scholarly journals The Whitehorse NoFalls trial: effects on fall rates and injurious fall rates

2010 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 728-733 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. P. Fitzharris ◽  
L. Day ◽  
S. R. Lord ◽  
I. Gordon ◽  
B. Fildes
Keyword(s):  
Injurious Fall ◽  
Fall Rates

scholarly journals Improved Processing Speed Is a Potential Mechanism by Which Exercise Reduces Falls

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 235-235
Author(s):  
Teresa Liu-Ambrose ◽  
Jennifer Davis ◽  
Ryan Falck ◽  
Karim Khan
Keyword(s):  
Processing Speed ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Digit Symbol ◽  
Potential Mechanism ◽  
Mediation Analyses ◽  
Injurious Falls ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Injurious Fall ◽  
Fall Rates ◽  
Significant Mediator

Abstract A 12-month trial demonstrated the Otago Exercise Program (OEP), a home-based exercise program of strength and balance retraining exercises, significantly reduced the rate of subsequent falls among 344 older adults receiving care after a fall (JAMA, 2019). A significant improvement in processing speed, as measured by the Digit Symbol Substitute Test (DSST), was also observed. Given the DSST is a predictor of falls, we conducted mediation analyses to determine whether improved DSST mediated the effects of OEP on rate of: 1) total falls; 2) non-injurious falls; 3) mild injurious falls; and 4) severe injurious falls over the 12-month trial. Our causal mediation analyses were conducted using the mediation package in R, using quasi-Bayesian estimates and 95% confidence intervals. Compared with usual care, OEP significantly reduced the rate of total falls (IRR= 0.64; 95% CI: 0.44, 0.91; p= 0.013) and mild injurious falls (IRR= 0.49; 95% CI: 0.31, 0.77; p= 0.002). Improved DSST score was also associated with lower mild injurious fall rates (IRR= 0.95; 95% CI: [0.91, 0.99]; p= 0.014). Formal mediation analyses showed that improved DSST was a significant mediator of the effect of OEP on the rate of mild injurious falls (95% CI: -0.15, 0.00; p= 0.036). Improved processing speed may be a mechanism by which exercise reduces mild injurious falls.

scholarly journals The Impact of Weather and Seasons on Falls and Physical Activity among Older Adults with Glaucoma: A Longitudinal Prospective Cohort Study

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 3415
Author(s):  
Hursuong Vongsachang ◽  
Aleksandra Mihailovic ◽  
Jian-Yu E ◽  
David S. Friedman ◽  
Sheila K. West ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Fall Prevention ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Activity Promotion ◽  
Injurious Fall ◽  
Multivariable Regression ◽  
Multivariable Regression Models ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Understanding periods of the year associated with higher risk for falling and less physical activity may guide fall prevention and activity promotion for older adults. We examined the relationship between weather and seasons on falls and physical activity in a three-year cohort of older adults with glaucoma. Participants recorded falls information via monthly calendars and participated in four one-week accelerometer trials (baseline and per study year). Across 240 participants, there were 406 falls recorded over 7569 person-months, of which 163 were injurious (40%). In separate multivariable regression models incorporating generalized estimating equations, temperature, precipitation, and seasons were not significantly associated with the odds of falling, average daily steps, or average daily active minutes. However, every 10 °C increase in average daily temperature was associated with 24% higher odds of a fall being injurious, as opposed to non-injurious (p = 0.04). The odds of an injurious fall occurring outdoors, as opposed to indoors, were greater with higher average temperatures (OR per 10 °C = 1.46, p = 0.03) and with the summer season (OR = 2.69 vs. winter, p = 0.03). Falls and physical activity should be understood as year-round issues for older adults, although the likelihood of injury and the location of fall-related injuries may change with warmer season and temperatures.

scholarly journals Comparison of the fall rate and structure of recent T-7 XBT manufactured by Sippican and TSK

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 1811-1847 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kizu ◽  
C. Sukigara ◽  
K. Hanawa
Keyword(s):  
Quadratic Form ◽  
Water Entry ◽  
Rate Coefficients ◽  
Fall Rate ◽  
Current Standard ◽  
Expendable Bathythermograph ◽  
Structural Differences ◽  
Fall Rates ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Temperature Depth

Abstract. The fall rate of recent T-7 expendable bathythermograph (XBT) is evaluated based on a series of concurrent measurement with a calibrated Conductivity Temperature Depth profiler (CTD) in the sea east of Japan. An emphasis is placed on comparing the fall rates of T-7 produced by the two present manufacturers, the Lockheed Martin Sippican Inc., and the Tsurumi Seiki Co. Ltd., which have been believed to be identical but had never been compared directly. It is found that the two manufacturers' T-7 fall at rates different by about 3.5%. The Sippican T-7 falls slower than the current standard equation by Hanawa et al. (1995) gives by about 2.1%, and the TSK T-7 falls faster than it tells by about 1.4%. The fall-rate coefficients estimated based on the present sea test by applying the equation of traditional quadratic form, d(t)=at−bt2 where d is depth in meters and t is the time elapsed, since the water entry of the probe, in seconds, are a=6.553 and b=0.00221 for the LMS T-7, and a=6.803 and b=0.00242 for the TSK T-7. By detail examination of the probes, it is revealed that the two companies' T-7 have different total weight and many structural differences. Because the difference in the fall rate is about twice larger than the difference in weight (about 2%), it is inferred that those structural differences give sizable impact to the difference in their fall rates. Our results clearly show that the recent T-7 of the two companies needs to be discriminated.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document