scholarly journals Management of the Tobacco Aphid and Tobacco Budworm on Flue-Cured Tobacco, 1993

1994 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 289-289
Author(s):  
Paul J. Semtner ◽  
W. B. Wilkinson
Keyword(s):  
Count Data ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Cooperative Extension Service ◽  
Tobacco Budworm ◽  
Extension Service ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Production Practices ◽  
Extension Center ◽  
Experimental Plots

Abstract This experiment was conducted at the VPI and SU Southern Piedmont Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Blackstone, VA, to evaluate TA and TBW control on flue-cured tobacco with various combinations of foliar and soil-applied systemic insecticides. Tobacco was transplanted into experimental plots, 8 X 40 ft (2 rows × 24 plants), 12 May. Ten treatments were established in a randomized complete block design with 4 replications. The Temik soil treatments were applied in 14-inch bands using a tractor-mounted Gandy granular applicator and immediately covered with 6 inches of soil during bed formation on 11 May. Foliar treatments were applied on 9 and 30 Jul using a CO2-pressurized backpack sprayer that delivered 27 gpa at 60 psi through 3, TX-10 nozzles/row. Production practices followed Virginia Cooperative Extension Service recommendations except for insect control. TA populations were estimated on the upper 4 leaves of 10 plants per plot before foliar treatments were applied and at 3, 7, 12, and 20 d after the first application and 4 and 11 d after the second application. TBW were reared in the laboratory on artificial media for 7 d and released at one BW/plant on 20 consecutive plants in the second row of each plot on 6 Jul. TBW on the infested plants were counted on the d before treatment and at 3, 6, and 12 DAT. Leaves were harvested, cured, weighed, and graded by a USDA/AMS inspector. This information was used to calculated tobacco yield and price. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and significantly different means were separated by DMRT. TA count data were transformed to Log10 (x + 1) and TBW counts were transformed to SQRT (x + 0.5) before ANOVA.

scholarly journals Tobacco Aphid Control on Flue-Cured Tobacco with Foliar Insecticides, 1993

1994 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 285-285
Author(s):  
Paul J. Semtner ◽  
William B. Wilkinson III
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Cooperative Extension Service ◽  
Market Prices ◽  
Production Methods ◽  
Tobacco Production ◽  
Aphid Control ◽  
Extension Center ◽  
Experimental Plots ◽  
Aphid Populations ◽  
Tobacco Aphid

Abstract This experiment was conducted at the VPI and SU Southern Piedmont Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Blackstone, VA, to evaluate various insecticides applied as foliar treatments for tobacco aphid control on flue-cured tobacco. Tobacco was transplanted into experimental plots on 12 May. Fourteen treatments and an untreated control were established in a RCBD with 4 replications. Plots, 4 × 40 ft (1 row × 24 plants), were separated by single untreated guard rows. Foliar treatments were applied with a CO2-pressurized backpack sprayer that delivered 26 gpa at 60 psi through 3 TX-lO nozzles/row on 9 Jul and 16 Aug. Tobacco aphid populations were estimated on the upper 4 leaves of 10 plants per plot before treatment and at 3, 6, 12, and 20 DAT. Except for insect control, flue-cured tobacco production methods followed recommendations by the Virginia Cooperative Extension Service. Tobacco was harvested as it ripened. It was cured, weighed, and graded by a USDA/AMS inspector, and yield and price were calculated. Price was based on 1993 market prices for the assigned grades. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and significantly different means were separated using DMRT. Aphid counts were transformed to Log10 (x + 1) before ANOVA. Actual means are presented in the table.

scholarly journals Soil and Foliar Insecticides to Control Insects in Sweet Potatoes, Painter, VA, 1994

1995 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-133
Author(s):  
John Speese
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Light Trap ◽  
Corn Rootworm ◽  
Sweet Potatoes ◽  
Click Beetles ◽  
Foliar Sprays ◽  
Southern Corn Rootworm ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Extension Center

Abstract Sweet potatoes were planted on 17 Jun at the Eastern Shore Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Painter, VA. Each plot consisted of 3 rows 20 ft long on 3 ft spacing, replicated six times in a randomized, complete block design. A single untreated guard row separated each plot. Soil treatments were applied immediately prior to planting in the manner indicated in the table and incorporated. Lorsban 4E and Fipronil 80WG were applied using a 6 flat fan nozzle boom backpack sprayer delivering 20 gal water/acre at 40 psi. The gallonage was increased to 40 gal/acre for the Sevin foliar sprays. The granular treatments were applied using a hand-held shaker. Application dates are indicated in the table. Foliar sprays were started when the first click beetles (wireworm adults) appeared in the black light trap at Painter, VA. The threshold sprays were terminated after the wireworm flights had stopped, and the scheduled sprays were applied weekly through 23 Aug. The center row of each plot was harvested on 12 Oct and 25 market sized roots were randomly chosen, washed, and then examined for insect damage. Damage from wireworms, Southern corn rootworm (Diabrotica) and Systena flea beetles is similar and was, therefore, counted and analyzed together as a complex (WDS damage).

scholarly journals Comparison of Cyromazine (Trigard) and Bacillus Thuringiensis (Novodor) Foliar Sprays for CPB Control on Potatoes, Painter, VA

1995 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 128-128
Author(s):  
John Speese
Keyword(s):  
First Generation ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Hollow Cone ◽  
Egg Hatch ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Extension Center

Abstract Potatoes were planted on 8 April at the Eastern Shore Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Painter, VA. Each plot consisted of six 30 ft long rows on 3 ft row spacing, replicated 4 times in a randomized, complete block design. Sprays were applied using either a tractor-mounted sprayer or a 3-hollow cone nozzle boom backpack sprayer if the ground was too wet for the tractor. Sprays were applied in 40 gal/acre water. Spray dates are indicated in the tables. The entire test was sprayed out on 20 Jun with Vydate L at 0.5 lb (AI)/acre and Furadan 4F at 1.0 lb (AI)/acre to control first generation CPB adults. Evaluation criteria consisted of weekly counts of all CPB life stages present on 10 randomly chosen plants/plot, and the first sprays were applied at peak CPB egg hatch. Percent defoliation for each plot was rated on 20 Jun, and the center two rows of each plot were harvested and graded on 1 Jul to determine yields.

scholarly journals Comparison of Various Classes of Foliar Insecticides for Worm Control in Fall Cabbage, 1994

1995 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-79
Author(s):  
John Speese
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Eastern Shore ◽  
Hollow Cone ◽  
Plot Sampling ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Worm Control ◽  
Extension Center

Abstract Cabbage was transplanted in two fields on 10 Aug at the Eastern Shore Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Painter, VA. In both fields, each plot consisted of a single 25 ft × 3 ft row, replicated four times in a randomized, complete block design. Plots were separated by untreated guard rows. Sprays were applied on the dates indicated in the tables using a 3 hollow cone nozzle boom backpack sprayer delivering 60 gal water/acre at 40 psi. Evaluation criteria consisted of counts of all worm species present and final market ratings on 5 randomly chosen plants/plot. Sampling dates for each field are indicated in the tables. Market ratings were estimated according to Greene et al. in J. Econ. Entomol. 62(4): 798-800. A rating greater than 3 is considered unmarketable.

Foliar Sprays to Control Insects in Wheat, Painter, Va, 1993

1995 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 265-265
Author(s):  
John Speese III
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Eastern Shore ◽  
Treatment Threshold ◽  
Flag Leaves ◽  
Foliar Sprays ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Extension Center

Abstract Wheat was planted on 13 Nov 1993 at the Eastern Shore Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Painter, VA. Each plot was 25 ft long by 5 ft wide and replicated 4 times in a randomized, complete block design. Sprays were applied on 2 May using a 3-nozzle flat fan boom backpack sprayer delivering 20 gal water/acre at 40 psi, when CLB pressure was at or near the treatment threshold of 1 larva/flag leaf in most plots. Numbers of CLB larvae/50 flag leaves and numbers of EGA/50 ears were counted in each plot on the dates indicated in the table. Percent defoliation was rated on 12 May on 25 randomly chosen flag leaves/plot, and the plots were harvested on 7 Jul.

scholarly journals Azadirachtin (Align) to Control CPB on Potatoes, 1994

1995 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 126-126
Author(s):  
John Speese
Keyword(s):  
First Generation ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Eastern Shore ◽  
Hollow Cone ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Extension Center

Abstract Potatoes were planted on 11 April at the Eastern Shore Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Painter, VA. Each plot consisted of two 25 ft rows on 3 ft row spacing, replicated four times in a randomized, complete block design. An untreated guard row separated each plot. Admire 2F was applied in furrow preplanting using a single hollow cone nozzle boom backpack sprayer. Foliar sprays were applied on the dates indicated in the table using a 3 hollow cone nozzle boom backpack sprayer delivering 60 gal water/acre at 40 psi. On 21 and 23 Jun, the entire test was sprayed out with Vydate L at 0.50 lb(AI)/acre and Furadan 4F at 1.00 lb (AI)/acre to control first generation CPB adults. Evaluation criteria and spray decisions were based on weekly counts of all CPB life stages present on 10 random stems/plot. Sprays were applied if the following thresholds were exceeded: 4 small larvae, 1.5 large larvae, or 0.5 adults/stem. Percent defoliation for each plot was rated on 16 Jun and both rows of each plot were harvested and graded on 20 Jul to determine yields.

scholarly journals Comparison of Various Spray Schedules to Control Worms in Cotton, Painter, Va

1995 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 217-217
Author(s):  
John Speese
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Eastern Shore ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Compressed Gas ◽  
Extension Center ◽  
Spray Applications

Abstract Cotton was planted on 11 May at the Eastern Shore Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Painter, VA. Each plot consisted of two 25 ft long rows planted on 3 ft spacing, and replicated four times in a randomized, complete block design. Each plot was bordered by an untreated guard row. Sprays were applied using a compressed gas backpack sprayer delivering 10 gal water/acre at 60 psi and equipped with a single nozzle (TX4) boom. Bollworm egg thresholds of 2 eggs/100 bolls and 5 eggs/50 terminals were exceeded on 5 Aug and the first spray applications were made on this date. The 5-day sprays were applied on 10 Aug, and the 10-day sprays on 15 Aug. Plots were then scouted weekly to determine if subsequent sprays were needed by examining 25 bolls per plot for live worms. Although egg threshold was no longer used after 5 Aug in making spray decisions, it was noted that egg threshold was exceeded in the as needed treatments on 9 Aug.

scholarly journals Use of Pymetrozine (CGA-215 944) to Control Cabbage Aphids in Collards, 1994

1995 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-83
Author(s):  
John Speese
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Eastern Shore ◽  
Hollow Cone ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Extension Center ◽  
Cabbage Aphids

Abstract This study was conducted in a commercial collards field planted on 17 Aug near the Eastern Shore Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Painter, VA. Each plot consisted of a single 25 ft × 3 ft row, bordered on each side by an untreated guard row, and replicated four times in a randomized, complete block design. Treatments were applied 15 Sep with a single hollow cone nozzle boom backpack sprayer delivering 60 gal water/acre at 40 psi and the total number of cabbage aphids was counted 20 and 28 Sep on 10 randomly picked leaves/plot.

scholarly journals Late-Season Tobacco Hornworm Control in Georgia Flue-Cured Tobacco, 1997

1998 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 306-306
Author(s):  
J. Delano Taylor ◽  
Robert M. McPherson ◽  
Bert D. Crowe
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Count Data ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Test Site ◽  
Cooperative Extension Service ◽  
Test Area ◽  
Extension Service ◽  
Split Application ◽  
Farm Production ◽  
Production Practices

Abstract Flue-cured ‘K-326’ tobacco was transplanted on 1 Apr at the Georgia Coastal Plain Experiment Station Bowen Farm. Production practices were used according to Georgia Cooperative Extension Service guidelines and included a preplant tank mixture of Tillman, Devrinol, Ridomil, and Nemacur. Fertilizer (6-6-18) was applied at the rate of 1000 lb/acre in a split application. On 24 Jun, tops were removed and leaves stripped from all plants in the test area, and 16-0-0 fertilizer was applied at a rate of 100 lb/acre. In early Jul, all suckers except the 2 main shoots were removed from each plant. On 16 Jul the test site was partitioned into 24 plots that were 4 rows wide X 20 ft long, with 6 plots power range (replication) arranged in a RB design with 4 replications. The left row of each plot was left untreated (fallow border row) and the remaining 3 rows were treated with a selected insecticide using a CO2-powered backpack sprayer equipped with three TX-12 nozzles per row at 40 psi. One treatment served as an untreated control. The number of live hornworm larvae on plants 2-6 on the middle treated row was recorded from each plot 2, 5 and 8 d after treatment (DAT). Treatments were reapplied on 25 Jul and hornworm counts taken 3, 7, and 10 DAT. On 4 Aug, plants 2-6 on the center row were visually rated for % defoliation and also rated for aphid infestations. Aphid ratings ranged from 0 to 7, with 0 = no aphids, 1 = > 10 aphids/plant, 2 = 10-100 aphids/plant, 3 = 100-500 aphids/plant, 4 = 500-1500 aphids/plant, 5 = 1500-3000 aphids/plant, 6 = 3000-5000 aphids/plant, and 7 = > 5000 aphids/plants. All count data and defoliation and aphid ratings were subjected to analysis of variance and the means were separated using DMRT (P = 0.05).

scholarly journals At Planting and Foliar Insecticides to Control Cucumber Beetles in Fall Cucumbers, 1994

1995 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-92
Author(s):  
John Speese
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Cucumber Beetles ◽  
Cucumber Beetle ◽  
Marketable Fruit ◽  
Extension Center

Abstract Cucumbers were planted on 12 Aug at the Eastern Shore Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Painter, VA. Each plot consisted of a 25 ft long row planted on 5 ft row spacing, replicated four times in a randomized, complete block design. An untreated guard row separated each plot. Furadan 4F was applied in furrow at planting using a single nozzle boom backpack sprayer. The Payload 15G in furrow at planting treatments were applied using a hand-held shaker. Foliar sprays were applied using a 3 hollow cone nozzle boom backpack sprayer delivering 45 gal water/acre at 40 psi. Foliar spray dates were 31 Aug and 6 and 13 Sep. On 31 Aug, the Furadan 4F at planting plots were less defoliated than the other plots and dead and dying cucumber beetles were observed. These plots were, therefore, not sprayed on this date. Dead and dying beetles were also observed in the Payload 15G plots on 31 Aug. These plots were treated with a low rate of Asana on this date, since actively feeding beetles were also observed. Evaluation criteria consisted of counts of both species of cucumber beetle on a randomly chosen 6 ft (30 sq ft) section of row in each plot and estimation of percent defoliation in each plot on the dates indicated in the table. The marketable fruit in each plot was harvested on 4, 11, and 20 Oct and the total yields for the season are indicated in the table.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document