Resource-saving processing of technological solutions and wastewater by electrochemical method (methods overview)

Abstract The paper summarizes the data on the wastewater formation from a number of plants of chemical, engineering, energy and leather industries and its processing in electrolyzers of various designs to obtain the substances that can be used in various production processes. In the ethylenediamine production, wastewater occurs at the stages of amines rectification and of ethylenediamine dihydrochloride neutralization. Recycling of effluents generated during the amine rectification in a two-chamber electrolysis cell allows the ethylenediamine and ammonia to be returned to the production process. The processing of ethylenediamine dihydrochloride solution in the membrane electrolyzers saves alkali for the neutralization process. Electrochemical processing of distilled liquid in soda production makes possible to obtain calcium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid or chlorine, which can be used in various industrial processes. Wastewater generated during the demineralized water production contains a significant amounts of sodium sulfates and chlorides. The processing of these effluents in a membrane electrolyzer yields sulfuric acid and alkali, which are suitable for the regeneration of ion-exchange filters. After processing in an electrodialysis apparatus the wastewater generated during the chromium and nickel coatings, is concentrated to values that allow them to be used to prepare an electrolyte adjustment. The leather industry effluents contains an amount of trivalent chromium and sulphides. Electrochemical processing of these effluents leads to almost complete extraction of chromium and sulfides.

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NEW FUNCTIONAL SUBSTANCES AND MATERIALS FOR CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

10.15407/akademperiodyka.444.332 ◽

2021 ◽

Keyword(s):

Chemical Engineering ◽

Energy Resource ◽

National Academy Of Sciences ◽

Resource Saving ◽

Internal Markets ◽

Wide Range ◽

New Energy ◽

Chemical Products ◽

National Industry ◽

Academy Of Sciences

The most important results of the scientific studies, carried out by the Institutes of the National Academy of sciences of Ukraine in the frames of the program for scientific research of the NAS of Ukraine "New Functional Substances and Materials for Chemical Engineering" in 2017-2021, are summarized. In the result of fulfillment of the projects of the Program a number of principally new organic, inorganic, polymeric substances and materials as well as composited based thereon of various functional destination were created, new energy-, resource-saving and ecologically-friendly ways for low-tonnage obtaining of substances and materials of chemical engineering were developed. Use of the obtained materials and methods of chemical substances obtaining in different fields of the national industry will improve the competitive capacity of the national products on the external and internal markets, will favor to significant reduction of the dependency of the country on import of deep technology chemical products, setting up of production of a wide range of chemical products, reagents and preparations in Ukraine.

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Principles for certain geomechanics problems solution during overworking of mine workings

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202128001007 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 280 ◽

pp. 01007

Author(s):

Volodymyr Bondarenko ◽

Iryna Kovalevska ◽

Hennadii Symanovych ◽

Mykhailo Barabash ◽

Ildar Salieiev

Keyword(s):

Coal Seam ◽

Coal Mining ◽

Mine Working ◽

Mining Activity ◽

Mining Engineering ◽

Real Representation ◽

Resource Saving ◽

Mining Operations ◽

Complete Extraction ◽

Mine Workings

This paper deals with two relevant and interrelated directions of coal mining development. Firstly, the resource-saving complete extraction of reserves, and secondly, the intensification of mining activity through mining operations conducted on several seams. The objective of overworking of mine workings with a real representation of mining-and-geological and mining-engineering conditions has been formulated. Five peculiarities of the geomechanical models construction for overworking of mine works have been revealed and substantiated. The technology for performing a series of computational experiments is proposed. The task of the protecting pillar influence, which is located in overlying coal seam, on the state of mine working placed in the underlying coal seam has been solved. An optimal scheme for its maintenance is proposed.

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Development of a Power-and-Resource-Saving Combined Low-Temperature Chemical Engineering Process of Crystalline Phosphatizing

Doklady Chemistry ◽

10.1134/s001250082001005x ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 490 (1) ◽

pp. 19-21

Author(s):

V. P. Meshalkin ◽

T. A. Vagramyan ◽

D. V. Mazurova ◽

N. S. Grigoryan ◽

A. A. Abrashov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Low Temperature ◽

Chemical Engineering ◽

Engineering Process ◽

Resource Saving

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Ecological engineering education: ways of formation and development

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202129608005 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 296 ◽

pp. 08005

Author(s):

Larisa Komarova ◽

Vladimir Somin ◽

Yulia Lazutkina

Keyword(s):

Water Treatment ◽

Environmental Protection ◽

Chemical Engineering ◽

Industrial Ecology ◽

Waste Water Treatment ◽

Ecological Engineering ◽

Waste Recycling ◽

Educational Process ◽

Resource Saving ◽

Best Available Technologies

A system approach based on ecological and economic development required organizing the specialists training in the field of industrial ecology which was first established in our country in the 70s of the last century. In Polzunov Altai State Technical University (AltSTU) at the Department of Chemical Engineering and Engineering Ecology the training of environmental engineers began in the following areas: protection of the atmosphere, hydrosphere and lithosphere from industrial pollution with a specialization in wasted gases purification, wastewater treatment and solid waste recycling. Along with the educational process the scientific direction of creating energy efficient and resource-saving low-waste technologies and natural and waste water treatment was organized. In this area a large number of PhD and doctoral works based on innovative technologies in the field of separation of liquid industrial mixtures - wastes of various industries, as well as water treatment and water purification processes, were performed. More than 1000 environmental engineers have been trained since the creation of the program. Most of them stayed to work in Altai Krai. The accumulated experience made it possible to create a system of advanced training for engineering personnel in the field of environmental protection and ecological security and to win the Russian presidential grants including overseas internships in Sweden and Finland. This allowed to get acquainted with the concept of the best available technologies in the field of environmental protection for sustainable development.

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