HIV Provider Perspectives: The Impact of Stigma on Substance Abusers Living with HIV in a Rural Area of the United States

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 669-675 ◽  
Author(s):  
John F. Yannessa ◽  
Michael Reece ◽  
Tania B. Basta
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Substance Abusers ◽  
The United States ◽  
Provider Perspectives ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals 1316. Gathering Trauma Narratives: A Qualitative Study on the Impact of Traumas on People Living with HIV (PLWH)

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S475-S475
Author(s):  
Doris Pierson ◽  
Vaidehi Mujumdar ◽  
Brittany Briceño ◽  
Elaina Cummer ◽  
Kshipra Hemal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Viral Suppression ◽  
The United States ◽  
Hiv Care ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Reproductive Intentions ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Trauma—emotional, physical, and psychological—is common and associated with increased risk behaviors, low rates of care engagement and viral suppression, and overall poor health outcomes for people living with HIV (PLWH). In the United States, there are limited data on how trauma affects reproductive health beliefs for PLWH and even less data on HIV providers’ understanding and consideration of these experiences in their approach to patients. Methods Fifteen semi-structured interviews were conducted with PLWH and nine semi-structured interviews were conducted with HIV care and service providers at an academic medical center in the Southeastern United States. Transcripts were analyzed using thematic analysis. Each transcript was coded by two investigators and discussed to ensure consensus. Results Participants’ narratives described diverse traumas, including sexual abuse (n = 6), the loss of a loved one (n = 8), and personal illness (n = 7). Types of trauma shared with providers included physical, sexual, illness, loss, and psychological. For patients, trauma was both a motivation for having children and a reason to stop having children. Providers perceived a variety of effects of trauma on both sexual behaviors and reproductive intentions. Reproductive counseling by HIV care providers (n = 5) focused on maintaining a healthy pregnancy and less on reproductive intentions prior to pregnancy. Reproductive discussions with pregnant female patients typically centered on reducing the risk of transmission in utero (including the importance of medication adherence to maintain viral suppression), what will happen during delivery, and breastfeeding risks. Reproductive discussions with males typically centered on preventing infection or re-infection of the mother. Conclusion PLWH interpret their trauma experiences differently, particularly when considering reproduction. Providers may not incorporate this information in counseling around reproductive health, highlighting the need fora trauma-informed healthcare practice that promotes awareness, education on the effect of past traumas on health, and access to appropriate resources. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

Wrestling with 9/11: Immigrant Perceptions and Perceptions of Immigrants

2006 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Brettell
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Immigration Policy ◽  
Asian Indians ◽  
World Trade Center ◽  
The United States ◽  
Fort Worth ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
Immigrant Populations ◽  
Trade Center ◽  
The Impact

Soon after 9/11 a research project to study new immigration into the Dallas Fort Worth metropolitan area got under way. In the questionnaire that was administered to 600 immigrants across five different immigrant populations (Asian Indians, Vietnamese, Mexicans, Salvadorans, and Nigerians) between 2003 and 2005 we decided to include a question about the impact of 9/11 on their lives. We asked: “How has the attack on the World Trade Center on September 11, 2001 affected your position as an immigrant in the United States?” This article analyzes the responses to this question, looking at similarities and differences across different immigrant populations. It also addresses the broader issue of how 9/11 has affected both immigration policy and attitudes toward the foreign-born in the United States. 

Anne O. Krueger, Constantine Michalopoulos and Vernon W. Ruttan. Aid and Development. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press. 1989. xiv + 386 pp.Price: U.S. $ 52.00

1991 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-217
Author(s):  
Mir Annice Mahmood
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
International Development ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Development Assistance ◽  
The United States ◽  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
Low Literacy ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Impact

Foreign aid has been the subject of much examination and research ever since it entered the economic armamentarium approximately 45 years ago. This was the time when the Second World War had successfully ended for the Allies in the defeat of Germany and Japan. However, a new enemy, the Soviet Union, had materialized at the end of the conflict. To counter the threat from the East, the United States undertook the implementation of the Marshal Plan, which was extremely successful in rebuilding and revitalizing a shattered Western Europe. Aid had made its impact. The book under review is by three well-known economists and is the outcome of a study sponsored by the Department of State and the United States Agency for International Development. The major objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of assistance, i.e., aid, on economic development. This evaluation however, was to be based on the existing literature on the subject. The book has five major parts: Part One deals with development thought and development assistance; Part Two looks at the relationship between donors and recipients; Part Three evaluates the use of aid by sector; Part Four presents country case-studies; and Part Five synthesizes the lessons from development assistance. Part One of the book is very informative in that it summarises very concisely the theoretical underpinnings of the aid process. In the beginning, aid was thought to be the answer to underdevelopment which could be achieved by a transfer of capital from the rich to the poor. This approach, however, did not succeed as it was simplistic. Capital transfers were not sufficient in themselves to bring about development, as research in this area came to reveal. The development process is a complicated one, with inputs from all sectors of the economy. Thus, it came to be recognized that factors such as low literacy rates, poor health facilities, and lack of social infrastructure are also responsible for economic backwardness. Part One of the book, therefore, sums up appropriately the various trends in development thought. This is important because the book deals primarily with the issue of the effectiveness of aid as a catalyst to further economic development.

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