scholarly journals Comparison of Various Spray Schedules to Control Worms in Cotton, Painter, Va

1995 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 217-217
Author(s):  
John Speese
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Eastern Shore ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Compressed Gas ◽  
Extension Center ◽  
Spray Applications

Abstract Cotton was planted on 11 May at the Eastern Shore Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Painter, VA. Each plot consisted of two 25 ft long rows planted on 3 ft spacing, and replicated four times in a randomized, complete block design. Each plot was bordered by an untreated guard row. Sprays were applied using a compressed gas backpack sprayer delivering 10 gal water/acre at 60 psi and equipped with a single nozzle (TX4) boom. Bollworm egg thresholds of 2 eggs/100 bolls and 5 eggs/50 terminals were exceeded on 5 Aug and the first spray applications were made on this date. The 5-day sprays were applied on 10 Aug, and the 10-day sprays on 15 Aug. Plots were then scouted weekly to determine if subsequent sprays were needed by examining 25 bolls per plot for live worms. Although egg threshold was no longer used after 5 Aug in making spray decisions, it was noted that egg threshold was exceeded in the as needed treatments on 9 Aug.

scholarly journals Comparison of Various Classes of Foliar Insecticides for Worm Control in Fall Cabbage, 1994

1995 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-79
Author(s):  
John Speese
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Eastern Shore ◽  
Hollow Cone ◽  
Plot Sampling ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Worm Control ◽  
Extension Center

Abstract Cabbage was transplanted in two fields on 10 Aug at the Eastern Shore Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Painter, VA. In both fields, each plot consisted of a single 25 ft × 3 ft row, replicated four times in a randomized, complete block design. Plots were separated by untreated guard rows. Sprays were applied on the dates indicated in the tables using a 3 hollow cone nozzle boom backpack sprayer delivering 60 gal water/acre at 40 psi. Evaluation criteria consisted of counts of all worm species present and final market ratings on 5 randomly chosen plants/plot. Sampling dates for each field are indicated in the tables. Market ratings were estimated according to Greene et al. in J. Econ. Entomol. 62(4): 798-800. A rating greater than 3 is considered unmarketable.

Foliar Sprays to Control Insects in Wheat, Painter, Va, 1993

1995 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 265-265
Author(s):  
John Speese III
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Eastern Shore ◽  
Treatment Threshold ◽  
Flag Leaves ◽  
Foliar Sprays ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Extension Center

Abstract Wheat was planted on 13 Nov 1993 at the Eastern Shore Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Painter, VA. Each plot was 25 ft long by 5 ft wide and replicated 4 times in a randomized, complete block design. Sprays were applied on 2 May using a 3-nozzle flat fan boom backpack sprayer delivering 20 gal water/acre at 40 psi, when CLB pressure was at or near the treatment threshold of 1 larva/flag leaf in most plots. Numbers of CLB larvae/50 flag leaves and numbers of EGA/50 ears were counted in each plot on the dates indicated in the table. Percent defoliation was rated on 12 May on 25 randomly chosen flag leaves/plot, and the plots were harvested on 7 Jul.

scholarly journals Azadirachtin (Align) to Control CPB on Potatoes, 1994

1995 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 126-126
Author(s):  
John Speese
Keyword(s):  
First Generation ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Eastern Shore ◽  
Hollow Cone ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Extension Center

Abstract Potatoes were planted on 11 April at the Eastern Shore Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Painter, VA. Each plot consisted of two 25 ft rows on 3 ft row spacing, replicated four times in a randomized, complete block design. An untreated guard row separated each plot. Admire 2F was applied in furrow preplanting using a single hollow cone nozzle boom backpack sprayer. Foliar sprays were applied on the dates indicated in the table using a 3 hollow cone nozzle boom backpack sprayer delivering 60 gal water/acre at 40 psi. On 21 and 23 Jun, the entire test was sprayed out with Vydate L at 0.50 lb(AI)/acre and Furadan 4F at 1.00 lb (AI)/acre to control first generation CPB adults. Evaluation criteria and spray decisions were based on weekly counts of all CPB life stages present on 10 random stems/plot. Sprays were applied if the following thresholds were exceeded: 4 small larvae, 1.5 large larvae, or 0.5 adults/stem. Percent defoliation for each plot was rated on 16 Jun and both rows of each plot were harvested and graded on 20 Jul to determine yields.

scholarly journals Use of Pymetrozine (CGA-215 944) to Control Cabbage Aphids in Collards, 1994

1995 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-83
Author(s):  
John Speese
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Eastern Shore ◽  
Hollow Cone ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Extension Center ◽  
Cabbage Aphids

Abstract This study was conducted in a commercial collards field planted on 17 Aug near the Eastern Shore Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Painter, VA. Each plot consisted of a single 25 ft × 3 ft row, bordered on each side by an untreated guard row, and replicated four times in a randomized, complete block design. Treatments were applied 15 Sep with a single hollow cone nozzle boom backpack sprayer delivering 60 gal water/acre at 40 psi and the total number of cabbage aphids was counted 20 and 28 Sep on 10 randomly picked leaves/plot.

scholarly journals Comparison of Biological and Standard Materials to Control Insects in Fall Tomatoes, 1995

1996 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 188-189
Author(s):  
John Speese
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Eastern Shore ◽  
Hollow Cone ◽  
Ripe Fruit ◽  
Green Fruit ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Control Disease ◽  
Extension Center

Abstract Tomatoes were transplanted on 27 Jul at the Eastern Shore Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Painter, VA. Each plot consisted of a single 25ft row with 5ft spacing between rows. An untreated guard row separated each plot. Treatments were replicated 4 times in a randomized, complete block design. Sprays were applied with a backpack sprayer using 3 hollow cone nozzles/row and delivering 45 gal water/acre at 40 psi. Applications were madeweekly from 12 Sep until 18 Oct with a total of 6 applications. Bravo 720 at 1.5pt/acre was added to the treatments and the check on 26 Sep and 2 and 9 Oct to control disease. Evaluation criteria consisted of counts of the number of worm damaged fruit per 25 random fruit/plot, and counts of PA numbers on 5 random compound leaves/plot. Sample dates are indicated in the table. Green fruit was picked on 9 Oct and mature green and ripe fruit was picked on 24 Oct.

scholarly journals Foliar Sprays to Control Insects in Wheat, 1995

1996 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 318-318
Author(s):  
John Speese
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Aphid Species ◽  
Eastern Shore ◽  
Bare Ground ◽  
Foliar Sprays ◽  
Compressed Gas ◽  
Extension Center ◽  
Flat Fan Nozzle

Abstract Wheat was planted on 2 Nov, 1994, at the Eastern Shore Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Painter, VA. Plots were 25 ft long by 5 ft wide, with 7 inch spacing between rows. Each plot was separated from each other by 3 ft of bare ground and replicated 4 times in a RCB design. Insect pressure from all species was low this year. Treatments were applied on 5 May using a propane compressed gas backpack sprayer with a 3 flat fan nozzle boom which delivered 20 gal water/acre at 40 psi. Evaluation criteria consisted of counts of insects present on 6 ft of row. EGA was the dominant aphid species with low numbers of BCOA present. Numbers of both species were analyzed together as a complex.

scholarly journals Soil and Foliar Insecticides to Control Insects in Sweet Potatoes, Painter, VA, 1994

1995 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-133
Author(s):  
John Speese
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Light Trap ◽  
Corn Rootworm ◽  
Sweet Potatoes ◽  
Click Beetles ◽  
Foliar Sprays ◽  
Southern Corn Rootworm ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Extension Center

Abstract Sweet potatoes were planted on 17 Jun at the Eastern Shore Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Painter, VA. Each plot consisted of 3 rows 20 ft long on 3 ft spacing, replicated six times in a randomized, complete block design. A single untreated guard row separated each plot. Soil treatments were applied immediately prior to planting in the manner indicated in the table and incorporated. Lorsban 4E and Fipronil 80WG were applied using a 6 flat fan nozzle boom backpack sprayer delivering 20 gal water/acre at 40 psi. The gallonage was increased to 40 gal/acre for the Sevin foliar sprays. The granular treatments were applied using a hand-held shaker. Application dates are indicated in the table. Foliar sprays were started when the first click beetles (wireworm adults) appeared in the black light trap at Painter, VA. The threshold sprays were terminated after the wireworm flights had stopped, and the scheduled sprays were applied weekly through 23 Aug. The center row of each plot was harvested on 12 Oct and 25 market sized roots were randomly chosen, washed, and then examined for insect damage. Damage from wireworms, Southern corn rootworm (Diabrotica) and Systena flea beetles is similar and was, therefore, counted and analyzed together as a complex (WDS damage).

scholarly journals Comparison of Cyromazine (Trigard) and Bacillus Thuringiensis (Novodor) Foliar Sprays for CPB Control on Potatoes, Painter, VA

1995 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 128-128
Author(s):  
John Speese
Keyword(s):  
First Generation ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Hollow Cone ◽  
Egg Hatch ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Extension Center

Abstract Potatoes were planted on 8 April at the Eastern Shore Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Painter, VA. Each plot consisted of six 30 ft long rows on 3 ft row spacing, replicated 4 times in a randomized, complete block design. Sprays were applied using either a tractor-mounted sprayer or a 3-hollow cone nozzle boom backpack sprayer if the ground was too wet for the tractor. Sprays were applied in 40 gal/acre water. Spray dates are indicated in the tables. The entire test was sprayed out on 20 Jun with Vydate L at 0.5 lb (AI)/acre and Furadan 4F at 1.0 lb (AI)/acre to control first generation CPB adults. Evaluation criteria consisted of weekly counts of all CPB life stages present on 10 randomly chosen plants/plot, and the first sprays were applied at peak CPB egg hatch. Percent defoliation for each plot was rated on 20 Jun, and the center two rows of each plot were harvested and graded on 1 Jul to determine yields.

scholarly journals Use of Neem-Based and Bacillus Thuringiensis Foliar Sprays to Control Colorado Potato Beetle on Potatoes, 1993

1994 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-133
Author(s):  
John Speese
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Potato Leafhopper ◽  
Plant Spacing ◽  
Eastern Shore ◽  
Agricultural Experiment Station ◽  
Hollow Cone ◽  
Potato Beetle ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Compressed Gas ◽  
Agricultural Experiment

Abstract Potatoes were planted on 15 Apr at the Eastern Shore Agricultural Experiment Station, Painter, VA. Each plot consisted of a 25 ft row bordered on each side by an untreated guard row, replicated 4 times in a randomized complete block design. Plant spacing was 10 inches between plants with 36 inches between rows. Sprays to control CPB were applied on the dates indicated in the table. On 15 and 22 Jun, the Novodor treatment was sprayed with Asana XL (0.04 lb AI) due to the presence of CPB large larvae and Fl adults. From 15 Jun on, Cygon 400 (0.25 lb AI) was added to the ATI 720 treatments to control potato leafhopper (Empoasca fabae). Sprays were applied with a propane compressed gas backpack sprayer using a 3 nozzle hollow cone (D4—5) boom and delivering 60 gal water/acre at 40 psi.

scholarly journals Management of the Tobacco Aphid and Tobacco Budworm on Flue-Cured Tobacco, 1993

1994 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 289-289
Author(s):  
Paul J. Semtner ◽  
W. B. Wilkinson
Keyword(s):  
Count Data ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Cooperative Extension Service ◽  
Tobacco Budworm ◽  
Extension Service ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Production Practices ◽  
Extension Center ◽  
Experimental Plots

Abstract This experiment was conducted at the VPI and SU Southern Piedmont Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Blackstone, VA, to evaluate TA and TBW control on flue-cured tobacco with various combinations of foliar and soil-applied systemic insecticides. Tobacco was transplanted into experimental plots, 8 X 40 ft (2 rows × 24 plants), 12 May. Ten treatments were established in a randomized complete block design with 4 replications. The Temik soil treatments were applied in 14-inch bands using a tractor-mounted Gandy granular applicator and immediately covered with 6 inches of soil during bed formation on 11 May. Foliar treatments were applied on 9 and 30 Jul using a CO2-pressurized backpack sprayer that delivered 27 gpa at 60 psi through 3, TX-10 nozzles/row. Production practices followed Virginia Cooperative Extension Service recommendations except for insect control. TA populations were estimated on the upper 4 leaves of 10 plants per plot before foliar treatments were applied and at 3, 7, 12, and 20 d after the first application and 4 and 11 d after the second application. TBW were reared in the laboratory on artificial media for 7 d and released at one BW/plant on 20 consecutive plants in the second row of each plot on 6 Jul. TBW on the infested plants were counted on the d before treatment and at 3, 6, and 12 DAT. Leaves were harvested, cured, weighed, and graded by a USDA/AMS inspector. This information was used to calculated tobacco yield and price. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and significantly different means were separated by DMRT. TA count data were transformed to Log10 (x + 1) and TBW counts were transformed to SQRT (x + 0.5) before ANOVA.

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