scholarly journals Shaking table tests to investigate the influence of grain shape on tnb he excess pore water pressure

2021 ◽  
Vol 708 (1) ◽  
pp. 012024
Author(s):  
Muhajirah
Keyword(s):  
Pore Water ◽  
Grain Shape ◽  
Pore Water Pressure ◽  
Water Pressure ◽  
Shaking Table ◽  
Shaking Table Tests ◽  
Excess Pore Water Pressure ◽  
Excess Pore

scholarly journals Shaking Table Tests on a Deformation Mitigation Method for Existing Road Embankment during Liquefaction by Using Gravel and Geosynthetics

2020 ◽  
Vol 331 ◽  
pp. 02002
Author(s):  
Masaho Yoshida ◽  
Taiga Katsumi ◽  
Hajime Kawasaki
Keyword(s):  
Pore Water Pressure ◽  
Water Pressure ◽  
Shaking Table ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Lateral Movement ◽  
Rigid Plate ◽  
Shaking Table Tests ◽  
Excess Pore Water Pressure ◽  
Gravel Layer ◽  
Excess Pore

Small scale shaking table tests in a 1-g gravity field were carried out to evaluate effectiveness of a deformation mitigation method for an existing road embankment during liquefaction by using geosynthetics sandwiched between gravel layer and a gabion. The gravel layer could dissipate an excess pore water pressure during liquefaction immediately, and perform as a rigid plate below a slope of embankment. Furthermore, the gabion could confine the slope of embankment and restrain the lateral movement of slope. As a result, these functions could restrain the deformation of embankment, and keep the shape of embankment and flatness of crest.

Shaking Table Test on the Improvement Dimension of Permeable Grouting Method for Liquefaction Countermeasure

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masakazu Kobayashi ◽  
Kouki Zen ◽  
Guangqi Chen ◽  
Kiyonobu Kasama ◽  
Kentaro Hayashi
Keyword(s):  
Pore Water ◽  
Pore Water Pressure ◽  
Water Pressure ◽  
Shaking Table ◽  
Wave Form ◽  
Ground Settlement ◽  
Acceleration Response ◽  
Excess Pore Water Pressure ◽  
Excess Pore ◽  
Improvement Ratio

In order to clarify an optimum improvement dimension for the permeable-grouting method as a liquefaction countermeasure, a series of shaking table tests have been conducted for improved model grounds with various improvement dimensions. To express the variety of improvement dimensions in field, the model ground was created by dividing it into two types of mesh elements, in which each mesh element was simplified as a liquefiable element (unimproved element) or non-liquefiable element (improved element) respectively. Improvement ratio defined by the volume ratio of improved elements in total elements was set for 0% or 50% and the width of mesh element was 50mm. The acceleration of shaking table was applied by step loading; 100, 200, 300 and 400gal with the sinusoidal wave form of 3Hz. In order to investigate the seismic behavior of the improved ground, pore water pressure transducers and acceleration meters were set in the model ground. The main conclusions obtained from this study are as follows; 1) Both of the ground settlement induced by liquefaction and the acceleration response during seismic loading are greatly affected by the generated excess pore water pressure depending on the improvement dimension. Therefore, the “liquefiable region” in which the excess pore water pressure ratio is more than 0.75 is newly defined to evaluate the effect of improvement dimension on the acceleration response of ground, excess pore water pressure and vertical settlement, 2) As improved element increases in the liquefiable region, both of the excess pore water pressure in liquefiable element and the acceleration response of ground surface decrease. Namely, the improvement ratio in the liquefiable region could be an important index to evaluate the effect of improvement, 3) From the experimental conditions in this paper, it is suggested that 300mm is the best vertical interval and 150mm is the worst one to reduce the ground settlement induced by liquefaction and the vibration of ground.

Stress–strain pattern–based criterion to assess cyclic shear resistance of soil from laboratory element tests

2016 ◽  
Vol 53 (9) ◽  
pp. 1460-1473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dharma Wijewickreme ◽  
Achala Soysa
Keyword(s):  
Pore Water ◽  
Pore Water Pressure ◽  
Water Pressure ◽  
Shear Stiffness ◽  
Large Strains ◽  
Fundamental Parameter ◽  
Stress Strain ◽  
Cyclic Shear ◽  
Excess Pore Water Pressure ◽  
Excess Pore

The cyclic shear response of soils is commonly examined using undrained (or constant-volume) laboratory element tests conducted using triaxial and direct simple shear (DSS) devices. The cyclic resistance ratio (CRR) from these tests is expressed in terms of the number of cycles of loading to reach unacceptable performance that is defined in terms of the attainment of a certain excess pore-water pressure and (or) strain level. While strain accumulation is generally commensurate with excess pore-water pressure, the definition of unacceptable performance in laboratory tests based purely on cyclic strain criteria is not robust. The shear stiffness is a more fundamental parameter in describing engineering performance than the excess pore-water pressure alone or shear strain alone; so far, no criterion has considered shear stiffness to determine CRR. Data from cyclic DSS tests indicate consistent differences inherent in the patterns between the stress–strain loops at initial and later stages of cyclic loading; instead of relatively “smooth” stress–strain loops in the initial parts of loading, nonsmooth changes in incremental stiffness showing “kinks” are notable in the stress–strain loops at large strains. The point of pattern change in a stress–strain loop provides a meaningful basis to determine the CRR (based on unacceptable performance) in cyclic shear tests.

Consolidation Theory for Composite Ground with Granular Columns Based on Different Calculation Models

2011 ◽  
Vol 261-263 ◽  
pp. 1534-1538
Author(s):  
Yu Guo Zhang ◽  
Ya Dong Bian ◽  
Kang He Xie
Keyword(s):  
Pore Water ◽  
Analytical Solutions ◽  
Pore Water Pressure ◽  
Water Pressure ◽  
Vertical Flow ◽  
Excess Pore Water Pressure ◽  
Consolidation Theory ◽  
Composite Ground ◽  
Granular Column ◽  
Excess Pore

The consolidation of the composite ground under non-uniformly distributed initial excess pore water pressure along depth was studied in two models which respectively considering both the radial and vertical flows in granular column and the vertical flow only in granular column, and the corresponding analytical solutions of the two models were presented and compared with each other. It shows that the distribution of initial excess pore water pressure has obvious influence on the consolidation of the composite ground with single drainage boundary, and the rate of consolidation considering the radial-vertical flow in granular column is faster than that considering the vertical flow only in granular column.

The Test Study to the Changes of Excess Pore Water Pressure during Precast Pile Construction

2012 ◽  
Vol 193-194 ◽  
pp. 1010-1013
Author(s):  
Shu Qing Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Pore Water ◽  
Clayey Soil ◽  
Pore Water Pressure ◽  
Water Pressure ◽  
Excess Pore Pressure ◽  
Soil Pressure ◽  
Excess Pore Water Pressure ◽  
Test Study ◽  
Excess Pore

The construct to precast pile in thick clayey soil can cause the accumulation of excess pore water pressure. The high excess pore pressure can make soil, buildings and pipes surrounded have large deflection, even make them injured. Combining with actual projects, this paper presents an in-situ model test on the changes of excess pore water pressure caused by precast pile construct. It is found that the radius of influence range for single pile driven is about 15m，the excess pore water pressure can reach or even exceed the above effective soil pressure, and there are two relatively stable stages.

A Practical Saturated Sand Elastic-Plastic Dynamic Constitutive Model and Application

2012 ◽  
Vol 446-449 ◽  
pp. 1621-1626 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Mei Zhang ◽  
Dong Hua Ruan
Keyword(s):  
Constitutive Model ◽  
Pore Water ◽  
Pore Water Pressure ◽  
Water Pressure ◽  
Stone Columns ◽  
Saturated Sand ◽  
Multidimensional Model ◽  
Excess Pore Water Pressure ◽  
Elastic Plastic ◽  
Excess Pore

A practical saturated sand elastic-plastic dynamic constitutive model was developed on the base of Handin-Drnevich class nonlinear lag model and multidimensional model. In this model, during the calculation of loading before soil reaches yielding, unloading and inverse loading, corrected Handin-Drnevich equivalent nonlinear model was adopted; after soil yielding, based on the idea of multidimensional model, the composite hardening law which combines isotropy hardening and follow-up hardening, corrected Mohr-Coulomb yielding criterion and correlation flow principle were adopted. A fully coupled three dimension effective stress dynamic analysis procedure was developed on the base of this model. The seismic response of liquefaction foundation reinforced by stone columns was analyzed by the developed procedure. The research shows that with the diameter of stone columns increasing, the excess pore water pressure in soil between piles decreases; with the spacing of columns increasing, the excess pore water pressure increases. The influence of both is major in middle and lower level of composite foundation.

scholarly journals Effect of Reduced Zone on Time-Dependent Analysis of Tunnels

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Mohammed Y. Fattah ◽  
Kais T. Shlash ◽  
Nahla M. Salim
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Pore Water ◽  
Pore Water Pressure ◽  
Water Pressure ◽  
Outer Diameter ◽  
Transient Effects ◽  
Excess Pore Water Pressure ◽  
Modified Cam Clay ◽  
Tunnel Diameter ◽  
Excess Pore

The problem of the proposed “Baghdad metro line” which consists of two routes of 32 km long and 36 stations is analyzed. The tunnel is circular in cross-section with a 5.9 m outer diameter. The finite element analyses were carried out using elastic-plastic and modified Cam clay models for the soil. The excavation has been used together with transient effects through a fully coupled Biot formulation. All these models and the excavation technique together with Biot consolidation are implemented into finite-element computer program named “Modf-CRISP” developed for the purpose of these analyses. The results indicate that there is an inward movement at the crown and this movement is restricted to four and half tunnel diameters. A limited movement can be noticed at spring line which reaches 0.05% of tunnel diameter, while there is a heave at the region below the invert, which reaches its maximum value of about 0.14% of the diameter and is also restricted to a region extending to 1.5 diameters. The effect of using reduced zone on excess pore water pressure and surface settlement (vertical and horizontal) was also considered and it was found that the excess pore water pressure increases while the settlement trough becomes deeper and narrower using reduced .

Security Control Method of Loading for Surcharge Preloading Based on the Stress Path

2011 ◽  
Vol 368-373 ◽  
pp. 2795-2803
Author(s):  
Heng Hu ◽  
Yan Li ◽  
Zhi Liang Dong ◽  
Yan Luo ◽  
Gong Xin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Pore Water ◽  
Safety Factor ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Pore Water Pressure ◽  
Water Pressure ◽  
Stress Path ◽  
Excess Pore Water Pressure ◽  
Surcharge Preloading ◽  
Security Control ◽  
Excess Pore

All the time, security control method of loading is an important research part in the surcharge preloading, which is directly related to safety of the construction process. Starting from the stress path, discussing the variation of excess pore water pressure and relationship between stress path and security, and bringing forward the control method with a safety factor Fs based on the stress path. By measuring the change of excess pore water pressure, the control method with a safety factor Fs can reflect quantitatively the security status of soil and achieve the purpose of the process control, finally the security control method including the safety factor of loading and speed control is put forward to monitor construction safety. The safety factor of loading Fs is verified and back analyzed with the finite-element software, getting the correction factor from 0.90 to 1.20.

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