Modeling Self-Thinning Patterns in Loblolly Pine with Provenance and Family Effects

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (6) ◽  
pp. 712-725
Author(s):  
Trevor D Walker ◽  
Bronson P Bullock ◽  
Benjamin C Smith ◽  
Steven E McKeand
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Stand Density ◽  
Atlantic Coastal Plain ◽  
The Self ◽  
Stem Form ◽  
Stand Density Index ◽  
Atlantic Coastal

Abstract Size-density trajectories and self-thinning boundary lines were modeled for two diverse provenances of Pinus taeda L. and five open-pollinated families within each provenance. The data used come from a single site with replicated 64-tree block plots measured through age 25 years. The effects of provenance and family were tested using linear and nonlinear mixed-effects self-thinning models. The drought-hardy Lost Pines of Texas provenance displayed a greater predicted carrying capacity (almost 200 more trees per hectare at reference diameter 25.4 cm) and had a more abrupt approach to the self-thinning line than the widely planted Atlantic Coastal Plain provenance. However, the growth rate of the Lost Pines of Texas provenance was considerably slower and stem form was unacceptable for timber production. Families from the Atlantic Coastal Plain differed in their maximum stand density index predictions (from 1,118 to 1,282 trees per hectare at the reference diameter), suggesting there is an opportunity for artificial selection to change maximum stand density index in this breeding population of loblolly pine. A novel method for predicting the self-thinning boundary line using random effects inherent to the experimental design is presented and recommended for repeated measures data. Experimental design considerations for evaluating genetic differences in self-thinning are discussed. Study Implications Genetic improvement of growth rate in forest trees has resulted in large gains in plantation productivity, but the effect on carrying capacity has not been addressed. This study indicated that artificial selection on tolerance to competition in the widely planted Atlantic Coastal Plain provenance of loblolly pine can potentially increase harvest yield without sacrificing growth rate. The drought-hardy Lost Pines of Texas provenance displayed greater carrying capacity but had poor stem form and slow growth. The Lost Pines provenance may be attractive for aboveground carbon sequestration, since it sustained substantially more biomass because of greater maximum stand density and denser wood.

Response of Newly Planted Loblolly Pines to Herbicide and Nitrogen

1988 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
William H. McKee ◽  
Larry P. Wilhite
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Atlantic Coastal Plain ◽  
Pronounced Increase ◽  
Seedling Biomass ◽  
Loblolly Pines ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
Atlantic Coastal

Abstract In three separate studies on the Lower Atlantic Coastal Plain, sites were sheared, root-raked, and bedded, and phosphorus was applied. Loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) seedlings were planted, and nitrogen fertilizer and preemergence herbicide were applied at several different times. In all three studies, loblolly pine responded positively in height, diameter, and aboveground biomass to herbicide applied in the spring following planting. Responses to nitrogen application were inconsistent. A pronounced increase in growth was found in only one study. There, a nitrogen and a herbicide treatment interacted to give a three-fold increase in aboveground seedling biomass after one growing season. The lack of response to nitrogen in the other two studies may be attributable to low rainfall in the spring after planting and mineralization of native nitrogen from soil organic matter. South. J. Appl. For. 12(1):33-36.

scholarly journals Loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) productivity 23 years after wet site harvesting and site preparation in the lower Atlantic coastal plain

2017 ◽  
Vol 401 ◽  
pp. 207-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles M. Neaves ◽  
W. Michael Aust ◽  
M. Chad Bolding ◽  
Scott M. Barrett ◽  
Carl C. Trettin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Site Preparation ◽  
Atlantic Coastal Plain ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
Atlantic Coastal

Performance of Livingston Parish Loblolly Pine in the Georgia Piedmont

1986 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-87
Author(s):  
H. R. Powers
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Source Material ◽  
Atlantic Coastal Plain ◽  
Rust Disease ◽  
Fusiform Rust ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
Georgia Piedmont ◽  
Atlantic Coastal

Abstract Seedlings of Livingston Parish (Louisiana) loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) have been widely used across the Gulf and south Atlantic Coastal Plain to reduce the damage caused by the fusiform rust disease. Since this seed-source material provided the first rust-resistant seedlings available to forestland managers, it was used wherever rust damage was heavy, in some cases into the Piedmont north of the recommended area of planting. This paper evaluates the performance of ten-year-old Livingston Parish trees in such an area. The rust resistance of the Livingston Parish trees was outstanding, with 83% being free of disease as compared with only 14% of the commercial controls. There was no difference in growth between the two groups of trees, and ice breakage was not significantly greater in the Livingston Parish trees. South. J. Appl. For. 10:84-87, May 1986.

scholarly journals Soil properties in site prepared loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) stands 25 years after wet weather harvesting in the lower Atlantic coastal plain

2017 ◽  
Vol 404 ◽  
pp. 344-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles M. Neaves ◽  
W. Michael Aust ◽  
M. Chad Bolding ◽  
Scott M. Barrett ◽  
Carl C. Trettin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Atlantic Coastal Plain ◽  
Wet Weather ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
Atlantic Coastal

How Many Tree Heights Should You Measure for Natural, Atlantic Coastal Plain Loblolly Site Index?

1981 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 180-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Thomas Lloyd
Keyword(s):  
Sample Size ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Site Index ◽  
Atlantic Coastal Plain ◽  
Stand Age ◽  
Site Class ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Atlantic Coastal

Abstract Sample size is tabulated for the number of tree heights needed to site-classify plots growing natural, Atlantic coastal plain loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.). The size of the sample depends on observed stand age and selected site-class size, index age, and classification success rate. The most important outcome is the relationship of sample size to stand age because putting it into practice results in uniformly reliable site-index estimates.

Loblolly Pine Response to Bedding and Fertilization Varies by Drainage Class on Lower Atlantic Coastal Plain Sites

1986 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. H. McKee ◽  
L. P. White
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Atlantic Coastal Plain ◽  
Phosphorus Fertilization ◽  
Differential Growth ◽  
Drainage Class ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
Atlantic Coastal

Abstract Growth response of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) to bedding and phosphorus fertilization was determined on three sites classified as moderately well, somewhat poorly, and poorly drained. Ten-year growth in terms of height and diameter showed a pronounced response to treatments on the poorly drained site but only a small response on the other sites on which competition was eliminated as a factor in all treatments. Bedding and fertilization interacted only on the poorly drained site where response to bedding was most pronounced. Our projection of height over age curves for individual treatments suggest that response to phosphorus alone may compare favorably with bedding plus phosphorus after the pines are about age 20 on the poorly drained site. Nutrient concentration in foliage alone was not indicative of the differential growth response to fertilizer obtained over drainage classes.

Modeling the longitudinal variation in wood specific gravity of planted loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) in the United States

2010 ◽  
Vol 40 (12) ◽  
pp. 2439-2451 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Antony ◽  
L. R. Schimleck ◽  
R. F. Daniels ◽  
A. Clark ◽  
D. B. Hall
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
The United States ◽  
Atlantic Coastal Plain ◽  
Quadratic Model ◽  
Gulf Coastal Plain ◽  
Atlantic Coastal

Loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) is a major plantation species grown in the southern United States, producing wood having a multitude of uses including pulp and lumber production. Specific gravity (SG) is an important property used to measure the quality of wood produced, and it varies regionally and within the tree with height and radius. SG at different height levels was measured from 407 trees representing 135 plantations across the natural range of loblolly pine. A three-segment quadratic model and a semiparametric model were proposed to explain the vertical and regional variations in SG. Both models were in agreement that a stem can be divided into three segments based on the vertical variation in SG. Based on the fitted models, the mean trend in SG of trees from the southern Atlantic Coastal Plain and Gulf Coastal Plain was observed to be higher than in other physiographical regions (Upper Coastal Plain, Hilly Coastal Plain, northern Atlantic Coastal Plain, and Piedmont). Maps showing the regional variation in disk SG at a specified height were also developed. Maps indicated that the stands in the southern Atlantic Coastal Plain and Gulf Coastal Plain have the highest SG at a given height level.

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