Instantaneous Canopy Photosynthesis: Analytical Expressions for Sun and Shade Leaves Based on Exponential Light Decay Down the Canopy and an Acclimated Non-rectangular Hyperbola for Leaf Photosynthesis

This paper presents a simple algorithm for calculating daily canopy photosynthesis given parameters of the single-leaf light response, the canopy extinction coefficient, canopy leaf area index, daylength, daily solar irradiance and daily maximum and minimum temperatures. Analytical expressions are derived for total daily production by a canopy of leaves whose light response is either a rectangular hyperbola or a Blackman response. An expression which gives an excellent approximation to canopy photosynthesis for an arbitrary hyperbolic light response is then derived. These expressions assume photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) within the canopy follows Beer's law, light-saturated photosynthetic rate at any point in the canopy is proportional to the ratio of local PAR to full-sun PAR, diurnal variation of PAR is sinusoidal, and parameters of the single-leaf photosynthetic light response do not vary diurnally. It is shown how these expressions can be used to accommodate diurnal temperature variation of photosynthesis in a simple manner. The accuracy of the approximation to the basic integral of leaf photosynthesis over the canopy and over time is illustrated by applying the algorithm to compute the seasonal variation of daily canopy photosynthesis and comparing these data with corresponding values obtained by numerical integration.

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Internal conductance to CO2 transfer of adult Fagus sylvatica: Variation between sun and shade leaves and due to free-air ozone fumigation

Environmental and Experimental Botany ◽

10.1016/j.envexpbot.2005.11.004 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 59 (2) ◽

pp. 130-138 ◽

Cited By ~ 69

Author(s):

C.R. Warren ◽

M. Löw ◽

R. Matyssek ◽

M. Tausz

Keyword(s):

Fagus Sylvatica ◽

Free Air ◽

Sun And Shade Leaves ◽

Internal Conductance ◽

Sun And Shade ◽

Shade Leaves

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EFFECTS OF EXPOSURE TO DIRECT SUNLIGHT UPON THE DEVELOPMENT OF LEAF STRUCTURE OF TWO DECIDUOUS SHRUB SPECIES

Canadian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1139/b53-042 ◽

1953 ◽

Vol 31 (5) ◽

pp. 537-541 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

R. G. H. Cormack ◽

Anne L. Gorham

Keyword(s):

Ground Cover ◽

Anatomical Study ◽

Shrub Species ◽

Structural Modifications ◽

Previous Season ◽

Sun And Shade Leaves ◽

Deep Shade ◽

Sun And Shade ◽

Palisade Cells ◽

Shade Leaves

The present anatomical study of sun and shade leaves of two shrub species Menziesia glabella and Lonicera glaucescens is an outgrowth of interest in the response of ground cover plants to increased sunlight as the result of logging operations. Leaves of both shrub species developed on plants fully exposed to the sun are smaller, thicker, more compact, with longer palisade cells, less spongy mesophyll, and thicker cuticle than comparable leaves from plants growing normally in deep shade. Evidence is given for the views that (1) differences in leaf expression are not predetermined by the environment of the bud during its formation the previous season, and (2) structural modifications that result when typical shade buds are suddenly exposed to full sunlight are merely an indication of the plasticity of leaves to light.

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Distribution of magnesium between chlorophyll and other photosynthetic functions in magnesium deficient “sun”; and “shade”; leaves of poplar

Journal of Plant Nutrition ◽

10.1080/01904168509363409 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 8 (12) ◽

pp. 1089-1101 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

H. Dorenstouter ◽

G.A. Pieters ◽

G.R. Findenegg

Keyword(s):

Sun And Shade Leaves ◽

Sun And Shade ◽

Shade Leaves

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Sun and shade leaves of Olea europaea respond differently to plant size, light availability and genetic variation

Functional Ecology ◽

10.1111/j.1365-2435.2011.01851.x ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 25 (4) ◽

pp. 802-812 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Rafael R. de Casas ◽

Pablo Vargas ◽

Esther Pérez-Corona ◽

Esteban Manrique ◽

Carlos García-Verdugo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variation ◽

Olea Europaea ◽

Light Availability ◽

Plant Size ◽

Sun And Shade Leaves ◽

Sun And Shade ◽

Shade Leaves ◽

Olea Europaéa

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Interspecific covariation between stomatal density and other functional leaf traits in a local flora

Botany ◽

10.1139/b09-103 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 88 (1) ◽

pp. 30-38 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Jessy Loranger ◽

Bill Shipley

Keyword(s):

Chlorophyll Content ◽

Stomatal Density ◽

Leaf Traits ◽

Functional Ecology ◽

Leaf Trait ◽

Leaf Chlorophyll ◽

Sun And Shade Leaves ◽

Angiosperm Species ◽

Sun And Shade ◽

Shade Leaves

Despite the importance of stomata in leaf functioning, and despite the recent interest in interspecific leaf trait covariation in functional ecology, little is known about how stomatal density relates to other leaf traits in a broad interspecific context. This is especially important because stomatal density has been widely used to deduce temporal variation in atmospheric CO2 concentrations [CO2atm] from fossilized or herbarium leaves. We therefore measured stomatal density, specific leaf area (SLA) and its components, leaf thickness, and leaf chlorophyll content in both sun and shade leaves of 169 individuals from 52 angiosperm species in southwestern Quebec. Using mixed models, we show that stomatal density decreases allometrically with increasing SLA and chlorophyll content, and increases allometrically with increasing lamina thickness. The sun–shade contrast changes the intercepts, but not the slopes, of these relationships. It is important to take into consideration these relations when correlating stomatal density with [CO2], to avoid spurious interpretations.

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