◽  
Peritoneal Exudate ◽  
Nucleoside Transport ◽  
Facilitated Diffusion ◽  
Human Monocytes ◽  
Mouse Splenocytes ◽  
Peritoneal Exudate Cells ◽  
Mouse Lymphocytes

Mouse splenocytes and hamster peritoneal exudate cells (PEC), including macrophages, were shown to contain a predominantly Na+-dependent and inhibitor (6-[(4-nitrobenzyl)-mercapto]purine ribonucleoside, NBMPR)-resistant transport system for adenosine and other nucleosides. Adenosine (1 μM) was transported about equally in mouse thymocytes and human monocytes from peripheral blood by a Na+-dependent system and the NBMPR-sensitive facilitated diffusion system. Hamster PEC also transported inosine, tubercidin, formycin B, uridine, and thymidine in a NBMPR-insensitive manner. With the exception of formycin B, all nucleosides were phosphorylated intracellularly to varying degree, adenosine being almost fully phosphorylated. During the time course of routine experiments (30 s) formycin B was concentrated twofold over external medium levels (1 μM) without any drop-off in the transport rate. On the basis of metabolic studies it was estimated that uridine and tubercidin were also transported against a concentration gradient. Inosine, guanosine, 2′-deoxyadenosine, tubercidin, formycin B, and the pyrimidines uridine, thymidine, and cytidine (all 100 μM) inhibited transport of adenosine and inosine about 50–100%, while 3′-deoxyinosine showed weak inhibitory action. Transport of thymidine was strongly inhibited by nucleosides except by 3′-deoxyinosine. The Na+-dependent, active, and concentrative transport system appears to be a feature of many immune-type cells, and its presence offers particular conceptual possibilities for the therapy of infections located in these cells.Key words: immune cells, macrophage, nucleoside transport, sodium dependence, nucleoside analogs.

Effect of mercury on the immune response and mean intensity ofAscaris suuminfection in guinea pigs

1995 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 187-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Borošková ◽  
J. Šoltys ◽  
M. Benková
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Peritoneal Macrophages ◽  
Cell Populations ◽  
Subsequent Infection ◽  
Intensity Of Infection ◽  
Immunological Parameters ◽  
Mean Intensity ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Slight Alteration ◽  
Circulating Antibody

AbstractThe subchronic effect of mercury on selected immunological parameters was studied in guinea pigs with experimentalAscaris suuminfection. HgCl2given for 28 days reduced significantly T- and B-cell populations in the lymphoid organs and the phagocytic ability of peritoneal macrophages. The subsequent infection of HgCl2-intoxicated animals elevated the studied immunological parameters, but in comparison with infected non-intoxicated guinea pigs they remained significantly suppressed. The mercury compound in infection stressed animals caused a slight alteration of the complement CH50and AH50activity. The specific circulating antibody level in infected and HgCl2treated animals rose a little by day 12 p.i. and then again decreased significantly, compared with untreated guinea pigs. The mean intensity of infection with migratingAscarislarvae in HgC12-treated animals increased by 15%, compared with controls.

scholarly journals Langerhans' cells, veiled cells, and interdigitating cells in the mouse recognized by a monoclonal antibody.

1986 ◽  
Vol 163 (4) ◽  
pp. 981-997 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Kraal ◽  
M Breel ◽  
M Janse ◽  
G Bruin
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Dendritic Cell ◽  
Langerhans Cells ◽  
Precursor Cells ◽  
Peritoneal Exudate ◽  
Peritoneal Exudate Cells ◽  
Interdigitating Cells

An mAb, NLDC-145, is described that specifically reacts with a group of nonlymphoid dendritic cells including Langerhans cells (LC), veiled cells (VC), and interdigitating cells (IDC). The antibody does not react with precursor cells in bone marrow and blood. Macrophages are not stained by the antibody, but a subpopulation of Ia+ peritoneal exudate cells is recognized. Possible relationships of the various nonlymphoid dendritic cell (NLDC) types are discussed.

scholarly journals Protective Effect of Passively Transferred Immune Peritoneal Exudate Cells in Mice Infected withSalmonella typhimurium

1980 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masayasu Nakano ◽  
Hideko Toyoda ◽  
Tatsuo Saito-Taki ◽  
Masao J. Tanabe
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Peritoneal Exudate ◽  
Peritoneal Exudate Cells

Amplified Migration Inhibition Effect

1980 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 609-616 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Philp ◽  
A. L. Huffman ◽  
L. R. DeChatelet ◽  
J. E. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Peritoneal Exudate ◽  
Macrophage Migration ◽  
Culture Dish ◽  
Culture Methods ◽  
Peritoneal Exudate Cells ◽  
Inhibition Factor ◽  
Conventional Culture ◽  
Heat Labile

When tuberculin-sensitive peritoneal exudate cells are incubated in a culture flask with tuberculin purified protein derivative, macrophage inhibition factor and other lymphokines are released into the culture medium. We have described how, if incubation is carried out in a stationary conical culture tube, intercellular contact between the peritoneal exudate cells is facilitated as the cells sediment into a pellicle at the bottom of the tube. This results in augmented release of inhibitory lymphokines into the supernatant culture medium with titers up to 10 9 times greater than those obtained by conventional culture methods using a flatbottomed culture dish or flask. When such high-titered inhibitory supernatants were subjected to fractionation by sequential Amicon ultrafiltration, two clearly distinct macrophage-inhibitory lymphokines were found. The first was present, after fractionation, in a titer of 10 12 , had a molecular weight in the range of 50,000 to 100,000, and was heat stable at 56°C for 1 h. This moiety is probably identical to guinea pig macrophage inhibition factor. Unexpectedly, a second heat-labile inhibitory substance with a molecular weight between 500 and 1,000 was found in a titer of 10 4 after fractionation. This low-molecular-weight, heat-labile material may represent a new lymphokine with a direct inhibitory action on macrophage migration. Theoretically, the data are also consistent with the possibility that it could act as a chemical immunotransmitter which stimulates amplified production of macrophage inhibition factor by lymphocytes within the cell pellicle and leads indirectly to inhibition of macrophage migration.

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