scholarly journals Acute Clinical Predictors of Symptom Recovery in Emergency Department Patients with Uncomplicated Mild Traumatic Brain Injury or Non-Traumatic Brain Injuries

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsay D. Nelson ◽  
Robyn E. Furger ◽  
Jana Ranson ◽  
Sergey Tarima ◽  
Thomas A. Hammeke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Emergency Department ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injuries ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injuries ◽  
Clinical Predictors ◽  
Symptom Recovery ◽  
Emergency Department Patients

scholarly journals A model of longitudinal hemodynamic alterations after mild traumatic brain injury in adolescents

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 205970021983865
Author(s):  
Corey M Thibeault ◽  
Samuel Thorpe ◽  
Nicolas Canac ◽  
Michael J O’Brien ◽  
Mina Ranjbaran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Diagnostic Tool ◽  
Brain Injuries ◽  
Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injuries ◽  
Traumatic Injuries ◽  
Adolescent Population ◽  
Inverse Models

There is an unquestionable need for quantitative biomarkers of mild traumatic brain injuries. Something that is particularly true for adolescents – where the recovery from these injuries is still poorly understood. However, within this population, it is clear that the vasculature is distinctly affected by a mild traumatic brain injury. In addition, our group recently demonstrated how that effect appears to show a progression of alterations similar but in contrast to that found in severe traumatic injuries. Through measuring an adolescent population with transcranial Doppler ultrasound during a hypercapnia challenge, multiple phases of hemodynamic dysfunction were suggested. Here, we create a generalized model of the hemodynamic responses by fitting a set of inverse models to the dominant features from that work. The resulting model helps define the multiple phases of hemodynamic recovery after a mild traumatic brain injury. This can eventually be generalized, potentially providing a diagnostic tool for clinicians tracking patient’s recovery, and ultimately, resulting in more informed decisions and better outcomes.

scholarly journals Clinical Predictors of 3- and 6-Month Outcome for Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Patients with a Negative Head CT Scan in the Emergency Department: A TRACK-TBI Pilot Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 269
Author(s):  
Debbie Madhok ◽  
John Yue ◽  
Xiaoying Sun ◽  
Catherine Suen ◽  
Nathan Coss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Emergency Department ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Psychiatric History ◽  
Clinical Predictors ◽  
Head Ct ◽  
Risk Patients

A considerable subset of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) patients fail to return to baseline functional status at or beyond 3 months postinjury. Identifying at-risk patients for poor outcome in the emergency department (ED) may improve surveillance strategies and referral to care. Subjects with mTBI (Glasgow Coma Scale 13–15) and negative ED initial head CT < 24 h of injury, completing 3- or 6-month functional outcome (Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended; GOSE), were extracted from the prospective, multicenter Transforming Research and Clinical Knowledge in Traumatic Brain Injury (TRACK-TBI) Pilot study. Outcomes were dichotomized to full recovery (GOSE = 8) vs. functional deficits (GOSE < 8). Univariate predictors with p < 0.10 were considered for multivariable regression. Adjusted odds ratios (AOR) were reported for outcome predictors. Significance was assessed at p < 0.05. Subjects who completed GOSE at 3- and 6-month were 211 (GOSE < 8: 60%) and 185 (GOSE < 8: 65%). Risk factors for 6-month GOSE < 8 included less education (AOR = 0.85 per-year increase, 95% CI: (0.74–0.98)), prior psychiatric history (AOR = 3.75 (1.73–8.12)), Asian/minority race (American Indian/Alaskan/Hawaiian/Pacific Islander) (AOR = 23.99 (2.93–196.84)), and Hispanic ethnicity (AOR = 3.48 (1.29–9.37)). Risk factors for 3-month GOSE < 8 were similar with the addition of injury by assault predicting poorer outcome (AOR = 3.53 (1.17–10.63)). In mTBI patients seen in urban trauma center EDs with negative CT, education, injury by assault, Asian/minority race, and prior psychiatric history emerged as risk factors for prolonged disability.

scholarly journals Neurotoxic tau oligomers after single versus repetitive mild traumatic brain injury

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice Bittar ◽  
Nemil Bhatt ◽  
Tasneem F Hasan ◽  
Mauro Montalbano ◽  
Nicha Puangmalai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injuries ◽  
Head Injuries ◽  
Long Term Potentiation ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injuries ◽  
Tau Oligomers ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injuries ◽  
Single Versus

Abstract Mild traumatic brain injury accounts for the majority of head injuries and has been correlated with neurodegeneration and dementia. While repetitive mild traumatic brain injury is highly correlated to neurodegeneration, the correlation of a single mild traumatic brain injury with neurodegeneration is still unclear. Because tau aggregates are the main form of mild traumatic brain injury induced pathology, toxic forms of tau protein most likely play a role in the development of post-mild traumatic brain injury neurodegeneration. Therefore, it becomes crucial to characterize the properties of soluble tau aggregates in single versus repetitive mild traumatic brain injury. Herein, we isolated tau oligomers from wild-type mice exposed to single or repetitive mild traumatic brain injury and characterized the tau aggregates at functional, biochemical and biophysical levels. We demonstrated that single versus repetitive mild traumatic brain injuries frequencies lead to the formation of different tau oligomeric polymorphisms. These polymorphisms express different long-term potentiation impairment potencies, toxicity potentials, morphologies and strain indicating properties. To our knowledge, this is the first evidence that soluble tau oligomers derived from single versus repetitive mild traumatic brain injuries form distinct polymorphisms that possibly correlate with the risk of neurodegeneration after mild traumatic brain injury.

scholarly journals Acute Concussion versus Catastrophic Brain Injury

Concussion ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 37-40
Author(s):  
Brian Hainline ◽  
Lindsey J. Gurin ◽  
Daniel M. Torres
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Emergency Medical Services ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Severe Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injuries ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injuries ◽  
Severe Brain Injury ◽  
Low Threshold

Concussion is considered a type of mild traumatic brain injury, and may exist on a continuum with moderate and severe brain injury. If an individual has suffered an injury severe enough to cause a concussion, there should be a low threshold for also suspecting a more severe traumatic brain injury. In contact/collision sports, it is desirable to have an emergency action plan in place for catastrophic injuries that include moderate or severe traumatic brain injuries. Emergency medical services should be activated for suspected moderate and severe traumatic brain injuries.

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