The current state of the introduction coenopopulation of Gymnospermium odessanum on the botanical-geographical plot “Steppes of Ukraine” at the M. M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine

Gymnospermium odessanum is a rare relict endemic plant species. The research was carried out during G. odessanum flowering in 2019–2021 at the botanical-geographical plot “Steppes of Ukraine” of the M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (NBG). Ecological and coenotic conditions of introduction at the NBG differ from natural habitats of the species and are not optimal for its vegetation. However, this species demonstrated ecological-coenotic plasticity and, over the decades, has formed a stable homeostatic introduction coenopopulation here. As of 2021, the area of introduction coenopopulation of G. odessanum at the NBG was 2,075 m2. It comprises 412 individuals of this species (including 40 seedlings, 241 juvenile, 45 immature, 40 virginal, 45 generative, and 1 sub-senile plants). Coenopopulation fragments with a high density of G. odessanum individuals are rare here, so the average density is low – only 0.2 individuals per 1 m2. In 2021, in the spectrum of age states, the total percentage of pregenerative individuals was very high and reached 88.8 %; the share of generative individuals was 10.9 %.In general, the age structure of the introduction coenopopulation of G. odessanum is characterized by long-term (2010–2021) stability. The spatial distribution of individuals in the introduction coenopopulation is of two kinds – random and in groups. This is due to combined myrmecochoric and barochoric propagation. Also due to myrmecochory, this coenopopulation tends to spread the area. Compared to natural coenopopulations, the introduction coenopopulation of G. odessanum at the NBG is characterized by a larger area, a much significant number, and, at the same time, a low average density of individuals. However, like in most of natural populations, its age spectrum is left-sided.The conducted research testifies the successful formation of the introduction coenopopulation of G. odessanum in the meadow-steppe cultural phytocoenosis of the NBG. This introduction coenopopulation is an example of a successful multi-year scientific experiment and effective ex situ protection and preservation of G. odessanum on the northern border of the Right Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine, far beyond the natural range of this endemic plant species.

Dedicated to the 95th anniversary of the outstanding scientist Academician of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine V.L. RVACHOV

The article is dedicated to the outstanding scientist of the twentieth century, Academician of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Volodymyr Logvynovych Rvachev, who would have turned 95 in 2021. At one time VL Rvachev was the first rector of HIRE, in 1970 he became head of the Department of Theoretical and Mathematical Physics of KhPI (now it is the Department of Applied Mathematics). The name of this famous scientist is included in the golden pages of the history of mathematics and mechanics. The R-functions theory, as the main scientific discovery of his life, forever glorified VL Rvachev as a great scientist. He created also scientific school which is world-famous due to the numerous implementations and uniqueness of the RFM method. The main biographical data of the famous scientist are presented in the work, the versatility of the talented person, the depth of his life views, the breadth of horizons are emphasized. Particular attention is paid to the development and further application of the R-functions theory to solve modern problems. The response of close people, students and followers who remember their great Teacher is presented in words of gratitude to Volodymyr Logvynovych.

ГОЛОД 1921-1923 РР. НА УМАНЩИНІ (ЗА МАТЕРІАЛАМИ АРХІВУ РОДИНИ КУРІННИХ)

Ключові слова: Уманщина, голод 1921-1923 рр., Петро Курінний, білошовицький режим, воєнний комунізм. Анотація У статті проаналізовано ego-документи родини Курінних (передусім щоденник Петра Федоровича Курінного та особисте листування йог осина Петра Петровича Курінного). Наголошено на основних причинах голоду 1921-1923 рр., його масштаби на території історичної Уманщини. Результатом наукової розвідки є систематизація відомостей з архіву родини Курінних про голод, основні заходи більшовицької влади зі збору податків, вилучення продовольства у населення, здійснення репресивних заходів у боротьбі з селянським повстанським рухом. Посилання Gurevich, 1923 – Gurevich M. B. Golod i Selskoe Khoziaistvo Ukrainy. Ocherk [Famine and agriculture of Ukraine. Essay] / Matvei Borisovich Gurevich. Kharkov: Pervaia Gosudarstvennaia Tipografiia im. tov. Petrovskogo G. I., 1923. 47 s. [in Russian] Didenko, 1962 – Didenko G. D. Rabochii klass Ukrainy v gody vosstanovleniia narodnogo khoziaistva (1921–1925) [Working class of Ukraine in the years of restoration of the national economy (1921-1925)] / Grigorii Demianovich Didenko. K.: Izd-vo AN USSR, 1962. 375 s. [in Russian] Kyrylenko, 2015 – Kyrylenko V. P. Holod 1921–1923 rokiv u Pivdennii Ukraini [The famine of 1921–1923 in Southern Ukraine]. Dys. … kand. ist. nauk. Ministerstvo osvity i nauky Ukrainy; Mykolaivskyi natsionalnyi universytet im. V. O. Sukhomlynskoho. Mykolaiv, 2015. 230 s. [in Ukrainian]. Kulchytskyi, 1993 – Kulchytskyi S. V. Nevidomi storinky holodu 1921–1923 rr. v Ukraini [Unknown pages of the famine of 1921–1923 in Ukraine] / S. V. Kulchytskyi, O. M. Movchan. K.: In-t istorii Ukrainy, 1993. 70 s. [in Ukrainian]. Movchan, 2002 – Movchan O. M. Teror holodom v Ukraini v 1921–1923 rokakh [The famine terror in Ukraine in 1921-1923] / O. M. Movchan // Problemy istorii Ukrainy: fakty, sudzhennia, poshuky. Kyiv: Instytut istorii Ukrainy NAN Ukrainy, 2002. №7. C. 66-78. [in Ukrainian]. Movchan, 1988 – Movchan O. N. Trudiashchiesia USSR v borbe s prodovolstvennym krizisom pri perekhode k nepu [Workers of the USSR in the fight against the food crisis in the transition to the nep] / Olga Nikolaevna Movchan. K.: Naukova dumka, 1988. 124 s. [in Russian] NA IA NANU – Naukovyi arkhiv Instytutu arkheolohii NAN Ukrainy [Scientific archive of the Institute of Archeology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine] [in Ukrainian]. Poliakov, 1975 – Poliakov Iu. A. 1921-i: pobeda nad golodom [1921: victory over hunger] / Iurii Aleksandrovich Poliakov. M.: Politizdat, 1975. 112 s. [in Russian] Torhalo, 2014 – Uman i umanchany ochyma P. F. Kurinnoho [Uman and Uman residents through the eyes of P. F. Kurinnyi] / Uklad. Yu. V. Torhalo / Uman: Vydavets «Sochinskyi», 2014. 428 s. [in Ukrainian]. Khenkin, 1988 – Khenkin E. M. Ocherki istorii borby Sovetskogo gosudarstva s golodom (1921–1922) [Essays on the history of the struggle of the Soviet state against hunger (1921–1922)] / Evel Moiseevich Khenkin. Krasnoiarsk: Izd-vo Krasnoiarskogo un-ta, 1988. 171 s. [in Russian] Khomenko, 1927 – Khomenko A. P. Naselennia Ukrainy (1897–1927 rr.) [Population of Ukraine 1897‒1927] / Arsenii Petrovych Khomenko. Kharkiv: Derzhavne vydavnytstvo Ukrainy, 1927. 79 s. [in Ukrainian]

HORODNYTSIA TREASURE: VOLODYMYR SVIATOSLAVYCH'S SILVER COINS

The discovery of the Horodnytsia treasure took place in the following graduality. In the evening of 27rd of August 2020 near the village of Horodnytsia, Novohrad-Volynskyi district, Zhytomyr region the local resident Serhii Komar found the treasure of coins of Volodymyr Sviatoslavych (Volodymyr the Great, Volodymyr the Saint) and Sviatopolk Yaropolkovych (“Sviatopolk the Cursed”). The treasure find took place in the forest near the river Sluch while extraction of the sand for household needs. In the morning of 28rd of August the treasure was transferred to the local government authorities – the village council of Horodnytsia according to the Ukrainian law. The expertise of the treasure was carried out at place of find by Dr. Oleksander Alf’orov – the researcher of the Institute of History of Ukraine of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. The treasure consisted of 32 silver coins (sribnyks) inclusively 26 coins of Volodymyr Sviatoslavych and 6 coins of Sviatopolk Yaropolkovych. Next day the group of scientists with the chief of the Zhytomyr Archaeological Expedition of the Institute of Archeology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Dr. Andrii Petrauskas and the representative of the Ministry of Culture and Information Policy of Ukraine, the head of the Department of permitting and approval documentation in the branch of the cultural heritage protection – Dr. Bohdan Motsia and the head of the Early Iron Age Archeology department of the National Museum of Ukrainian History – Dr. Serhii Didenko and the research fellow of the Institute of History of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine – Dr. Oleksander Alf’orov and the director of the Novohrad-Volynskyi Local Lore Museum – Olena Zhovtyuk and the workmate of the Zhytomyr Archaeological Expedition of the Institute of Archeology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine – Oleksander Minaev. At that place after the professional archeological excavations was discovered the traces of the pit where the treasure was placed. Additionally one more coin and 5 fragments were discovered during the excavation using a metal detector. Thus, on 29th of August 2020, the Horodnytsia treasure numbered 38 coins: 31 sribnyks of Volodymyr the Great (II-IV coin types according to Ivan Tolstoy’s the typological classification), and 7 sribnyks of Sviatopolk Yaropolkovych (all three known coin types). Since the discovery of the Kyiv treasure in 1876, the Horodnytsia treasure is the largest. Analyzing the complex we can suggest that its hoarding took place during the reign of Sviatopolk Yaropolkovych or possibly after his death. Thus, all of the sribnyks of Volodymyr the Great are represent by three of the four types of prince’s issues. Generally speaking, the Type II numbered 6 pieces, Type III numbered 16 pieces and Type IV numbered 9 pieces. And the Type I is absent in the hoard. 10 coins are minted by previously unknown die pairs (in the treasure №№ 10, 11, 12, 14, 16, 20, 21, 32, 34, 38). Additionally interesting are 2 coins with the unknown die combination (in the treasure №№ 15, 22). Their obverses are already published but the reverses are being published for the first time. Thus, 31 sribnyks were investigated and ten of them are minted by previously unknown die pairs and two by unknown die combinations. Since the discovery of the Kyiv treasure in 1876, the Horodnytsia treasure is the largest, as well as one that can be classified as authentic, which is additionally confirmed by the discovery of coins at the place of the treasury find. The unique feature of the Horodnytsia treasure can be considered that the place of its discovery was examined archaeologically: the peculiarities of its topography, conditions of occurrence, stratigraphy and location in the settlement system of the region were revealed. It should be underlined that the treasure was found in the region, where the sribnyks of Volodymyr and Sviatopolk were previously unknown among the coin finds. Unlike the previous finds of sribnyks, the Horodnytsia treasure was not transferred to the private collections abroad, but replenished the museum fund of Ukraine. The further research of the treasure with the use of the newest modern technologies will increase the information potential of this treasure.

COMPUTATIONAL AND EXPERIMENTAL METHOD FOR ESTIMATING THE RESIDUAL LIFE OF GEARS BASED ON VIBRATION MONITORING DATA

A computational and experimental method for estimating the residual life of gears in the inter-repair period is proposed. The method is based on the main provisions of the theory of vibration-pulse diagnostics of spur gears, developed at the OIM of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. The main performance criteria are the contact and bending endurance of the teeth. Accounting for changes in the value of the coefficient of internal dynamic load in the gearing during the operation of gears is carried out on the basis of vibration analysis during their vibration monitoring. The proposed method makes it possible to estimate the residual life of the gear mechanism at any stage of operation, providing the opportunity to organize the transition from planned preventive maintenance of machines to maintenance according to the actual condition. An example of estimating the residual life of a gear pair that limits the reliability of a two-row planetary gear motor-wheel of a heavy-duty dump truck is given. Keywords: gear transmission; vibration monitoring; residual life; inter-repair period; internal dynamic load in engagement

ADVANCES IN SCIENCE EDITING AND COMMUNICATION (PART 3)

In the second half of 2021, 2 webinars and a meeting of the editorial team of the journal “Proceedings of the Shevchenko Scientific Society. Medical Sciences ” took place online. These events took place as a continuation of a specially designed program of lectures and masterclasses in English to improve the writing skills of modern high-quality scientific publications. These events were held with the support of Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, the Shevchenko Scientific Society, the Western Scientific Centre of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine, and the Council of Scientific Editors of Ukraine. Registered participants had the opportunity to view online broadcasts and recordings of the events at “Рroceedings of the Shevchenko Scientific Society. Medical Sciences” journal Facebook page and Youtube channel (https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC40L7KlZ5UU4hrMj_--yqHw). Each registered participant received a certificate with a certain number of points of continuous professional development

Ethnomusicology of Ukraine at The Turn of XX–XXI Centuries (1991–2021):Centers, Pedagogy, Documentation

The restoration of Ukraine’s independence in 1991 created favorable conditions for the powerful development of domestic ethnomusicology. Ukrainian musical folklore research has a long tradition, but for a hundred years the research has been conducted in difficult historical and political realities. This did not contribute to the proper development of folk music research, especially in the Soviet period. The period 1991–2021 is quite interesting, although difficult and ambiguous. The revival of Ukrainian ethnomusicology began in the early 1990s. Unfortunately, not all initiatives have been continued. Many initiatives had to be stopped due to financial difficulties, political circumstances, lack of sufficient specialists and so on. This article was inspired by the need to summarize everything that has been done in Ukrainian musical folklore over the past 30 years, to consider the achievements of Ukrainian ethnomusicology in 1991–2021. Previously, there was no general research on this topic, because various Ukrainian scientists have written about certain aspects of ethnomusicological work and about different time periods in the history of musical folkloristics of the period of independence. The research will be published in two parts: in this issue of the yearbook the main Ukrainian ethnomusicological centers will be presented, the state of domestic ethno-pedagogy will be discussed, documentation (field and archival) of folk music will be considered. The next issue will analyze the scientific, publishing, conference, promotional activities of Ukrainian researchers of folk music. Kyiv and Lviv have been the main Ukrainian centers for the study of folk music since the early twentieth century. The same is true today: the basic Ukrainian ethnomusical centers are the Rylsky Institute of Art Studies, Folklore and Ethnology (IAFE) of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, the Tchaikovsky National Academy of Music of Ukraine and the Lysenko Lviv National Academy of Music. Research Scientific Laboratory of Music Ethnology and Departments of musical folklore were opened in both Academies in the early 1990s. Well-known scientists, doctors of science and PhD, and their junior colleagues work in these centers. Publishing activity is developing: encyclopedias, monographs, folklore collections, collections of articles, periodicals are published. Kyiv and Lviv higher music institutions publish the only in Ukraine purely ethnomusicological yearbooks of scientific articles and materials – «Problems of music ethnology» and «Ethnomusic». Regional ethnomusicological centers operate in many cities of Ukraine – Kharkiv, Odessa, Dnipro, Sumy, Rivne, Uzhgorod, etc. During the period of Independence, ethnomusicological education was actively developing. The two main areas are the education of ethnomusicologists-theorists and ethnomusicologists-practitioners, leaders of folklore ensembles. The first ones are prepared mainly by Kyiv and Lviv Music academies, where various specialized disciplines are taught. The second is taught in higher educational institutions of Kyiv, Kharkiv, Rivne, Sumy. An important area of activity of almost all Ukrainian ethnomusicological centers in the period of Independence was the documentation of folk music: the collection of musical folklore, transcription and archiving. Folk music was most actively collected in the early 1990s, but over time this work has slowed down, in part because authentic tradition is dying out and living in the passive memory of performers. Today the largest archives of folk music are in IAFE and Kyiv and Lviv Music academies. Archival collections are actively digitized, some materials can be found on the Internet – both on special sites-archives of folk music, and YouTube channels, which usually refer to the different ethnomusical centers. The main prospect of Ukrainian archivists engaged in musical folklore is the creation of the Central Electronic Archive of Ukrainian Folklore

Collection of the genus Cotinus Mill. in the National dendrological park “Sofiyivka” of NAS of Ukraine

Intr0ducti0n. Green plantations in Ukraine require optimization of species, shape and varietal composition of ornamental plants. These include the genus Cotinus Mill. one of the oldest genera of angiosperms of the Sumac family (Anacardiaceae Lindl.). Matcrials and mcth0ds. The species and varietal composition of the Cotinus collection of the Sofiyivka National Dendrological Park of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine was studied. Morphological fea- tures of collectibles of the genus Cotinus were studied according to generally accepted methods. Rcsults and discussi0n. In he collection of the National Arboretum “Sofiyivka” of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine two species and 4 cultivars of the genus Cotinus were tested and studied, namely: C. obovatus Raf., C. coggygria Scop., C. coggygria ‘Royal Purple’, C. coggygria ‘Purpureus’, C. coggygria ‘Young Lady, C. coggygria ‘Golden Spirit’. According to our research, all members of the genus Cotinus winter-, frost-resistant, as well as drought-resistant plants. They have satisfactory growth and bloom and bear fruit annually. C0nclusi0ns. Thus, the collection of plants of NDP “Sofiyivka” includes a valuable fund of genetic resources of the genus Cotinus, which is used mainly as a mother plant for the reproduction of ornamental forms that are in demand in the market of seedlings.

Preservation, enrichment and use of the collection fund of energy and aromatic plants of M. M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of NAS of Ukraine as a scientific object that is a national treasure

Intr0ducti0n. Because plants are an important factor in the existence of the biosphere and life on Earth, plant resources are an invaluable asset that requires comprehensive study, conservation and rational use in the context of global climate change. Matcrials and mcth0ds. The subject of research was the collection of spice, essential, medicinal, energy, oilseeds, sugar plants. The object of the study was the process of introduction, selection, conservation and enrichment of genetic resources of energy and aromatic plants. Methods of introduction, acclimatization, adaptation, selection, biotech- nology are used. Physiological, biochemical, allelopathic, and ecological methods were also used. Rcsults and discus- si0n. For many years of introduction and selection work in the department of cultural flora of NBG collected valuable gene pool of useful plants (about 2000 taxa) part of which, namely “Collection Fund of Energy and Aromatic Plants of the National Botanical Garden of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine ” (over 1500 samples) is included in the List of scientific objects that make up the National Heritage.The structure and features of the scientific object (systematic, morphological-biological, botanical-geographical, ecological) are comprehensively studied and the social and economic significance of the respective groups of useful plants is assessed. About 100 varieties have been created by various selection and genetic methods, which are recommended for growing in all agro-climatic zones of Ukraine. For the first time, about 50 new highly productive economically valuable crops from the collection fund have been introduced into the State Reg- ister of Plant Varieties of Ukraine. Based on the use of the collection fund, about 50 promising phytotechnologies for the production of biofuels, food products and phytomedicines have been developed. For the first time in Ukraine more than 40 Methods of examination of varieties of new energy and aromatic crops for difference, homogeneity and stability have been developed. C0nclusi0ns. As a result of many years of introductory and selection-genetic work in the department of cultural flora of the NBG, the “Collection Fund of Energy and Aromatic Plants” was created — as a scientific object that is a National Heritage. Important scientific and practical results on the preservation, enrichment and use of the collection have been obtained.